Sex differences in subclinical atherosclerosis by race/ethnicity in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis

American Journal of Epidemiology

Volumn 174, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 165-172

  Kim, Catherine ^a   Diez Roux, Ana V ^a   Nettleton, Jennifer A ^b,c   Polak, Joseph F ^d   Post, Wendy S ^e,f   Siscovick, David S ^g   Watson, Karol E ^h   Vahratian, Anjel M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS   (United States)

^d TUFTS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^e JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^f JOHNS HOPKINS BLOOMBERG SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^g UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^h UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

calcification, physiologic; continental population groups; coronary vessels; sex; social class

Indexed keywords

ADULT; CALCIFICATION; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; DISEASE PREVALENCE; ETHNIC GROUP; ETHNICITY; HEALTH RISK; MORTALITY; PSYCHOLOGY; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RISK FACTOR; SEX-RELATED DIFFERENCE; SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS;

ADULT; ARTERIAL WALL THICKNESS; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; BEHAVIOR; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CORONARY ARTERY CALCIFICATION; DIET; ETHNICITY; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PREVALENCE; PSYCHOSOCIAL ENVIRONMENT; SEX DIFFERENCE; SOCIOECONOMICS;

AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CALCINOSIS; CAROTID ARTERIES; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS; SEX FACTORS; TUNICA INTIMA;

EID: 79960548745     PISSN: 00029262     EISSN: 14766256     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwr088     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Kannel WB. Blood pressure as a cardiovascular risk factor: prevention and treatment. JAMA. 1996;275(20):1571-1576. (Pubitemid 26154243)
2. Ho J, Paultre F, Mosca L. The gender gap in coronary heart disease mortality: is there a difference between blacks and whites? Data from the U.S. Cohorts Pooling Project. J Womens Health. 2005;14(2):117-127. (Pubitemid 40567989)
3. Wild SH, Laws A, Fortmann SP, et al. Mortality from coronary heart disease and stroke for six ethnic groups in California, 1985-1990. Ann Epidemiol. 1995;5(6):432-439.
4. Arnold AM, Psaty BM, Kuller LH, et al. Incidence of cardiovascular disease in older Americans: the Cardiovascular Health Study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005;53(2):211-218. (Pubitemid 41632546)
5. Douglas P, Ginsburg G. The evaluation of chest pain in women. N Engl J Med. 1996;334(20):1311-1315. (Pubitemid 126621808)
6. Rathore SS, Chen J, Wang Y, et al. Sex differences in cardiac catheterization: the role of physician gender. JAMA. 2001; 286(22):2849-2856. (Pubitemid 33126928)
7. Eysmann SB, Douglas PS. Reperfusion and revascularization strategies for coronary artery disease in women. JAMA. 1992; 268(14):1903-1907.
8. Bild DE, Bluemke DA, Burke GL, et al. Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis: objectives and design. Am J Epidemiol. 2002; 156(9):871-881. (Pubitemid 35215769)
9. Carr JJ, Nelson JC, Wong ND, et al. Calcified coronary artery plaque measurement with cardiac CT in population-based studies: standardized protocol of Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) and Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Radiology. 2005;234(1): 35-43. (Pubitemid 39658367)
10. Breen JF, Sheedy PF II, Schwartz RS, et al. Coronary artery calcification detected with ultrafast CT as an indication of coronary artery disease. Radiology. 1992;185(2):435-439.
11. Yaghoubi S, Tang W, Wang S, et al. Offline assessment of atherosclerotic coronary calcium from electron beam tomograms. Am J Card Imaging. 1995;9(4):231-236.
12. Agatston AS, Janowitz WR, Hildner FJ, et al. Quantification of coronary artery calcium using ultrafast computed tomography. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1990;15(4):827-832. (Pubitemid 20101575)
13. O'Leary DH, Polak JF, Wolfson SK Jr, et al. Use of sonography to evaluate carotid atherosclerosis in the elderly. The Cardiovascular Health Study. CHS Collaborative Research Group. Stroke. 1991;22(9):1155-1163.
14. Friedewald WT, Levy RI, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem. 1972;18(6):499-502.
15. Nettleton JA, Steffen LM, Ni H, et al. Dietary patterns and risk of incident type 2 diabetes in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Diabetes Care. 2008;31(9): 1777-1782.
16. Irwin ML, Mayer-Davis EJ, Addy CL, et al. Moderateintensity physical activity and fasting insulin levels in women: the Cross-Cultural Activity Participation Study. Diabetes Care. 2000;23(4):449-454. (Pubitemid 30185785)
17. Radloff LS. The CES-D Scale: self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Appl Psychol Meas. 1977; 1(3):385-401.
18. Spielberger CD. Preliminary Manual for the State-Trait Personality Inventory. Tampa, FL: Center for Research in Behavioral Medicine and Health Psychology, University of South Florida; 1979.
19. Bromberger JT, Matthews KA. A longitudinal study of the effects of pessimism, trait anxiety, and life stress on depressive symptoms in middle-aged women. Psychol Aging. 1996;11(2): 207-213. (Pubitemid 26232981)
20. Lemelin ET, Diez Roux AV, Franklin TG, et al. Life-course socioeconomic positions and subclinical atherosclerosis in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Soc Sci Med. 2009; 68(3):444-451.
21. Lumley T, Diehr P, Emerson S, et al. The importance of the normality assumption in large public health data sets. Annu Rev Public Health. 2002;23:151-169. (Pubitemid 34508071)
22. Bild DE, Folsom AR, Lowe LP, et al. Prevalence and correlates of coronary calcification in black and white young adults: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2001;21(5):852-857. (Pubitemid 32448779)
23. Folsom AR, Kronmal RA, Detrano RC, et al. Coronary artery calcification compared with carotid intima-media thickness in the prediction of cardiovascular disease incidence: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Arch Intern Med. 2008;168(12):1333-1339. (Pubitemid 351930841)
24. Kiel DP, Kauppila LI, Cupples LA, et al. Bone loss and the progression of abdominal aortic calcification over a 25 year period: the Framingham Heart Study. Calcif Tissue Int. 2001; 68(5):271-276. (Pubitemid 32565728)
25. Finkelstein JS, Brockwell SE, Mehta V, et al. Bone mineral density changes during the menopause transition in a multiethnic cohort of women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008;93(3): 861-868. (Pubitemid 351398564)
26. Young KA, Snell-Bergeon JK, Naik RG, et al. Vitamin D deficiency and coronary artery calcification in subjects with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2011;34(2):454-458.
27. Ginde AA, Liu MC, Camargo CA Jr. Demographic differences and trends of vitamin D insufficiency in the US population, 1988-2004. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169(6):626-632.
28. Jeon GH, Kim SH, Yun SC, et al. Association between serum estradiol level and coronary artery calcification in postmenopausal women. Menopause. 2010;17(5):902-907.
29. Manson JE, Allison MA, Rossouw JE, et al. Estrogen therapy and coronary-artery calcification. N Engl J Med. 2007; 356(25):2591-2602. (Pubitemid 46961004)
30. Randolph JF Jr, Zheng H, Sowers MFR, et al. Change in follicle-stimulating hormone and estradiol across the menopausal transition: effect of age at the final menstrual period. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011;96(3):746-754.