A biogeographical perspective on ecological systems: Some personal reflections

Journal of Biogeography

Volumn 38, Issue 11, 2011, Pages 2045-2056

  Ricklefs, Robert E ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI ST LOUIS   (United States)

Author keywords

Age and area; Community assembly; Host pathogen coevolution; John C. Willis; Phylogenetic effects; Phylogeography; Range size; Taxon cycle; West Indies

Indexed keywords

ABUNDANCE; ANT; ANTAGONISM; ASSEMBLY RULE; BIRD; COEVOLUTION; ECOLOGICAL APPROACH; ENDEMIC SPECIES; FIELDWORK; GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION; HABITAT STRUCTURE; PATHOGEN; PHYLOGENETICS; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; PHYTOGEOGRAPHY; RANGE EXPANSION; RANGE SIZE; RESEARCH PROGRAM; SPECIALIZATION; TAXONOMY; THEORETICAL STUDY;

CARIBBEAN ISLANDS;

AVES; FORMICIDAE;

EID: 79960522244     PISSN: 03050270     EISSN: 13652699     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02520.x     Document Type: Article

References (139)

1. Apanius, V., Yorinks, N., Bermingham, E. & Ricklefs, R.E. (2000) Island and taxon effects in parasitism and resistance of Lesser Antillean birds. Ecology, 81, 1959-1969.
2. Bock, C.E. & Ricklefs, R.E. (1983) Range size and local abundance of some North American songbirds: a positive correlation. The American Naturalist, 122, 295-299.
3. Bond, J. (1956) Checklist of birds of the West Indies. Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA.
4. Brown, J.H. (1984) On the relationship between the abundance and distribution of species. The American Naturalist, 124, 255-279.
5. Brown, J.H. (1995) Macroecology. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
6. Brown, J.H. (1999) The legacy of Robert MacArthur: from geographical ecology to macroecology. Journal of Mammalogy, 80, 333-344.
7. Brown, W.L., Jr (1957) Centrifugal speciation. Quarterly Review of Biology, 32, 247-277.
8. Brown, W.L., Jr & Wilson, E.O. (1956) Character displacement. Systematic Zoology, 5, 49-64.
9. Cavender-Bares, J., Kozak, K., Fine, P. & Kembel, S. (2009) The merging of community ecology and phylogenetic biology. Ecology Letters, 12, 693-715.
10. Chase, J.M. & Leibold, M.A. (2003) Ecological niches: linking classical and contemporary approaches. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
11. Cherry, J.L., Adler, F.R. & Johnson, K.P. (2002) Islands, equilibria, and speciation. Science, 296, 975a.
12. Clark, J.S. (2010) Individuals and the variation needed for high species diversity in forest trees. Science, 327, 1129-1132.
13. Cody, M.L. (1974) Competition and the structure of bird communities. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
14. Cody, M.L. & Mooney, H.A. (1978) Convergence versus nonconvergence in Mediterranean-climate ecosystems. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 9, 265-321.
15. Connell, J.H. (1961) The influence of interspecific competition and other factors on the distribution of the barnacle Chthamalus stellatus. Ecology, 42, 710-723.
16. Connell, J.H. (1973) Community interactions on marine rocky intertidal shores. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 31, 169-192.
17. Connell, J.H. (1978) Diversity in tropical rain forests and coral reefs. Science, 199, 1302-1310.
18. Connor, E.F. & Simberloff, D. (1979) The assembly of species communities: chance or competition? Ecology, 60, 1132-1140.
19. Cornell, H.V. (1985a) Local and regional richness of cynipine gall wasps on California oaks. Ecology, 66, 1247-1260.
20. Cornell, H.V. (1985b) Species assemblages of cynipid gall wasps are not saturated. The American Naturalist, 126, 565-569.
21. Cornell, H.V. & Lawton, J.H. (1992) Species interactions, local and regional processes, and limits to the richness of ecological communities: a theoretical perspective. Journal of Animal Ecology, 61, 1-12.
22. Cox, G.W. & Ricklefs, R.E. (1977) Species diversity, ecological release, and community structuring in Caribbean land bird faunas. Oikos, 29, 60-66.
23. Darlington, P.J., Jr (1957) Zoogeography: the geographical distribution of animals. Wiley, New York.
