Bidirectional delivery of organic matter between freshwater and marine systems: The role of flocculation in Pacific salmon streams

Journal of the North American Benthological Society

Volumn 30, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 779-786

  Petticrew, Ellen L ^a   Rex, John F ^a,b   Albers, Sam J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NORTHERN BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

^b RESEARCH BRANCH   (Canada)

Author keywords

biofilms; ecosystem linkages; flocculation; marine derived nutrients; organic matter; salmon; sediment transport

Indexed keywords

ALLOCHTHON; AUTOCHTHON; BENTHOS; BIOFILM; ESTUARINE FRONT; FINE GRAINED SEDIMENT; FLOCCULATION; FOOD WEB; NUTRIENT UPTAKE; ORGANIC MATTER; SALMONID; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT;

ONCORHYNCHUS;

EID: 79960239546     PISSN: 08873593     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1899/10-133.1     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. ALBERS, S. J. 2010. The salmon disturbance regime: effects of biofilm, sediment and water. MSc Thesis, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia.
2. ARKINSTALL, D. J. 2005. The influence of dissolved organic carbon on aggregation and aggregate characteristics. MSc Thesis, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia.
3. BILBY, R. E., AND P. A. BISSON. 1992. Allochthonous versus autochthonous organic matter contributions to the trophic support of fish populations in clear-cut and old-growth forested streams. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 49:540-551.
4. BILBY, R. E., B. R. FRANSEN, AND P. A. BISSON. 1996. Incorporation of nitrogen and carbon from spawning coho salmon into the trophic system of small streams: evidence from stable isotopes. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 53:164-173. (Pubitemid 126514886)
5. BJORNN, T. C., AND D. W. REISER. 1991. Habitat requirements of salmonids in streams. Pages 83-138 in W. Meehan (editor). Influences of forestry and rangeland management on salmonid fishes and their habitats. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland.
6. BLAIS, J. M., R. W. MACDONALD, D. MACKAY, E. WEBSTER, C. HARVEY, AND J. P. SMOL. 2007. Biologically mediated transport of contaminants in aquatic systems. Environmental Science and Technology 41:1075-1084.
7. CHALONER, D. T., G. A. LAMBERTI, A. D. CAK, N. L. BLAIR, AND R. T. EDWARDS. 2007. Interannual variation in responses of water chemistry and epilithon to Pacific salmon spawners in an Alaskan stream. Freshwater Biology 52: 478-490. (Pubitemid 46239244)
8. CUMMINS, K. W. 1974. Structure and function of stream ecosystems. BioScience 24:631-641.
9. DOUGLAS, M. S. V., J. P. SMOL, J. M. SAVELLE, AND J. M. BLAIS. 2004. Prehistoric Inuit whalers affected Arctic freshwater ecosystems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 101: 1613-1617. (Pubitemid 38234202)
10. DROPPO, I. G. 2001. Rethinking what constitutes suspended sediment. Hydrological Processes 15:1551-1564. (Pubitemid 32635863)
11. DROPPO, I. G., G. G. LEPPARD, D. T. FLANNIGAN, AND S. N. LISS. 1997. The freshwater floc: a functional relationship of water and organic and inorganic floc constituents affecting suspended sediment properties. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 99:43-53. (Pubitemid 27397691)
12. JANETSKI, D. J., D. T. CHALONER, S. D. TIEGS, AND G. A. LAMBERTI. 2009. Pacific salmon effects on stream ecosystems: a quantitative synthesis. Oecologia (Berlin) 159: 583-595.
13. JOHNSTON, N. T., E. A. MACISAAC, P. J. TSCHAPLINSKI, AND K. J. HALL. 2004. Effects of the abundance of spawning sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) on nutrients and algal biomass in forested streams. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 61:384-403. (Pubitemid 38722322)
14. JONSSON, B., AND N. JONSSON. 2003. Migratory Atlantic salmon as vectors for the transfer of energy and nutrients between freshwater and marine environments. Freshwater Biology 8:21-27. (Pubitemid 36093377)
