De-Westernization and the governance of global cultural connectivity: A dialogic approach to East Asian media cultures

Postcolonial Studies

Volumn 13, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 403-419

  Iwabuchi, Koichi ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 79960449687     PISSN: 13688790     EISSN: 14661888     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13688790.2010.518349     Document Type: Article

References (69)

1. James Curran and Myung-Jin Park (eds), De-Westernizing Media Studies, London: Routledge, 2000.
2. John Nguyet Erni and Siew Keng Chua (eds), Asian Media Studies: Politics of Subjectivities, Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2005.
3. Daya Thussu (ed), Internationalizing Media Studies, London: Routledge, 2009.
4. For English-language studies on regional cultural flows and connectivities, see Chris Berry, Jonathan D Mackintosh and Nicola Liscutin (eds), Cultural Studies and Cultural Industries in Northeast Asia: What a Difference a Region Makes, Hong Kong: University of Hong Kong Press, 2009.
5. Youna Kim (ed), Media Consumption and Everyday Life in Asia, New York: Routledge, 2008.
6. On the Korean Wave phenomena, see Chua Beng Huat and Koichi Iwabuchi (eds), East Asian Pop Culture: Approaching the Korean Wave, Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 2008.
7. Cho Hae-Joang, 'Reading the "Korean Wave" as a Sign of Global Shift', Korea Journal 45(4), 2005, pp 147-182.
8. On the popularity of Japanese media cultures, see Koichi Iwabuchi, Recentering Globalization: Popular Culture and Japanese Transnationalism, Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2002.
9. Koichi Iwabuchi (ed), Feeling Asian Modernities: Transnational Consumption of Japanese TV Dramas, Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 2004.
10. Anne Allison, Millennial Monsters: Japanese Toys and the Global Imagination, Berkeley: University of California Press, 2006.
11. Joseph Tobin (ed), Pikachu's Global Adventure: The Rise and Fall of Pokémon, Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2004.
12. On the rise of Chinese media cultures and markets, see Michael Curtin, Playing to the World's Biggest Audience: The Globalization of Chinese Film and TV, Berkeley: University of California Press, 2007.
13. Yuezhi Zhao, Communication in China: Political Economy, Power, and Conflict, Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 2008.
14. Thussu, Internationalizing Media Studies.
15. Jan Erecrantzs, 'Media and Communication Studies Going Global', in Thussu, Internationalizing Media Studies, pp 75-90.
16. Tarik Salby, 'Media and Cultural Studies in the Arab World: Making Bridges to Local Discourses of Modernity', in Thussu, Internationalizing Media Studies, pp 196-213.
17. A prominent example is Meteor Garden (Liuxing Huayuan), a Taiwanese TV drama series adapted from an earlier Japanese comic series. It became very popular in East and Southeast Asia, and Japanese and Korean versions of the TV series were later produced. Regarding media co-productions in East Asia, see Jin Dal Yong and Lee Dong-hoo, 'The Birth of East Asia: Cultural Regionalization through Coproduction Strategies', paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the International Communication Association, San Francisco, CA, 23 May 2007.
18. Albert Moran and Michael Keane (eds), Television Across Asia: Television Industries, Programme Formats and Globalisation, London: RoutledgeCurzon, 2004.
19. See, for example, Chua Beng Huat, 'Conceptualizing an East Asian Popular Culture', Inter-Asia Cultural Studies 5(2), 2004, pp 200-221.
20. See, for example, Iwabuchi, Recentering Globalization.
21. Iwabuchi, Feeling Asian Modernities.
22. Kim, Media Consumption and Everyday Life.
23. Chua and Iwabuchi, East Asian Pop Culture.
24. See Iwabuchi, Recentering Globalization.
25. Koichi Iwabuchi, 'When Korean Wave Meets Resident Koreans in Japan', in Chua and Iwabuchi, East Asian Pop Culture, pp 243-264.
26. Kelly Hu, 'The Power of Circulation: Digital Technologies and the Online Chinese Fans of Japanese TV Drama', Inter-Asia Cultural Studies 6(2), 2005, pp 171-186.
27. Jim McGuigan, 'The Cultural Public Sphere', European Journal of Cultural Studies 8(4), 2005, pp 427-443.
28. See, for example, Stuart Hall, 'The Local and the Global: Globalization and Ethnicity', in Anthony D King (ed), Culture, Globalization, and the World-System: Contemporary Conditions for the Representation of Identity, London: Macmillan, 1991, pp 19-39.
29. Jim McGuigan, Cool Capitalism, London: Pluto Press, 2009.
30. Koichi Iwabuchi, 'How "Japanese" is Pokemon?', in Tobin, Pikachu's Global Adventure, pp 53-79.
31. Anne Allison, Millennial Monsters.
32. It can also be argued that those who are most offended by ongoing Orientalist representations in Japanrelated Hollywood films*such as Memoirs of a Geisha and Lost in Translation*are less people in Japan than ethnic minorities of Japanese/Asian descent in Western countries, for example Asian Americans.
33. See Koichi Iwabuchi, 'Lost in TransNation: Tokyo and the Urban Imaginary in the Era of Globalization', Inter-Asia Cultural Studies 9(4), 2008, pp 543-556.
34. David Hesmondhalgh, 'Neoliberalism, Imperialism, and the Media', in David Hesmondhalgh and Jason Toynbee (eds), The Media and Social Theory, London: Routledge, 2009, pp 95-111.
