Do enhancements to the urban built environment improve physical activity levels among socially disadvantaged populations?

International Journal for Equity in Health

Volumn 10, Issue , 2011, Pages

  Pearce, Jamie R ^a   Maddison, Ralph ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

connectivity; green space; health inequalities; neighbourhoods; New Zealand; open space; Physical activity

Indexed keywords

CONNECTIVITY; LOW INCOME POPULATION; OBESITY; OPEN SPACE; RECOGNITION; URBAN PLANNING;

ARTICLE; HUMAN; LOWEST INCOME GROUP; MAORI; NEW ZEALAND; OBESITY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PACIFIC ISLANDER; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SOCIAL INTERACTION; TRAFFIC AND TRANSPORT; URBAN AREA;

NEW ZEALAND;

EID: 79960562672     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14759276     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1475-9276-10-28     Document Type: Article

References (92)

1. Worldwide trends in childhood overweight and obesity. Wang Y, Lobstein T, Int J Pediatr Obes 2006 1 1 11 25 10.1080/17477160600586747 17902211
2. Global database on body mass index. World Health Organisation, 2009
3. Global burden of obesity in 2005 and projections to 2030. Kelly T, Yang W, Chen CS, Reynolds K, He J, Int J Obes 2008 32 9 1431 7 10.1038/ijo.2008.102
4. New Zealand Food, New Zealand Children. Ministry of Health, Key results of the 2002 National Children's Nutritional Survey Wellington: Ministry of Health 2003 21554386
5. A Portrait of Health: Key Results of the 2002/03 New Zealand Health Survey. Ministry of Health, Wellington: Ministry of Health 2004
6. Excess deaths associated with underweight, overweight, and obesity. Flegal KM, Graubard BI, Williamson DF, Gail MH, JAMA 2005 293 15 1861 7 10.1001/jama.293.15.1861 15840860 (Pubitemid 40548182)
7. An "ecological" approach to the obesity pandemic. Egger G, Swinburn B, BMJ 1997 315 7106 477 80 9284671
8. A systematic review of the relationship between socio-economic position and physical activity. Gidlow C, Johnston L, Crone D, Ellis N, James D, Health Educ J 2006 65 4 338 67 10.1177/0017896906069378 (Pubitemid 44629973)
9. Tackling Obesities: Future Choices-Obesogenic Environments-Evidence Review. Jones A, Bentham G, Foster C, Hillsdon M, Panter J, London: United Kingdom Government Foresight Programme, Office of Science and Innovation 2007
10. Individual, social environmental, and physical environmental influences on physical activity among black and white adults: a structural equation analysis. McNeill LH, Wyrwich KW, Brownson RC, Clark EM, Kreuter MW, Ann Behav Med 2006 31 1 36 44 10.1207/s15324796abm3101-7 16472037
11. The built environment and physical activity: what is the relationship? Williams C, New Jersey: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation 2007
12. Geographies of Obesity: Environmental understandings of the obesity epidemic. Pearce J, Witten K, editors, Farnham, Surrey Burlington, VT: Ashgate 2010
13. Interventions for promoting physical activity. Hillsdon M, Foster C, Thorogood M, Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005 1 D003180
14. Enhancing Food Security and Physical Activity for Mori, Pacific and Low Income Communities. Bowers S, Carter K, Gorton D, Heta C, Lanumata T, Maddison R, McKerchar C, Ni Mhurchu C, O'Dea D, Pearce J, Signal L, Walton M, editors, Auckland: CTRU, University of Auckland 2009
15. Complexity theory and geographies of health: a critical assessment. Gatrell A, Soc Sci Med 2005 60 2661 71 10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.11.002 15820578 (Pubitemid 40488262)
