Vertical distribution profiles and temporal growth patterns of roots in selected oilseeds, pulses and spring wheat

Crop and Pasture Science

Volumn 62, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 457-466

  Gan, Yantai ^a   Liu, Liping ^b   Cutforth, Herb ^a   Wang, Xiaoyu ^a   Ford, Greg ^a  

^a SWIFT CURRENT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTRE   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SASKATCHEWAN   (Canada)

Author keywords

Brassica juncea; Brassica napus; drought; oilseeds; pulses; root growth patterns; rooting depth; rooting systems; vertical distribution.

Indexed keywords

CANOLA; CROP ROTATION; DROUGHT; ESSENTIAL OIL; FLOWERING; GROWTH MODELING; IRRIGATION SYSTEM; LEGUME; LYSIMETER; MATURATION; NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY; RAINFALL; ROOT SYSTEM; ROOTING; SOIL PROFILE; TEMPORAL ANALYSIS; VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION; VERTICAL PROFILE; WATER AVAILABILITY; WATER USE EFFICIENCY; WHEAT;

CANADA; SASKATCHEWAN; SWIFT CURRENT;

BRASSICA; BRASSICA JUNCEA; BRASSICA NAPUS; BRASSICA NAPUS VAR. NAPUS; CICER ARIETINUM; LENS CULINARIS; LINUM USITATISSIMUM; PISUM SATIVUM; TRITICUM AESTIVUM;

EID: 79960223737     PISSN: 18360947     EISSN: 18365795     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1071/CP10406     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (53)