24. Dexter, K.G. (2010) The influence of dispersal on macroecological patterns of Lesser Antillean birds. Journal of Biogeography, 37, 2137-2147.
25. Dillon, L.S. (1966) The life cycle of the species: an extension of current concepts. Systematic Zoology, 15, 112-126.
26. Dobson, A. & Crawley, W. (1994) Pathogens and the structure of plant communities. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 9, 393-398.
27. Fallon, S.M., Bermingham, E. & Ricklefs, R.E. (2003) Island and taxon effects in parasitism revisited: avian malaria in the Lesser Antilles. Evolution, 57, 606-615.
28. Gaston, K.J. (1998) Species-range size distributions: products of speciation, extinction and transformation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 353, 219-230.
29. Gaston, K.J. (2003) The structure and dynamics of geographic ranges. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
30. Gaston, K.J. & Blackburn, T.M. (2000) Pattern and process in macroecology. Blackwell Science, Oxford.
31. Gause, G.F. (1934) The struggle for existence. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, MD.
32. Gleason, H.A. (1924) Age and Area from the viewpoint of phytogeography. American Journal of Botany, 11, 541-546.
33. Gleason, H.A. (1926) The individualistic concept of the plant association. Torrey Botanical Club Bulletin, 53, 7-26.
34. Grant, P.R. (1972) Convergent and divergent character displacement. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 4, 39-68.
35. Grant, P.R. (1986) Ecology and evolution of Darwin's finches. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
36. Greenslade, P.J.M. (1968) Island patterns in the Solomon Islands bird fauna. Evolution, 22, 751-761.
37. Hardin, G. (1960) The competitive exclusion principle. Science, 131, 1292-1297.
38. Harrison, S. & Cornell, H. (2008) Toward a better understanding of the regional causes of local community richness. Ecology Letters, 11, 969-979.
39. Hillebrand, H. & Blenckner, T. (2002) Regional and local impact on species diversity - from pattern to process. Oecologia, 132, 479-491.
40. Holt, R.D. (2006) Emergent neutrality. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 21, 531-533.
41. Hubbell, S.P. (2001) The unified neutral theory of biodiversity and biogeography. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
42. Hugueny, B., Demorais, L.T., Merigoux, S., Demerona, B. & Ponton, D. (1997) The relationship between local and regional species richness: comparing biotas with different evolutionary histories. Oikos, 80, 583-587.
43. Hutchinson, G.E. (1957) Concluding remarks. Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology, 22, 415-427.
44. Janzen, D.H. (1970) Herbivores and the number of tree species in tropical forests. American Naturalist, 104, 501-528.
45. Johnson, K.P., Adler, F.R. & Cherry, J.L. (2000) Genetic and phylogenetic consequences of island biogeography. Evolution, 54, 387-396.
46. Karr, J.R. (1976) Within- and between-habitat avian diversity in African and neotropical lowland habitats. Ecological Monographs, 46, 457-481.
47. Kingsland, S.E. (1985) Modeling nature: episodes in the history of population ecology. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
48. Klironomos, J.N. (2003) Variation in plant response to native and exotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Ecology, 84, 2292-2301.
49. Lack, D. (1947) Darwin's finches. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
50. Lack, D. (1971) Ecological isolation in birds. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
51. Lack, D. (1976) Island biology illustrated by the land birds of Jamaica. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
52. Latham, R.E. & Ricklefs, R.E. (1993a) Continental comparisons of temperate-zone tree species diversity. Species diversity: historical and geographical perspectives (ed. by R.E. Ricklefs and D. Schluter ), pp. 294-314. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
53. Latham, R.E. & Ricklefs, R.E. (1993b) Global patterns of tree species richness in moist forests: energy-diversity theory does not account for variation in species richness. Oikos, 67, 325-333.