16. An analysis of interactions between factors associated with food security and physical activity: Working paper for the ENHANCE Research Project. Walton M, Signal L, Wellington: Health Promotion and Policy Research Unit, University of Otago 2008
17. Dissecting obesogenic environments: the development and application of a framework for identifying and prioritizing environmental interventions for obesity. Swinburn B, Egger G, Raza F, Prev Med 1999 29 563 70 10.1006/pmed.1999.0585 10600438 (Pubitemid 30026552)
18. Why reduce health inequalities? Woodward A, Kawachi I, J Epidemiol Community Health 2000 54 12 923 9 10.1136/jech.54.12.923 11076989
19. Widening ethnic mortality disparities in New Zealand 1981-99. Blakely T, Tobias M, Robson B, Ajwani S, Bonne M, Woodward A, Soc Sci Med 2005 61 10 2233 51 10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.02.011 16005132 (Pubitemid 41262515)
20. Patterns of disparity: ethnic and socio-economic trends in breast cancer mortality in New Zealand. Sarfati D, Blakely T, Shaw C, Cormack D, Atkinson J, Cancer Causes Control 2006 17 5 671 8 10.1007/s10552-005-0583-0 16633914 (Pubitemid 43668325)
21. Do attributes in the physical environment influence children's physical activity? A review of the literature. Davison KK, Lawson CT, Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2006 3 19 10.1186/1479-5868-3-19 16872543 (Pubitemid 44322352)
22. Environmental factors associated with adults' participation in physical activity: a review. Humpel N, Owen N, Leslie E, Am J Prev Med 2002 22 3 188 99 10.1016/S0749-3797(01)00426-3 11897464 (Pubitemid 34207825)
23. An update of recent evidence of the relationship between objective and self-report measures of the physical environment and physical activity behaviours. McCormack G, Giles-Corti B, Lange A, Smith T, Martin K, Pikora TJ, J Sci Med Sport 2004 7 1 Suppl 81 92 15214606
24. Understanding environmental influences on walking; Review and research agenda. Owen N, Humpel N, Leslie E, Bauman A, Sallis JF, Am J Prev Med 2004 27 1 67 76 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.03.006 15212778 (Pubitemid 38813187)
25. Perceived environment and physical activity: a meta-analysis of selected environmental characteristics. Duncan MJ, Spence JC, Mummery WK, Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2005 2 11 10.1186/1479-5868-2-11 16138933 (Pubitemid 41522360)
26. Associations of perceived social and physical environmental supports with physical activity and walking behavior. Addy CL, Wilson DK, Kirtland KA, Ainsworth BE, Sharpe P, Kimsey D, Am J Public Health 2004 94 3 440 3 10.2105/AJPH.94.3.440 14998810 (Pubitemid 38269499)
27. Availability of recreational resources and physical activity in adults. Diez Roux AV, Evenson KR, McGinn AP, Brown DG, Moore L, Brines S, Jacobs DR Jr, Am J Public Health 2007 97 3 493 9 10.2105/AJPH.2006.087734 17267710 (Pubitemid 47280201)
28. Contribution of public parks to physical activity. Cohen DA, McKenzie TL, Sehgal A, Williamson S, Golinelli D, Lurie N, Am J Public Health 2007 97 3 509 14 10.2105/AJPH.2005.072447 17267728 (Pubitemid 47280203)
29. Built environment, adiposity, and physical activity in adults aged 50-75. Li F, Harmer PA, Cardinal BJ, Bosworth M, Acock A, Johnson-Shelton D, Moore JM, Am J Prev Med 2008 35 1 38 46 10.1016/j.amepre.2008.03.021 18541175 (Pubitemid 351778335)
30. Multilevel modelling of built environment characteristics related to neighbourhood walking activity in older adults. Li F, Fisher KJ, Brownson RC, Bosworth M, J Epidemiol Community Health 2005 59 7 558 64 10.1136/jech.2004. 028399 15965138 (Pubitemid 40904781)