1. Angadi SV, McConkey BG, Cutforth HW, Miller PR, Ulrich D, Selles F, Volkmar KM, Entz MH, Brandt SA (2008) Adaptation of alternative pulse and oilseed crops to the semiarid Canadian Prairie: seed yield and water use efficiency. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 88, 425-438. doi:10.4141/CJPS07078
2. Ayers KW, Acton DF, Ellis JG(1985) The soils of the Swift Current map area 72J Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan Institute of Pedology, Publ. 86. Extension Division, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK.
3. Barraclough PB, Leigh RA (1984) The growth and activity ofwinter wheat roots in the field: the effect of sowing date and soil type on root growth of high-yielding crops. The Journal of Agricultural Science 103, 59-74. doi:10.1017/S002185960004332X
4. Benjamin JG, Nielsen DC (2006) Water deficit effects on root distribution of soybean, field pea and chickpea. Field Crops Research 97, 248-253. doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2005.10.005
5. Biederbeck VO, Zentner RP, Campbell CA (2005) Soil microbial populations and activities as influenced by legume green fallowing in a semiarid climate. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 37, 1775-1784. doi:10.1016/ j.soilbio.2005.02. 011 (Pubitemid 40837247)
6. Black AL, Brown PL, Halvorson AD, Siddoway FH(1981) Dryland cropping strategies for efficient water use to control saline seeps in the northern Great Plains, USA. Agricultural Water Management 4, 295-311. doi:10.1016/0378- 3774(81)90055-X
7. Bolinder MA, Angers DA, Dubuc JP (1997) Estimating shoot to root ratios and annual carbon inputs in soils for cereal crops. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 63, 61-66. doi:10.1016/S0167-8809(96)01121-8 (Pubitemid 27269201)
8. Campbell CA, De Jong R (2001) Root-to-strawratios: influence of moisture and rate of N fertilizer. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 81, 39-43. doi:10.4141/S00-027 (Pubitemid 32449456)
9. Campbell CA, Zentner RP, Liang BC, Roloff G, Gregorich EC, Blomert B (2000) Organic C accumulation in soil over 30 years in semiarid southwestern Saskatchewan - effect of crop rotations and fertilizers. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 80, 179-192. doi:10.4141/S99-028 (Pubitemid 34063191)
10. Campbell CA, Zentner RP, Selles F, Biederbeck VO, Leyshon AJ (1992) Comparative effects of grain-lentil-wheat and monoculture wheat on crop production, N economy and N fertility in a Brown Chernozem. CanadianJournalof PlantScience72, 1091-1107. doi:10.4141/cjps92-135 (Pubitemid 23371585)
11. Czarnes S, Hallett PD, Bengough AG, Young IM (2000) Root and microbial derived mucilages affect soil structure and water transport. European Journal of Soil Science 51, 435-443. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2389.2000. 00327.x
12. Dunbabin V, Rengel Z, Diggle A (2004) Simulating form and function of root systems: efficiency of nitrate uptake is dependent on root system architecture and the spatial and temporal variability of nitrate supply. Functional Ecology 18, 204-211. doi:10.1111/j.0269-8463. 2004.00827.x (Pubitemid 38504284)
13. Eissenstat DM, Yanai RD (2002) Root life span, efficiency, and turnover. In 'Plant roots, the hidden half. (Eds Y Waisel, A Eshel, U Kafkafi) pp. 221-238. (Marcel Dekker: New York)
14. Fageria NK (2004) Influence ofdrymatter and length ofroots on growth of five field crops at varying soil zinc and copper levels. Journal of Plant Nutrition 27, 1517-1523. doi:10.1081/PLN-200025995 (Pubitemid 39204696)
15. Fang XW, Turner NC, Yan GJ, Li FM, Siddique KHM (2010) Flower numbers, pod production, pollen viability, and pistil function are reduced and flower and pod abortion increased in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under terminal drought. Journal of Experimental Botany 61, 335-345. doi:10.1093/jxb/erp307
16. Feddes RA, Raats PAC (2004) Parameterizing the soil-water-plant root system. In 'Unsaturated-zone modeling: progress, challenges and applications'. Wageningen UR Frontis Series, Vol. 6. (Ed. RA Feddes) pp. 95-141. (KluwerAcademic Publishers: Dordrecht, The Netherlands)
17. Gan YT, Campbell CA, Janzenc HH, Lemked RL, Basnyata P, McDonald CL (2009a) Carbon input to soil from oilseed and pulse crops on the Canadian prairies. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 132, 290-297. doi:10.1016/j.agee.2009.04.014
18. Gan YT, Campbell CA, Liu L, Basnyat P, McDonald CL (2009b) Water use and distribution profile under pulse and oilseed crops in semiarid northernhigh latitude area. Agricultural WaterManagement96,337-348. doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2008. 08.012
19. Gan YT, Kutcher R, Menalled F, Lafond L, Brandt S (2010) Crop diversification and intensification with broadleaf crops in cereal-based cropping systems in the Northern Great Plains of North America. In ' Recent trends insoil science and agronomy research in the Northern Great Plains of North America'. (Eds SS Malhi, YT Gan, JJ Schoenau, RL Lemke, MA Liebig) pp. 277-299. (Research Signpost: Trivandrum, Kerala, India)
20. Gan YT, Liang C, Wang XY, McConkey BG (2011) Lowering carbon footprint of durum wheat through diversifying cropping systems. Field CropsResearch 122, 199-206. doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2011.03.020
21. Gan Y, Miller PR, McConkey BG, Zentner RP, Stevenson FC, McDonald CL (2003) Influence of diverse cropping systems on durum wheat yield and protein in the semiarid northern Great Plains. Agronomy Journal 95, 245-252. doi:10.2134/agronj2003.0245 (Pubitemid 36374703)
22. Hoogenboom G, Nuck MG, Peterson CM (1987) Root growth rate of soybean as affected by drought stress. Agronomy Journal 79, 607-614. doi:10.2134/ agronj1987.00021962007900040004x
23. Jackson LE, Schimel JP, Firestone MK (1989) Short-term partitioning of ammonium and nitrate between plants and microbes in an annual grassland. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 21, 409-415. doi:10.1016/ 0038-0717(89)90152-1
24. Kenward MG, Roger JH (1997) Small sample interface for fixed effects from restricted maximum likelihood. Biometrics 53, 983-997. doi:10.2307/ 2533558 (Pubitemid 27391027)
25. Kirkegaard JA, Lilley JM (2007) Root penetration rate - a benchmark to identify soil and plant limitations to rooting depth in wheat. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47,590-602. doi:10.1071/EA06071 (Pubitemid 46607583)