54. Lawton, J.H. (1982) Vacant niches and unsaturated communities: a comparison of bracken herbivores at sites on two continents. Journal of Animal Ecology, 51, 573-595.
55. Lomolino, M.V. & Brown, J.H. (2009) The reticulating phylogeny of island biogeography theory. Quarterly Review of Biology, 84, 357-390.
56. MacArthur, R.H. (1972) Geographical ecology: patterns in the distribution of species. Harper and Row, New York.
57. MacArthur, R.H. & Levins, R. (1967) The limiting similarity, convergence, and divergence of coexisting species. The American Naturalist, 101, 377-385.
58. MacArthur, R.H. & Wilson, E.O. (1963) An equilibrium theory of insular zoogeography. Evolution, 17, 373-387.
59. MacArthur, R.H. & Wilson, E.O. (1967) The theory of island biogeography. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
60. Matthew, W.D. (1915) Climate and evolution. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 24, 171-318.
61. McGill, B.J., Enquist, B.J., Weiher, E. & Westoby, M.W. (2006) Rebuilding community ecology from functional traits. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 21, 178-185.
62. McNaughton, S.J. & Wolf, L.L. (1970) Dominance and the niche in ecological systems. Science, 167, 131-139.
63. Miles, D.B. & Ricklefs, R.E. (1984) The correlation between ecology and morphology in deciduous forest passerine birds. Ecology, 65, 1629-1640.
64. Paine, R.T. (1974) Intertidal community structure: experimental studies on the relationship between a dominant competitor and its principal predator. Oecologia, 15, 93-120.
65. Pearson, D.L. (1977) A pantropical comparison of bird community structure on six lowland forest sites. Condor, 79, 232-244.
66. Pearson, E.S. (1923) Natural selection and the age and area theory of Dr. J. C. Willis. Biometrika, 15, 89-108.
67. Pianka, E.R. (1973) The structure of lizard communities. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 4, 53-74.
68. Pielou, E.C. (1979) Biogeography. Wiley, New York.
69. Pimentel, D. (1961) Animal population regulation by the genetic feedback mechanism. The American Naturalist, 95, 65-79.
70. Pimentel, D. (1968) Population regulation and genetic feedback. Science, 159, 1432-1437.
71. Pitman, N.C.A., Terborgh, J.W., Silman, M.R., Núñez, P., Neill, D.A., Ceron, C.E., Palacios, W.A. & Aulestia, M. (2001) Dominance and distribution of tree species in upper Amazonian terra firme forests. Ecology, 82, 2101-2117.
72. Poulin, R. (2007) Evolutionary ecology of parasites, 2nd edn. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
73. Poulin, R. & Morand, S. (2000) The diversity of parasites. Quarterly Review of Biology, 75, 277-293.
74. Pregill, G.K. & Olson, S.L. (1981) Zoogeography of West Indian vertebrates in relation to Pleistocene climatic cycles. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 12, 75-98.
75. Qian, H. & Ricklefs, R.E. (2000) Large-scale processes and the Asian bias in species diversity of temperate plants. Nature, 407, 180-182.
76. Qian, H. & Ricklefs, R.E. (2006) The role of exotic species in homogenizing the North American flora. Ecology Letters, 9, 1293-1298.
77. Ricklefs, R.E. (1968) Patterns of growth in birds. Ibis, 110, 419-451.
78. Ricklefs, R.E. (1970) Stage of taxon cycle and distribution of birds on Jamaica, Greater Antilles. Evolution, 24, 475-477.
79. Ricklefs, R.E. (1972) Dominance and the niche in bird communities. The American Naturalist, 106, 538-545.
80. Ricklefs, R.E. (1983) Comparative avian demography. Current Ornithology, 1, 1-32.
81. Ricklefs, R.E. (1987) Community diversity: relative roles of local and regional processes. Science, 235, 167-171.
82. Ricklefs, R.E. (1991) Structures and transformations of life histories. Functional Ecology, 5, 174-183.
83. Ricklefs, R.E. (1993) Sibling competition, hatching asynchrony, incubation period, and lifespan in altricial birds. Current Ornithology, 11, 199-276.
84. Ricklefs, R.E. (1996) Avian energetics, ecology, and evolution. Avian energetics and nutritional ecology (ed. by C. Carey ), pp. 1-30. Chapman and Hall, New York.
85. Ricklefs, R.E. (2000) The relationship between local and regional species richness in birds of the Caribbean Basin. Journal of Animal Ecology, 69, 1111-1116.