31. Association of park size, distance, and features with physical activity in neighborhood parks. Kaczynski AT, Potwarka LR, Saelens BE, Am J Public Health 2008 98 8 1451 6 10.2105/AJPH.2007.129064 18556600
32. Perceived environmental aesthetics and convenience and company are associated with walking for exercise among Australian adults. Ball K, Bauman A, Leslie E, Owen N, Prev Med 2001 33 5 434 40 10.1006/pmed.2001.0912 11676585 (Pubitemid 33035786)
33. Socioeconomic status differences in recreational physical activity levels and real and perceived access to a supportive physical environment. Giles-Corti B, Donovan RJ, Prev Med 2002 35 6 601 11 10.1006/pmed.2002.1115 12460528 (Pubitemid 35461809)
34. Relative influences of individual, social environmental, and physical environmental correlates of walking. Giles-Corti B, Donovan RJ, Am J Public Health 2003 93 9 1583 9 10.2105/AJPH.93.9.1583 12948984 (Pubitemid 38477689)
35. The relative influence of individual, social and physical environment determinants of physical activity. Giles-Corti B, Donovan RJ, Soc Sci Med 2002 54 12 1793 812 10.1016/S0277-9536(01)00150-2 12113436 (Pubitemid 34462157)
36. Personal, social and environmental determinants of educational inequalities in walking: a multilevel study. Ball K, Timperio A, Salmon J, Giles-Corti B, Roberts R, Crawford D, J Epidemiol Community Health 2007 61 2 108 14 10.1136/jech.2006.048520 17234868 (Pubitemid 46174216)
37. Features of public open spaces and physical activity among children: findings from the CLAN study. Timperio A, Giles-Corti B, Crawford D, Andrianopoulos N, Ball K, Salmon J, et al. Prev Med 2008 47 5 514 8 10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.07.015 18718847
38. Increasing walking: how important is distance to, attractiveness, and size of public open space? Giles-Corti B, Broomhall MH, Knuiman M, Collins C, Douglas K, Ng K, Lange A, Donovan RJ, Am J Prev Med 2005 28 2 Suppl 2 169 76 15710272 (Pubitemid 40203439)
39. Social-cognitive and perceived environment influences associated with physical activity in older Australians. Booth ML, Owen N, Bauman A, Clavisi O, Leslie E, Prev Med 2000 31 1 15 22 10.1006/pmed.2000.0661 10896840 (Pubitemid 30471174)
40. Associations of location and perceived environmental attributes with walking in neighborhoods. Humpel N, Owen N, Leslie E, Marshall AL, Bauman AE, Sallis JF, Am J Health Promot 2004 18 3 239 42 14748314 (Pubitemid 38112219)
41. Associations of neighbourhood greenness with physical and mental health: do walking, social coherence and local social interaction explain the relationships? Sugiyama T, Leslie E, Giles-Corti B, Owen N, J Epidemiol Community Health 2008 62 5 9 10.1136/jech.2007.064287 18431834
42. Using objective and subjective measures of neighborhood greenness and accessible destinations for understanding walking trips and BMI in Seattle, Washington. Tilt JH, Unfried TM, Roca B, Am J Health Promot 2007 21 4 Suppl 371 9 17465183 (Pubitemid 46411275)
43. Recreational values of the natural environment in relation to neighbourhood satisfaction, physical activity, obesity and wellbeing. Björk J, Albin M, Grahn P, Jacobsson H, Ardo J, Wadbro J, stergren PO, Skärbäck E, J Epidemiol Community Health 2008 62 4 2 10.1136/jech.2007.062414 18365329
44. Graffiti, greenery, and obesity in adults: secondary analysis of European cross sectional survey. Ellaway A, Macintyre S, Bonnefoy X, BMJ 2005 331 7517 611 2 10.1136/bmj.38575.664549.F7 16113034 (Pubitemid 41360772)
45. Do green areas affect health? Results from a Danish survey on the use of green areas and health indicators. Nielsen TS, Hansen KB, Health Place 2007 13 4 839 50 10.1016/j.healthplace.2007.02.001 17392016 (Pubitemid 47002334)