15. KIORBOE, T. 2001. Formation and fate of marine snow: smallscale processes with large-scale implications. Scientia Marina 65:57-71.
16. KNIGHTON, D. 1998. Fluvial forms and processes. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
17. KRANCK, K., AND T. G. MILLIGAN. 1988. Macroflocs from diatoms: in situ photography of particles in Bedford Basin, Nova Scotia. Marine Ecology 44:183-189.
18. KRUMMEL, E. M., I. GREGORY-EAVES, R. W. MACDONALD, L. E. KIMPE, M. J. DEMERS, J. P. SMOL, B. FINNEY, AND J. M. BLAIS. 2005. Concentrations and fluxes of salmon-derived polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in lake sediments. Environmental Science and Technology 39:7020-7026. (Pubitemid 41339063)
19. LAMBERTI, G. A., D. T. CHALONER, AND A. E. HERSHEY. 2010. Linkages among aquatic ecosystems. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 29:245-263.
20. LAMBERTI, G. A., AND S. V. GREGORY. 1996. Transport and retention of CPOM. Pages 217-229 in F. R. Hauer and G. A. Lamberti (editors). Methods in stream ecology. Academic Press, San Diego, California.
21. MCCONNACHIE, J. L., AND E. L. PETTICREW. 2006. Tracing organic matter sources in riverine suspended sediment: implications for fine sediment transfers. Geomorphology 79:13-26. (Pubitemid 44204136)
22. MICHELUTTI, N., B. E. KEATLEY, S. BRIMBLE, J. M. BLAIS, H. LIU, M. S. V. DOUGLAS, M. L. MALLORY, R. W. MACDONALD, AND J. P. SMOL. 2009. Seabird-driven shifts in Arctic pond ecosystems. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B: Biological Sciences 276:591-596.
23. MINAKAWA, N., AND R. I. GARA. 2003. Effects of chum salmon redd excavation on benthic communities in a stream in the Pacific northwest. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 132:598-604. (Pubitemid 36684686)
24. MINSHALL, G. W. 1996. Organic matter budgets. Pages 591-605 in F. R. Hauer and G. A. Lamberti (editors). Methods in stream ecology. Academic Press, San Diego, California.
25. MOORE, J. W., AND D. E. SCHINDLER. 2004. Nutrient export from freshwater ecosystems by anadromous sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 61:1582-1589.
26. MOORE, J. W., AND D. E. SCHINDLER. 2008. Biotic disturbance and benthic community dynamics in salmon-bearing streams. Journal of Animal Ecology 77:275-284. (Pubitemid 351191049)
27. MORALES, C. F. L., M. STRATHMANN, AND H. FLEMMING. 2007. Role of biofilms on sediment transport - investigations with artificial sediment columns. Pages 358-368 in B. Westrich and U. Forstner (editors). Sediment dynamics and pollutant mobility in rivers: an interdisciplinary approach. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
28. NAIMAN, R. J., R. E. BILBY, D. E. SCHINDLER, AND J. M. HELFIELD. 2002. Pacific salmon, nutrients, and the dynamics of freshwater and riparian ecosystems. Ecosystems 5: 399-417. (Pubitemid 35464785)
29. NEWBOLD, J. D., P. J. MULHOLLAND, J. W. ELWOOD, AND R. V. O'NEILL. 1982. Organic carbon spiralling in stream ecosystems. Oikos 38:266-272. (Pubitemid 13281909)
30. NOWLIN, W. H., M. J. VANNI, AND L. H. YANG. 2008. Comparing resource pulses in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Ecology 89:647-659. (Pubitemid 351550001)
31. PETTICREW, E. L., AND S. J. ALBERS. 2010. Salmon as biogeomorphic agents: temporal and spatial effects on sediment quantity and quality in a northern British Columbia spawning channel. International Association of Hydrological Sciences Publication 337:251-257.
32. PETTICREW, E. L., AND J. M. AROCENA. 2003. Organic matter composition of gravel-stored sediments from salmonbearing streams. Hydrobiologia 494:17-24. (Pubitemid 37181501)
33. POWER, M. E., AND W. E. DIETRICH. 2002. Food webs in river networks. Ecological Research 17:451-471. (Pubitemid 41324087)
34. QUINN, T. P. 2005. The behavior and ecology of Pacific salmon and trout. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland.
35. REX, J. F., AND E. L. PETTICREW. 2008. Delivery of marinederived nutrients to streambeds by Pacific salmon. Nature Geoscience 1:840-843.
36. REX, J. F., AND E. L. PETTICREW. 2010. Salmon-derived nitrogen delivery and storage within a gravel bed: sediment and water interactions. Ecological Engineering 36: 1167-1173.
