Organics@metals as the basis for a silver/doped-silver electrochemical cell

Chemistry of Materials

Volumn 23, Issue 14, 2011, Pages 3289-3295

  Sinai, Ofer ^a   Avnir, David ^a  

^a HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM   (Israel)

Author keywords

cyclic voltammetry; organics@metals; potentiometry

Indexed keywords

CONGO-RED; ELECTRODE BEHAVIOR; ELECTRODE SURFACES; EXTERNAL CIRCUITS; ORGANIC DOPANTS; ORGANICS; POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE; POTENTIOMETRY; REDUCTION CURRENT; SILVER ELECTRODE; SILVER IONS;

CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY; DOPING (ADDITIVES); ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS; ELECTROLYTIC CELLS; METAL IONS; METALS; ORGANIC LIGHT EMITTING DIODES (OLED); POTENTIOMETERS (ELECTRIC MEASURING INSTRUMENTS);

ELECTROCHEMICAL ELECTRODES;

EID: 79960478885     PISSN: 08974756     EISSN: 15205002     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/cm2000655     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Behar-Levy, H.; Avnir, D. Entrapment of organic molecules within metals: Dyes in silver Chem. Mater. 2002, 14, 1736-1741
2. Neouze, M.-A.; Litschauer, M. Confinement of 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Nitrate in Metallic Silver J. Phys. Chem. B 2008, 112, 16721-16725
3. Ben-Knaz, R.; Avnir, D. Bioactive enzyme-metal composites: The entrapment of acid phosphatase within gold and silver Biomaterials 2009, 30, 1263-1267
4. Duran Pachon, L.; Yosef, I.; Markus, T. Z.; Naaman, R.; Avnir, D.; Rothenberg, G. Chiral imprinting of palladium with cinchona alkaloids Nat. Chem. 2009, 1, 160-164
5. Nesher, G.; Aylien, M.; Sandaki, G.; Avnir, D.; Marom, G. Polyaniline Entrapped in Silver: Structural Properties and Electrical Conductivity Adv. Funct. Mater. 2009, 19, 1293-1298
6. Sinai, O.; Avnir, D. Electrolytical Entrapment of Organic Molecules within Metals J. Phys. Chem. B 2009, 113, 13901-13909
7. Ben-Knaz, R.; Pedahzur, R.; Avnir, D. A Concept in Bactericidal Materials: The Entrapment of Chlorhexidine within Silver Adv. Funct. Mater. 2010, 20, 2324-2329
8. Yosef, I.; Avnir, D. Metal-organic composites: The heterogeneous organic doping of the coin metals-Copper, silver, and gold Chem. Mater. 2006, 18, 5890-5896 (Pubitemid 46079771)
9. Behar-Levy, H.; Avnir, D. Silver doped with acidic/basic polymers: Novel, reactive metallic composites Adv. Funct. Mater. 2005, 15, 1141-1146 (Pubitemid 41042341)
10. Yosef, I.; Abu-Reziq, R.; Avnir, D. Entrapment of an organometallic complex within a metal: A concept for heterogeneous catalysis J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2008, 130, 11880-11882
11. Nesher, G.; Marom, G.; Avnir, D. Metal-Polymer Composites: Synthesis and Characterization of Polyaniline and Other Polymer@Silver Compositions Chem. Mater. 2008, 20, 4425-4432
12. Behar-Levy, H.; Neumann, O.; Naaman, R.; Avnir, D. Chirality induction in bulk gold and silver. Adv. Mater. 2007, 19, 1207.
13. Shter, G. E.; Behar-Levy, H.; Gelman, V.; Grader, G. S.; Avnir, D. Organically doped metals-A new approach to metal catalysis: Enhanced Ag-catalyzed oxidation of methanol Adv. Funct. Mater. 2007, 17, 913-918 (Pubitemid 46750865)
14. Koch, G.; Brongers, M.; Thompson, N.; Virmani, Y.; Payer, J. Corrosion Costs and Preventive Strategies in the United States; Report No. FHWA-RD-01-156; Federal Highway Administration: Washington, DC, 2002.
15. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 87 th ed.; Lide, D. R., Ed.; Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, 2007.
16. Chung, S.; Kim, W.; Park, S. B.; Kim, D. Y.; Lee, S. S. Silver(I)-selective membrane electrodes based on sulfur-containing podands Talanta 1997, 44, 1291-1298 (Pubitemid 27249310)
17. Lim, S. M.; Chung, H. J.; Paeng, K.-J.; Lee, C.-H.; Choi, H. N.; Lee, W.-Y. Calix[2]furano[2]pyrrole and related compounds as the neutral carrier in silver ion-selective electrode Anal. Chim. Acta 2002, 453, 81-88 (Pubitemid 34117547)
18. Badr, I. H. A. A New Neutral Carrier for Silver Ions Based on a Bis(Thiothiazole) Derivative and its Evaluation in Membrane Electrodes Microchim. Acta 2005, 149, 87-94 (Pubitemid 40179102)
19. Tymecki, L.; Zwierkowska, E.; Glab, S.; Koncki, R. Strip thick-film silver ion-selective electrodes Sens. Actuators, B 2003, 96, 482-488
20. Durst, R. A.; Duhart, B. T. Ion-selective electrode study of trace silver ion adsorption on selected surfaces Anal. Chem. 1970, 42, 1002-1004
21. Tani, Y.; Soma, M.; Graf Harsanyi, E.; Umezawa, Y. Effect of dissolved oxygen on the response of Cu(II) ion-selective electrodes in metal buffer solutions Anal. Chim. Acta 1999, 395, 53-63 (Pubitemid 29347199)
22. Meruva, R. K.; Meyerhoff, M. E. Potentiometric oxygen sensing with copper films: Response mechanism and analytical implications Electroanalysis 1995, 7, 1020-1026
23. Bonancea, C. E.; do Nascimento, G. M.; de Souza, M. L.; Temperini, M. L. A.; Corio, P. Substrate development for surface-enhanced Raman study of photocatalytic degradation processes: Congo red over silver modified titanium dioxide films Appl. Catal., B 2006, 69, 34-42 (Pubitemid 44572710)
24. Stanoeva, T.; Neshchadin, D.; Gescheidt, G.; Ludvik, J.; Lajoie, B.; Batchelor, S. N. An investigation into the initial degradation steps of four major dye chromophores: Study of their one-electron oxidation and reduction by EPR, ENDOR, cyclic voltammetry, and theoretical calculations J. Phys. Chem. A 2005, 109, 11103-11109 (Pubitemid 43081396)
25. It has been suggested by a reviewer that the large capacitive current may offer an alternative explanation, namely, that the resistance through the CR@Ag electrode is significantly larger than that of Ag, which would lead to an RC-circuit like behaviour, involving no reduction in solution; this is indeed a valid proposition. However, an order-of-magnitude calculation of the required resistivity leads to values in the range of semiconductor resistivities (∼10 Ohm, meter) for CR@Ag. This is very high, considering the results of Nesher et al.s conductivity measurements of polyaniline@Ag, in which much higher dopant loads (up to 8.5% wt as opposed to 2.6% in our CR@Ag) caused, at most, a 2-order-of-magnitude increase in the resistivity of Ag. (5) Note also that even if the resistance through the electrode is indeed much increased, via alteration of Ags resistivity by doping, or by some fault of electrode construction, it must be increased such that the entire net current observed is more-or-less exactly accounted for, to invalidate our working hypothesis.
26. Gileadi, E. Electrode Kinetics; VCH: New York, 1993.