86. Ricklefs, R.E. (2007) History and diversity: explorations at the intersection of ecology and evolution. The American Naturalist, 170, S56-S70.
87. Ricklefs, R.E. (2008) Disintegration of the ecological community. The American Naturalist, 172, 741-750.
88. Ricklefs, R.E. (2009) Speciation, extinction, and diversity. Speciation and patterns of diversity (ed. by R. Butlin, J. Bridle and D. Schluter ), pp. 257-277. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
89. Ricklefs, R.E. (2010a) Evolutionary diversification, coevolution between populations and their antagonists, and the filling of niche space. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 107, 1265-1272.
90. Ricklefs, R.E. (2010b) Host-pathogen coevolution, secondary sympatry, and species diversification. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 365, 1139-1147.
91. Ricklefs, R.E. (2011) Applying a regional community concept to forest birds of eastern North America. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 108, 2300-2305.
92. Ricklefs, R.E. & Bermingham, E. (1999) Taxon cycles in the Lesser Antillean avifauna. Ostrich, 70, 49-59.
93. Ricklefs, R.E. & Bermingham, E. (2001) Nonequilibrium diversity dynamics of the Lesser Antillean avifauna. Science, 294, 1522-1524.
94. Ricklefs, R.E. & Bermingham, E. (2002) The concept of the taxon cycle in biogeography. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 11, 353-361.
95. Ricklefs, R.E. & Bermingham, E. (2004a) Application of Johnson et al.'s speciation threshold model to apparent colonization times of island biotas. Evolution, 58, 1664-1673.
96. Ricklefs, R.E. & Bermingham, E. (2004b) History and the species-area relationship in Lesser Antillean birds. The American Naturalist, 163, 227-239.
97. Ricklefs, R.E. & Bermingham, E. (2007) The causes of evolutionary radiations in archipelagoes: passerine birds in the Lesser Antilles. The American Naturalist, 169, 285-297.
98. Ricklefs, R.E. & Bermingham, E. (2008) The West Indies as a laboratory of ecology and evolution. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 363, 2393-2413.
99. Ricklefs, R.E. & Cox, G.W. (1972) Taxon cycles in the West Indian avifauna. The American Naturalist, 106, 195-219.
100. Ricklefs, R.E. & Cox, G.W. (1978) Stage of taxon cycle, habitat distribution, and population density in the avifauna of the West Indies. The American Naturalist, 112, 875-895.
101. Ricklefs, R.E. & Hainsworth, F.R. (1968) Temperature dependent behavior of the cactus wren. Ecology, 49, 227-233.
102. Ricklefs, R.E. & Latham, R.E. (1993) Global patterns of diversity in mangrove floras. Species diversity in ecological communities: historical and geographical perspectives (ed. by R.E. Ricklefs and D. Schluter ), pp. 215-229. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
103. Ricklefs, R.E. & Miles, D.B. (1994) Ecological and evolutionary inferences from morphology: an ecological perspective. Ecological morphology: integrative organismal biology (ed. by P.C. Wainwright and S.M. Reilly ), pp. 13-41. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
104. Ricklefs, R.E. & Schluter, D. (eds) (1993) Species diversity in ecological communities: historical and geographical perspectives. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
105. Sax, D.F. (2002) Native and naturalized plant diversity are positively correlated in scrub communities of California and Chile. Diversity and Distributions, 8, 193-210.
106. Sax, D.F. & Brown, J.H. (2000) The paradox of invasion. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 9, 363-371.
107. Sax, D.F., Brown, J.H., White, E.P. & Gaines, S.D. (2005) The dynamics of species invasions. Insights into the mechanisms that limit species diversity. Species invasions: insights into ecology, evolution, and biogeography (ed. by D.F. Sax, J.J. Stachowicz and S.D. Gaines ), pp. 446-465. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA.
108. Scheuerlein, A. & Ricklefs, R.E. (2004) Prevalence of blood parasites in European passeriform birds. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 271, 1363-1370.
109. Schoener, T.W. (1983) Field experiments on interspecific competition. The American Naturalist, 122, 240-285.
