Treatment of patients with hepatic encephalopathy: Review of the latest data from EASL 2011: Commentary

Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Volumn 7, Issue 6 SUPPL. 9, 2011, Pages 4-15

  Bass, Nathan ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

4 PHENYLBUTYRIC ACID; AMMONIA; GLUTAMINE; ORNITHINE;

BRAIN EDEMA; FECES MICROFLORA; FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION; HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; METABOLIC DISORDER; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; NEUROTRANSMISSION; NOTE; NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCY;

EID: 79960398790     PISSN: 15547914     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Note

References (17)

1. Blei AT, Cordoba J; Practice Parameters Committee of the American College of Gastroenterology. Hepatic encephalopathy. Am J Gastroenterol. 2001;96:1968-1976.
2. Frederick RT. Current concepts in the pathophysiology and management of hepatic encephalopathy. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y). 2011;7:222-233.
3. Phear EA, Sherlock S, Summerskill WH. Blood-ammonium levels in liver disease and hepatic coma. Lancet. 1955;268:836-840.
4. Plauth M, Roske AE, Romaniuk P, Roth E, Ziebig R, Lochs H. Post-feeding hyperammonaemia in patients with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt and liver cirrhosis: role of small intestinal ammonia release and route of nutrient administration. Gut. 2000;46:849-855. (Pubitemid 30329082)
5. Norenberg MD, Rama Rao KV, jayakumar AR. Signaling factors in the mechanism of ammonia neurotoxicity. Metab Brain Dis. 2009;24:103-117.
6. Mumtaz K, Ahmed US, Abid S, Baig N, Hamid S, Jafri W. Precipitating factors and the outcome of hepatic encephalopathy in liver cirrhosis. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2010;20:514-518.
7. Jalan R, Kapoor D. Enhanced renal ammonia excretion following volume expansion in patients with well compensated cirrhosis of the liver. Gut. 2003;52:1041-1045.
8. Zushi S, Imai Y, Fukuda K, et al. Endoscopic coagulation therapy is successful for improving encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients with gastric antral vascular ectasia. Digestive Endoscopy. 2005;17:32-35. (Pubitemid 40313077)
9. Devrajani BR, Shah SZ, Devrajani T, Kumar D. Precipitating factors of hepatic encephalopathy at a tertiary care hospital Jamshoro, Hyderabad. J Pak Med Assoc. 2009;59:683-686.
10. Als-Nielsen B, Gluud LL, Gluud C. Non-absorbable disaccharides for hepatic encephalopathy: systematic review of randomised trials. BMJ. 2004;328:1046.
11. Sharma P, Agrawal A, Sharma BC, Sarin SK. Prophylaxis of hepatic encephalopathy in acute variceal bleed: a randomized controlled trial of lactulose versus no lactulose. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011;26:996-1003.
12. Sharma BC, Sharma P, Agrawal A, Sarin SK. Secondary prophylaxis of hepatic encephalopathy: an open-label randomized controlled trial of lactulose versus placebo. Gastroenterology. 2009;137:885-891.
13. Malaguarncra M, Gargante MP, Malaguarnera G, et al. Bifidobacterium combined with fructo-oligosaccharide versus lactulose in the treatment of patients with hepatic encephalopathy. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010;22:199-206.
14. Bajaj JS, Saeian K, Christensen KM, et al. Probiotic yogurt for the treatment of minimal hepatic encephalopathy. Am J Gastroenterol. 2008;103:1707-1715.
15. Bass NM, Mullen KD, Sanyal A, et al. Rifaximin treatment in hepatic encephalopathy. N Engl J Med. 2010;362:1071-1081.
16. Bémeur C, Desjardins P, Butterworth RF. Role of nutrition in the management of hepatic encephalopathy in end-stage liver failure. J Nutr Metab. 2010;2010:489823.
17. Sevan AS, Hughes RD, Shawcross DL. Changing face of hepatic encephalopathy: role of inflammation and oxidative stress. World J Gastroenterol. 2010;16:3347-3357.