46. Promoting ecosystem and human health in urban areas using Green Infrastructure: A literature review. Tzoulas K, Korpela K, Venn S, Yli-Pelkonen V, Ka?mierczak A, Niemela J, James P, Landsc Urban Plan 2007 81 167 78 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2007.02.001 (Pubitemid 46805185)
47. Neighborhood greenness and 2-year changes in body mass index of children and youth. Bell JF, Wilson JS, Liu GC, Am J Prev Med 2008 35 6 547 53 10.1016/j.amepre.2008.07.006 19000844
48. Green space, urbanity, and health: how strong is the relation? Maas J, Verheij RA, Groenewegen PP, de Vries S, Spreeuwenberg P, J Epidemiol Community Health 2006 60 7 587 92 10.1136/jech.2005.043125 16790830 (Pubitemid 44032820)
49. Greenspace, urbanity and health: relationships in England. Mitchell R, Popham F, J Epidemiol Community Health 2007 61 8 681 3 10.1136/jech.2006.053553 17630365 (Pubitemid 47122065)
50. Using a GIS-based network analysis to determine urban greenspace accessibility for different ethnic and religious groups. Combera A, Brunsdon C, Green E, Landscape and Urban Planning 2008 86 103 14 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2008. 01.002
51. Availability of recreational resources in minority and low socioeconomic status areas. Moore LV, Diez Roux AV, Evenson KR, McGinn AP, Brines SJ, Am J Prev Med 2008 34 1 16 22 10.1016/j.amepre.2007.09.021 18083446 (Pubitemid 350236669)
52. Resources for physical activity participation: does availability and accessibility differ by neighborhood socioeconomic status? Estabrooks PA, Lee RE, Gyurcsik NC, Ann Behav Med 2003 25 2 100 4 10.1207/S15324796ABM2502-05 12704011 (Pubitemid 36588480)
53. Who benefits from access to green space? A case study from Sheffield, UK. Barbosa O, Tratalos J, Armsworth P, Davies R, Fuller R, Johnson P, Gaston J, Landsc Urban Plan 2007 83 187 95 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2007.04.004 (Pubitemid 350010989)
54. Is availability of public open space equitable across areas? Timperio A, Ball K, Salmon J, Roberts R, Crawford D, Health Place 2007 13 2 335 40 10.1016/j.healthplace.2006.02.003 16581285 (Pubitemid 46136062)
55. Deprivation amplification revisited; or, is it always true that poorer places have poorer access to resources for healthy diets and physical activity? Macintyre S, Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2007 4 32 10.1186/1479-5868-4-32 17683624 (Pubitemid 47423731)
56. Exploring the material basis for health: characteristics of parks in Montreal neighborhoods with contrasting health outcomes. Coen SE, Ross NA, Health Place 2006 12 4 361 71 10.1016/j.healthplace.2005.02.001 16814195 (Pubitemid 43928712)
57. Do features of public open spaces vary according to neighbourhood socio-economic status? Crawford D, Timperio A, Giles-Corti B, Ball K, Hume C, Roberts R, Andrianopoulos N, Salmon J, Health Place 2008 14 4 889 93 10.1016/j.healthplace.2007.11.002 18086547
58. Neighbourhoods and Health: An Overview. Macintyre S, Ellaway A, Neighbourhoods and Health Oxford: Oxford University Press, Kawachi I, Berkman L, 2003
59. Area, Class and Health-Should We Be Focusing on Places or People. Macintyre S, Maciver S, Sooman A, J Soc Policy 1993 22 2 213 34 10.1017/S0047279400019310 (Pubitemid 23371158)
60. Are socially disadvantaged neighbourhoods deprived of health-related community resources? Pearce J, Witten K, Hiscock R, Blakely T, Int J Epidemiol 2007 36 2 348 55 10.1093/ije/dyl267 17182634 (Pubitemid 47062852)
61. Contribution of neighbourhood socioeconomic status and physical activity resources to physical activity among women. Lee RE, Cubbin C, Winkleby M, J Epidemiol Community Health 2007 61 10 882 90 10.1136/jech.2006.054098 17873224 (Pubitemid 47492938)