110. Schonland, S. (1924) On the theory of 'Age and Area'. Annals of Botany, 38, 453-472.
111. Seutin, G., Klein, N.K., Ricklefs, R.E. & Bermingham, E. (1994) Historical biogeography of the bananaquit (Coereba flaveola) in the Caribbean region: a mitochondrial DNA assessment. Evolution, 48, 1041-1061.
112. Shmida, A. & Wilson, M.V. (1985) Biological determinants of species diversity. Journal of Biogeography, 12, 1-20.
113. Silvertown, J., Dodd, M., Gowing, D., Lawson, C. & McConway, K. (2006) Phylogeny and the hierarchical organization of plant diversity. Ecology, 87, S39-S49.
114. Simberloff, D. (1980) A succession of paradigms in ecology: essentialism to materialism and probabilism. Synthese, 43, 3-39.
115. Simberloff, D. & Boecklen, W. (1981) Santa Rosalia reconsidered: size ratios and competition. Evolution, 35, 1206-1228.
116. Simpson, G.G. (1953) The major features of evolution. Columbia University Press, New York.
117. Srivastava, D. (1999) Using local-regional richness plots to test for species saturation: pitfalls and potentials. Journal of Animal Ecology, 68, 1-16.
118. Terborgh, J., Robinson, S.K., Parker, T.A., III, Munn, C.A. & Pierpont, N. (1990) Structure and organization of an Amazonian forest bird community. Ecological Monographs, 60, 213-238.
119. Terborgh, J.W. & Faaborg, J. (1980) Saturation of bird assemblages in the West Indies. The American Naturalist, 116, 178-195.
120. Tilman, D. (1982) Resource competition and community structure. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
121. Torchin, M.E., Lafferty, K.D., Dobson, A.P., McKenzie, V.J. & Kuris, A.M. (2003) Introduced species and their missing parasites. Nature, 421, 628-630.
122. Vandermeer, J.H. (1969) The competitive structure of communities: an experimental approach with protozoa. Ecology, 50, 362-371.
123. Vandermeer, J.H. (1972) Niche theory. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 3, 107-132.
124. Wallace, A.R. (1876) The geographical distribution of animals. Hafner (reprint 1962), New York.
125. Webb, C.O., Ackerly, D.D., McPeek, M.A. & Donoghue, M.J. (2002) Phylogenies and community ecology. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 33, 475-505.
126. Webb, T.J. & Gaston, K.J. (2000) Geographic range size and evolutionary age in birds. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 267, 1843-1850.
127. Weiher, E. & Keddy, P. (eds) (1999) Ecological assembly rules: perspectives, advances, retreats. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
128. Whittaker, R.H. (1953) A consideration of climax theory: the climax as a population and pattern. Ecological Monographs, 23, 41-78.
129. Whittaker, R.H. (1965) Dominance and diversity in land plant communities. Science, 147, 250-260.
130. Whittaker, R.H. (1967) Gradient analysis of vegetation. Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, 42, 207-264.
131. Wiens, J.A. (1977) On competition and variable environments. American Scientist, 65, 590-597.
132. Wiens, J.A. (1984) On understanding a non-equilibrium world: myth and reality in community patterns and processes. Ecological communities: conceptual issues and the evidence (ed. by D.R. Strong Jr, D. Simberloff, L.G. Abele and A.B. Thistle ), pp. 439-457. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J.
133. Willis, J.C. (1915) The endemic flora of Ceylon, with reference to geographical distribution and evolution in general. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 206, 307-342.
134. Willis, J.C. (1922) Age and area: a study in geographical distribution and origin of species. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
135. Wilson, E.O. (1959) Adaptive shift and dispersal in a tropical ant fauna. Evolution, 13, 122-144.
136. Wilson, E.O. (1961) The nature of the taxon cycle in the Melanesian ant fauna. The American Naturalist, 95, 169-193.
137. Wilson, E.O. (1994) Naturalist. Island Press, Washington, DC.
138. Wright, S.J. (1980) Density compensation in island avifaunas. Oecologia, 45, 385-389.
139. Zobel, M. (1992) Plant species coexistence: the role of historical, evolutionary and ecological factors. Oikos, 65, 314-320.