35. Toby Miller, Nitin Govil, John McMurria, Richard Maxwell and Ting Wang, Global Hollywood 2, London: British Film Institute, 2005.
36. Yoon Aeri, 'In Between the Values of the Global and the National: The Korean Animation Industry', in Berry, Mackintosh and Liscutin, Cultural Studies and Cultural Industries, pp 103-115.
37. See, for example, Laikwan Pang, Cultural Control and Globalization in Asia: Copyright, Piracy and Cinema, London: Routledge, 2006.
38. Otsuka Eiji and Osawa Nobuaki, Japanimation wa naze yabureruka (Why Japanimation should be defeated), Tokyo: Kadokawa shoten, 2005.
39. Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2009, which was issued by the Asian Development Bank, reveals that only 10 Asian countries have an internet usage rate of more than 20 per cent.
40. In my own research on the regional consumption of Japanese and Hong Kong media cultures, I also tend to look at how audiences have become more critical of their own lives and societies, without closely analysing how gender or ethnicity are represented in the original texts.
41. See Iwabuchi, Recentering Globalization; Feeling Asian Modernities; 'When Korean Wave Meets Resident Koreans'.
42. Ulf Hannerz, Transnational Connections: Culture, People, Places, London: Routledge, 1996.
43. Hall, 'The Local and the Global'.
44. Roland Robertson, 'Glocalization: Time-Space and Homogeneity-Heterogeneity', in Mike Featherstone, Roland Robertson and Scott Lash (eds), Global Modernities, London: Sage, 1995, pp 25-44.
45. David Morley and Kevin Robins, Spaces of Identities: Global Media, Electronic Landscapes and Cultural Boundaries, London: Routledge, 1995, p 159.
46. See, for example, Richard Wilk, 'Learning to Be Local in Belize: Global Systems of Common Difference', in Daniel Miller (ed), Worlds Apart: Modernity through the Prism of the Local, London: Routledge, 1995, pp 110-133.
47. John Urry, Global Complexity, London: Polity, 2003, p 87.
48. Michael Billig, Banal Nationalism, London: Sage, 1995.
49. See Koichi Iwabuchi, Bunka no taiwaryoku, Tokyo: Nihon keizai shinbun shuppansha, 2007, pp 31-74.
50. Koichi Iwabuchi, 'Multinationalizing the Multicultural: The Commodification of "Ordinary Foreigners" in a Japanese TV Talk Show', Japanese Studies 25(2), 2005, pp 103-118.
51. Jen Tsen Kwok, Tseen Khoo and Chek Ling, 'Chinese Voices: Tseen Khoo, Jen Tsen Kwok and Chek Ling Reflect on the Political Culture of the Asian-Australian Community', Meanjin 63(2), 2004, pp 149-160.
52. For a detailed analysis of the following, see Iwabuchi, 'When Korean Wave Meets Resident Koreans'.
53. George Yúdice, The Expediency of Culture: Uses of Culture in the Global Era, Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2003.
54. Shim Doobo, 'Hybridity and the Rise of Korean Popular Culture in Asia', Media, Culture and Society 28(1), 2006, pp 25-44.
55. Hesmondhalgh, 'Neoliberalism, Imperialism, and the Media'.
56. Iwabuchi, Bunka no taiwaryoku, pp 75-119.
57. A Report by the Discussion Group on the Promotion of Cultural Diplomacy (Bunka gaiko no suishin nikasuru kondankai hôkokusho), July 2005.
58. A prominent example is the popularity of anti-Korean books in Japan. The most popular book is titled The Anti-Korean Wave; but its actual content is not so much a critique of Korean media cultures as a strong repudiation of Korean nationalism against Japan, and of those resident Koreans in Japan who allegedly support it.
59. See Nicola Liscutin, 'Surfing the Neo-Nationalist Wave: A Case Study of Manga Kenkanryu', in Berry, Mackintosh and Liscutin, Cultural Studies and Cultural Industries, pp 171-193.
60. Tessa Morris Suzuki, The Past Within Us: Media, Memory, History, London: Verso, 2005.
61. Koichi Iwabuchi, 'Uses of Japanese Popular Culture: Trans/Nationalism and Postcolonial Desire for "Asia"', Emergences: Journal for the Study of Media and Composite Cultures 11(2), 2001, pp 197-220.
62. Iwabuchi, Bunka no taiwaryoku, pp 75-119.
63. Even Joseph Nye, a key advocator of soft power, points out that unresolved historical issues with other Asian countries are one of the crucial weaknesses of Japanese soft power, and he has publicly criticized Koizumi's persistent visits to the Yasukuni Shrine for their negative impact on Japan's position.
64. See 'An Interview with Joseph Nye on Koizumi's Visit to Yasukuni Shrine', Tokyo Newspaper, 22 October 2005.
65. Referring to the 2006 BBC survey of national images, Taro Aso, then Minister of Foreign Affairs, actually boasted about how Japan was perceived as the most favourable nation in the world. He proposed further promoting national brand power by exporting more attractive Japanese media products (especially manga and anime). Yet he completely neglected the fact that two countries in the survey*namely, China and Korea*demonstrated quite negative responses to images of Japan.
66. Salby, 'Media and Cultural Studies'.
67. Saskia Sassen, 'The Repositioning of Citizenship and Alienage: Emergent Subjects and Spaces for Politics', Globalizations 2(1), 2005, pp 79-94.
68. Seyla Benhabib, The Claims of Culture: Equality and Diversity in the Global Era, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2002, p 180.
69. Edward Said, Representations of the Intellectual, New York: Pantheon Books, 1994.