62. Effect of exposure to natural environment on health inequalities: an observational population study. Mitchell R, Popham F, Lancet 2008 372 9650 1655 60 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61689-X 18994663
63. Built environment correlates of walking: a review. Saelens BE, Handy SL, Med Sci Sports Exerc 2008 40 7 Suppl 550 66 18562973
64. Environmental correlates of walking and cycling: findings from the transportation, urban design, and planning literatures. Saelens BE, Sallis JF, Frank LD, Ann Behav Med 2003 25 2 80 91 10.1207/S15324796ABM2502-03 12704009 (Pubitemid 36588478)
65. The association of neighborhood design and recreational environments with physical activity. Atkinson JL, Sallis JF, Saelens BE, Cain KL, Black JB, Am J Health Promot 2005 19 4 304 9 15768925 (Pubitemid 40333350)
66. Linking objectively measured physical activity with objectively measured urban form: findings from SMARTRAQ. Frank LD, Schmid TL, Sallis JF, Chapman J, Saelens BE, Am J Prev Med 2005 28 2 Suppl 2 117 25 15694519 (Pubitemid 40203434)
67. The neighborhood and home environments: disparate relationships with physical activity and sedentary behaviors in youth. Roemmich JN, Epstein LH, Raja S, Yin L, Ann Behav Med 2007 33 1 29 38 10.1207/s15324796abm3301-4 17291168
68. Association of neighborhood design and recreation environment variables with physical activity and body mass index in adolescents. Kligerman M, Sallis JF, Ryan S, Frank LD, Nader PR, Am J Health Promot 2007 21 4 274 7 17375494 (Pubitemid 46417563)
69. Self-efficacy and environmental correlates of physical activity among older women and women with multiple sclerosis. Morris KS, McAuley E, Motl RW, Health Educ Res 2008 23 4 744 52 17962232 (Pubitemid 351989714)
70. The effects of neighborhood density and street connectivity on walking behavior: the Twin Cities walking study. Oakes JM, Forsyth A, Schmitz KH, Epidemiol Perspect Innov 2007 4 16 10.1186/1742-5573-4-16 18078510 (Pubitemid 351207878)
71. Age differences in the relation of perceived neighborhood environment to walking. Shigematsu R, Sallis JF, Conway TL, Saelens BE, Frank LD, Cain KL, et al. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2009 41 2 314 21 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318185496c 19127195
72. Exploring associations between physical activity and perceived and objective measures of the built environment. McGinn AP, Evenson KR, Herring AH, Huston SL, Rodriguez DA, J Urban Health 2007 84 2 162 84 10.1007/s11524-006- 9136-4 17273926 (Pubitemid 46425397)
73. Obesity relationships with community design, physical activity, and time spent in cars. Frank LD, Andresen MA, Schmid TL, Am J Prev Med 2004 27 2 87 96 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.04.011 15261894 (Pubitemid 38942937)
74. Psychosocial and environmental factors associated with physical activity among city dwellers in regional Queensland. Duncan M, Mummery K, Prev Med 2005 40 4 363 72 10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.06.017 15530589 (Pubitemid 39458056)
75. Active versus passive transportation to school-differences in screen time, socio-economic position and perceived environmental characteristics in adolescent girls. Mota J, Gomes H, Almeida M, Ribeiro JC, Carvalho J, Santos MP, Ann Hum Biol 2007 34 3 273 82 10.1080/03014460701308615 17612859 (Pubitemid 47038240)
76. Examining the relationships among built environment, physical activity, and body mass index in El Paso, TX. Rutt CD, Coleman KJ, Prev Med 2005 40 6 831 41 10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.09.035 15850885 (Pubitemid 40591847)