26. Kirkegaard JA, Lilley JM, Howe GN, Graham JM (2007) Impact of subsoil water use on wheat yield. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58, 303-315. doi:10.1071/AR06285 (Pubitemid 46762206)
27. Klepper B, Taylor HM, Huck MG, Fiscus EL (1973) Water relations and growth of cotton in drying soil. Agronomy Journal 65, 307-310. doi:10.2134/agronj1973.00021962006500020036x
28. Lee KK, Singh P, Wani SP, Rego TJ, Trimurtulu N, Monteith JL (1996) Effects of fertilizer nitrogen and irrigation on root growth, and water uptake with special reference to post rainy season sorghum. In 'Dynamics ofroots and nitrogen in cropping systems of semi-arid tropics. Proceedings of International Workshop'. JIRCAS International Agriculture Series No. 3, 21-25 November 1994. (Eds O Ito, C Johansen, JJ Adu- Gyamfi, K Katayama, JVDK Rao, TJ Rego) pp. 261-271. (Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences: Tokyo)
29. Lehmann J, Droppelmann K, Zech W (1998) Runoff irrigation of crops with contrasting root and shoot development in northern Kenya: water depletion and above- and below-ground biomass production. Journal of Arid Environments 38, 479-492. doi:10.1006/jare.1997.0352 (Pubitemid 28219484)
30. Lilley JM, Kirkegaard JA (2007) Seasonal variation in the value of subsoil water to wheat: simulation studies in southern New South Wales. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58, 1115-1128. doi:10.1071/AR07046 (Pubitemid 350273685)
31. Littell RC, Milliken GA, Stroup WW, Wolfinger RD (1996) 'SAS systems for mixed models.' (SAS Institute, Inc.: Cary, NC)
32. Liu LP, Gan YT, Bueckert RA (2008) Rooting patterns and rhizospheric properties of pulse crops under semiarid growing conditions. In Proceedings of the 7th Canadian Pulse Research Workshop'. Winnipeg, Manitoba, 4-7 Nov. 2008. pp. 74-75. (7th Canadian Pulse Research Workshop Organising Committee: Winnipeg, MB, Canada)
33. Liu LP, Gan YT, Bueckert R, van Rees K (2011a) Rooting systems of oilseed and pulse crops I: Temporal growth patterns across the plant developmental periods. Field Crops Research 122, 256-263. doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2011.04.002
34. Liu LP, Gan YT, Bueckert R, van Rees K (2011b) Rooting systems of oilseed and pulse crops II: Vertical distribution patterns across the soil profile. Field CropsResearch 122, 248-255. doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2011.04.003
35. Liu LP, Gan YT, Bueckert RA, Warkentin TD (2010) Fine root distribution of oilseeds and pulses in semiarid environment. Crop Science 50, 222-226. doi:10.2135/cropsci2009.03.0156
36. Malhi SS, Johnston AM, Schoenau JJ, Wang ZH, Vera CL (2007) Seasonal biomass accumulation and nutrient uptake of canola, mustard, and flax on a Black Chernozem soil in Saskatchewan. Journal of Plant Nutrition 30, 641-658. doi:10.1080/01904160701209444 (Pubitemid 46607304)
37. Merrill SD, Tanaka DL, Hanson JD (2002) Root length growth ofeight crop species in Haplustoll soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal 66, 913-923. doi:10.2136/sssaj2002.0913 (Pubitemid 34463569)
38. Miller PR, Gan Y, McConkey BG, McDonald CL (2003) Pulse crops in the Northern Great Plains. I. Grain productivity and residual effects on soil water and nitrogen. Agronomy Journal 95, 972-979. doi:10.2134/agronj2003.0972 (Pubitemid 36953272)
39. Pandey RK, Herrera WAT, Pendleton JW (1984) Drought response of grain legumes under irrigation gradient. III. Plant growth. Agronomy Journal 76, 557-560. doi:10.2134/agronj1984.00021962007600040011x
40. Passioura JB(1991)Soil structure andplantgrowth. Australian Journal of Soil Research 29, 717-728. doi:10.1071/SR9910717
41. Pietola L, Alakukku L (2005) Root growth dynamics and biomass input by Nordic annual field crops. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 108, 135-144. doi:10.1016/j.agee.2005.01.009 (Pubitemid 40678834)
42. Rao TP, Ito O (1998) Differences in root system morphology and root respiration in relation to nitrogen uptake among six crop species. Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly 32, 97-103. (Pubitemid 128364269)
43. Robertson MJ, Fukai S, Ludlow MM, Hammer GL (1993)Water extraction by grain sorghum in a sub-humid environment. II. Extraction in relation to rootgrowth. Field Crops Research 33, 99-112. doi:10.1016/0378-4290 (93)90096-6
44. Smucker AJM (1993) Soil environmental modifications of root dynamics and measurement. Annual Review ofPhytopathology 31, 191-218. doi:10.1146/annurev.py. 31.090193.001203
45. Smucker AM, Aken RM (1992) Dynamic root responses to water deficits. SoilScience 154, 281-289. doi:10.1097/00010694-199210000-00004
46. Spedding TA, Hamela C, Mehuysa GR, Madramootoo CA (2004) Soil microbial dynamics in maize-growing soil under different tillage and residue management systems. SoilBiology & Biochemistry 36,499-512. doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2003. 10.026 (Pubitemid 38215042)
47. Waisel Y, Eshel A (2002) Functional diversity of various constituents of a single root system. In 'Plant roots, the hidden half. (Eds Y Waisel, A Eshel, U Kafkafi) pp. 157-174. (Marcel Dekker: New York)
48. Wan CG, Yilmaz I, Sosebee RE (2002) Seasonal soil-water availability influences snakeweed, root dynamics. Journal of Arid Environments 51, 255-264. doi:10.1006/jare.2001.0942
49. Weir AH, Barraclough PB (1986) The effect of drought on the root growth of winter wheat and on its water uptake from a deep loam. Soil Use and Management2, 91-96. doi:10.1111/j.1475-2743.1986.tb00689.x
50. Weligama C, Sale PWG, Conyers MK, Liu DL, Tang C (2010) Nitrate leaching stimulates subsurface root growth of wheat and increases rhizosphere alkalisation in a highly acidic soil. Plant and Soil 328, 119-132. doi:10.1007/s11104-009-0087-x
51. Xu JG, Juma NG (1992) Above- and below-ground net primary production of four barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars in western Canada. Canadian Journal of Plant Science72, 1131-1140. doi:10.4141/cjps92-138
52. Yu GR, Zhuang J, Nakayama K (2007) Root water uptake and profile soil water as affected by vertical root distribution. PlantEcology 189,15-30. doi:10.1007/s11258-006-9163-y (Pubitemid 46940994)
53. Zentner RP, Campbell CA, Biederbeck VO, Miller RP, Selles F, Fernandez MR (2001) In search of a sustainable cropping system for the semiarid Canadian Prairies. Journal ofSustainable Agriculture 18, 117-136. doi:10.1300/J064v18n02- 10 (Pubitemid 34057199)