37. ROMANI, A., AND S. SABATER. 2000. Influence of algal biomass on extracellular enzyme activity in river biofilms. Microbial Ecology 40:16-24.
38. SCHEUERELL, M. D., P. S. LEVIN, R. W. ZABEL, J. G. WILLIAMS, AND B. L. SANDERSON. 2005. A new perspective on the importance of marine derived nutrients to threatened stocks of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.). Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 62:961-964. (Pubitemid 41284428)
39. STOCKNER, J. G., E. RYDIN, AND P. HYENSTRAND. 2000. Cultural oligotrophication: causes and consequences for fisheries resources. Fisheries 25(5):7-14.
40. TONINA, D., AND J. M. BUFFINGTON. 2007. Hyporheic exchange in gravel bed rivers with pool-riffle morphology: laboratory experiments and three-dimensional modeling. Water Resources Research 43:W01421.
41. TONINA, D., AND J. M. BUFFINGTON. 2009. Hyporheic exchange in mountain rivers I: mechanics and environmental effects. Geography Compass 3:1063-1086.
42. VANNI, M. J. 2002. Nutrient cycling by animals in freshwater ecosystems. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 33:341-370. (Pubitemid 36035144)
43. VANNOTE, R. L., G. W. MINSHALL, K. W. CUMMINS, J. R. SEDELL, AND C. E. CUSHING. 1980. The river continuum concept. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 37: 130-137.
44. VERSPOOR, J. J., C. DOUGLAS, D. C. BRAUN, M. M. STUBBS, AND J. D. REYNOLDS. 2011. Persistent ecological effects on a salmon-derived nutrient pulse on stream invertebrate communities. Ecosphere 22:1-17.
45. WALLACE, J. B., AND J. W. GRUBAUGH. 1996. Transport and storage of FPOM. Pages 191-216 in F. R. Hauer and G. A. Lamberti (editors). Methods in stream ecology. Academic Press, San Diego, California.
46. WALTERS, A. W., R. T. BARNES, AND D. M. POST. 2009. Anadromous alewives (Alosa pseudoharengus) contribute marine-derived nutrients to coastal stream food webs. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 66: 439-448.
47. WINEMILLER, K. O., A. S. FLECKER, AND D. J. HOEINGHAUS. 2010. Patch dynamics and environmental heterogeneity in lotic ecosystems. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 29:84-99.
48. WIPFLI, M. S., AND C. V. BAXTER. 2010. Linking ecosystems, food webs, and fish production: subsidies in salmon watersheds. Fisheries 35:373-387.
49. WIPFLI, M. S., J. HUDSON, AND J. CAOUETTE. 1998. Influence of salmon carcasses on stream productivity: response of biofilm and benthic macroinvertebrates in southeastern Alaska, USA. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 55:1503-1511. (Pubitemid 28488026)
50. WIPFLI, M. S., J. P. HUDSON, J. P. CAOUETTE, AND D. T. CHALONER. 2003. Marine subsidies in freshwater ecosystems: salmon carcasses increase the growth rates of stream-resident salmonids. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 132:371-381. (Pubitemid 36453705)
51. WIPFLI, M. S., J. P. HUDSON, D. T. CHALONER, AND J. P. CAOUETTE. 1999. Influence of salmon spawner densities on stream productivity in southeast Alaska. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56:1600-1611. (Pubitemid 30656177)
52. WOTTON, R. S. 2004. The ubiquity and many roles of exopolymers (EPS) in aquatic systems. Scientia Marina 68:13-21. (Pubitemid 38964422)
53. WOTTON, R. S. 2005. The essential role of exopolymers (EPS) in aquatic systems. Oceanography and Marine Biology: an Annual Review 42:57-94. (Pubitemid 44568981)
54. WOTTON, R. S. 2007. Do benthic biologists pay enough attention to aggregates formed in the water column of streams and rivers? Journal of North American Benthological Society 26:1-11. (Pubitemid 46362555)
55. WOTTON, R. S. 2011. EPS (Extracellular Polymeric Substances), silk, and chitin: vitally important exudates in aquatic ecosystems. Journal of the North American Benthological Society 30:762-769.
56. YODER, D. M., A. VIRAMONTES, L. L. KIRK, AND L. F. HANNE. 2006. Impact of salmon spawning on microbial communities in a northern California river. Journal of Freshwater Ecology 21:147-155.