77. Neighborhood risk factors for obesity. Lopez RP, Obesity 2007 15 8 2111 9 10.1038/oby.2007.251 17712130 (Pubitemid 47402244)
78. The urban built environment and obesity in New York City: a multilevel analysis. Rundle A, Roux AV, Free LM, Miller D, Neckerman KM, Weiss CC, Am J Health Promot 2007 21 4 Suppl 326 34 17465178 (Pubitemid 46411270)
79. Walkability and body mass index density, design, and new diversity measures. Smith KR, Brown BB, Yamada I, Kowaleski-Jones L, Zick CD, Fan JX, Am J Prev Med 2008 35 3 237 44 10.1016/j.amepre.2008.05.028 18692736
80. Neighborhoods and obesity in later life. Grafova IB, Freedman VA, Kumar R, Rogowski J, Am J Public Health 2008 98 11 2065 71 10.2105/AJPH.2007.127712 18799770
81. How does the built environment relate to body mass index and obesity prevalence among public housing residents? Heinrich KM, Lee RE, Regan GR, Reese-Smith JY, Howard HH, Haddock CK, Poston WS, Ahluwalia JS, Am J Health Promot 2008 22 3 187 94 10.4278/ajhp.22.3.187 18251120
82. Regional differences in walking frequency and BMI: what role does the built environment play for Blacks and Whites? Scott MM, Dubowitz T, Cohen DA, Health Place 2009 15 3 882 7 19345134
83. Neighbourhoods and health: a GIS approach to measuring community resource accessibility. Pearce J, Witten K, Bartie P, J Epidemiol Community Health 2006 60 5 389 95 10.1136/jech.2005.043281 16614327
84. Regional and urban-rural variations in the association of neighbourhood deprivation with community resource access: a national study. Pearce J, Witten K, Hiscock R, Blakely T, Environment and Planning A 2008 40 10 2469 89 10.1068/a409
85. Neighbourhood access to open spaces and the physical activity of residents: a national study. Witten K, Hiscock R, Pearce J, Blakely T, Prev Med 2008 47 3 299 303 10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.04.010 18533242
86. Travel behavior and objectively measured urban design variables: associations for adults traveling to work. Badland HM, Schofield GM, Garrett N, Health Place 2008 14 1 85 95 10.1016/j.healthplace.2007.05.002 17590378 (Pubitemid 47600665)
87. The environment and physical activity: The influence of psychosocial, perceived and built environmental factors. Maddison R, Vander Hoorn S, Jiang Y, Ni Mhurchu C, Exeter D, Dorey E, Bullen C, Utter J, Schaaf D, Turley M, Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2009 6 19 10.1186/1479-5868-6-19 19331652
88. Built environment and health behaviors among African Americans: a systematic review. Casagrande SS, Whitt-Glover MC, Lancaster KJ, Odoms-Young AM, Gary TL, Am J Prev Med 2009 36 2 174 81 10.1016/j.amepre.2008.09.037 19135908
89. The geography of ethnic residential segregation: a comparative study of five countries. Johnston R, Poulsen M, Forrest J, Annals of the Association of American Geographers 2007 97 4 713 38 10.1111/j.1467-8306.2007.00579.x (Pubitemid 350142139)
90. Ethnic spatial segregation and tobacco consumption: a multi-level repeated cross-sectional analysis of smoking prevalence in urban New Zealand., 1981-1996. Moon G, Barnett R, Pearce J, Environment and Planning A 2010 42 469 86 10.1068/a41292
91. The built environment and its relationship to the public's health: the legal framework. Perdue WC, Stone LA, Gostin LO, Am J Public Health 2003 93 9 1390 4 10.2105/AJPH.93.9.1390 12948949 (Pubitemid 38477655)
92. Preventing childhood obesity: a solution-oriented research paradigm. Robinson TN, Sirard JR, American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2005 28 2 Suppl 2 194 201 15694528 (Pubitemid 40203442)