Analysis of HCl and ClO time series in the upper stratosphere using satellite data sets

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics

Volumn 11, Issue 11, 2011, Pages 5321-5333

  Jones, A ^a   Urban, J ^b   Murtagh, D P ^b   Sanchez, C ^b   Walker, K A ^a   Livesey, N J ^c   Froidevaux, L ^c   Santee, M L ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^b CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Sweden)

^c CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; CHLORIDE; CHLORINE MONOXIDE; HYDROGEN; INORGANIC COMPOUND; NORTHERN HEMISPHERE; SATELLITE DATA; SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE; STRATOSPHERE; TIME SERIES ANALYSIS;

CANADA; MONTREAL; QUEBEC [CANADA];

EID: 79960126305     PISSN: 16807316     EISSN: 16807324     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5194/acp-11-5321-2011     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Anderson, J., Russell III, J. M., Solomon, S., and Deaver, L. E.: Halogen Occultation Experiment confirmation of stratospheric chlorine decreases in accordance with the Montreal Protocol, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 4483-4490, 2000.
2. Baldwin, M. P., Gray, L. J., Dunkerton, T. J., Hamilton, K., Haynes, P. H., Randel, W. J., Holton, J. R., Alexander, M. J., Hirota, I., Horinouchi, T., Jones, D. B. A., Kinnersley, J. S., Marquardt, C., Sato, K., and Takahashi, M.: The Quasi-Biennial Oscillation, Rev. Geophys., 39, 179-229, 2001. (Pubitemid 32621043)
3. Beagley, S. R., de Grandpré, J., Koshyk, J. N., McFarlane, N. J., and Shephard, T. G.: Radiative-dynamical climatological of he first-generation Canadian Middle Atmospheric Model, Atmos.-Ocean, 35, 293-331, 1997.
4. Bernath, P. F., McElroy, C. T., Abrams, M. C., Boone, C. D., Butler, M., Camy-Peyret, C., Carleer, M., Clerbaux, C., Coheur, P. F., Colin, R., DeCola, P., De Maziére, M., Drummond, J. R., Dufour, D., Evans, W. F. J., Fast, H., Fussen, D., Gilbert, K., Jennings, D. E., Llewellyn, E. J., Lowe, R. P., Mahieu, E., Mc-Connell, J. C., McHugh, M., McLeod, S. D., Michaud, R., Midwinter, C., Nas-sar, R., Nichitiu, F., Nowlan, C., Rinsland, C. P., Rochon, Y. J., Rowlands, N., Semeniuk, K., Simon, P., Skelton, R., Sloan, J. J., Soucy, M. A., Strong, K., Tremblay, P., Turnbull, D., Walker, K. A., Walkty, I., Wardle, D. A., Wehrle, V., Zander, R., and Zou, J.: Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE): Mission overview, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L15S01, doi:10.1029/2005GL022386, 2005. (Pubitemid 41398766)
5. Boone, C. D., Nassar, R., Walker, K. A., Rochon, Y., McLeod, S. D., Rinsland, C. P., and Bernath, P. F.: Retrievals for the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier transform spectrometer, Appl. Optics, 44(33), 7218-7231, 2005. (Pubitemid 41811670)
6. Bracher, A., Sinnhuber, M., Rozanov, A., and Burrows, J. P.: Using a photochemical model for the validation of NO2 satellite measurements at different solar zenith angles, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 393-408, doi:10.5194/acp-5-393-2005, 2005. (Pubitemid 40405291)
7. Brohede, S., McLinden, C. A., Berthet, G., Haley, C. S., Murtagh, D., and Sioris, C. E.: A stratospheric NO2 climatology from Odin/OSIRIS Limb-scatter measurements, Can. J. Phys, 85, 1253-1274, 2007a. (Pubitemid 351195024)
8. Brohede, S., Haley, C. S., McLinden, C. A., Sioris, C. E., Murtagh, D. P., Petelina, S. V. Llewellyn, E. J., Bazureau, A., Goutail, F., Randall, C. E., Lumpe, J. D., Taha, G., Thomas-son, L. W., and Gordley, L. L.: Validation of Odin/OSIRIS stratospheric NO2 profiles, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D07310, doi:10.1029/2006JD007586, 2007b. (Pubitemid 46916228)
9. Charlton, A. J., O'Neill, A., Lahoz, W. A., and Berrisford, P.: The Splitting of the Stratospheric Polar Vortex in the Southern Hemisphere, September 2002: Dynamical Evolution, J. Atmos. Sci., 62(3), 590-602, 2005.
10. Considine, G. D., Deaver, L., Remsberg, E. E., and Russell III, J. M.: HALOE Observations of a Slowdown in the Rate of Increase of HF in the Lower Mesosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24(24), 3217-3220, 1997.
11. Considine, G. D., Deaver, L., Remsberg, E. E., and Russell III, J. M.: Analysis of Near- Global Trends and Variability in HALOE HF and HCl Data in the Middle Atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 24297-24308, 1999.
12. de Grandpré, J., Beagley, S. R., Fomichev, V. I., Griffoen, E., Mc-Connell, J. C., Medvedev, A. S., and Shepherd, T. G.: Results from the Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 26475-26491, 2000.
13. Dhomse, S., Weber, M., and Burrows, J.: The relationship between tropospheric wave forcing and tropical lower stratospheric water vapor, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 471-480, doi:10.5194/acp-8-471-2008, 2008.
14. Egorova, T., Rozanov, E., Zubov, V., Schmutz, W., and Peter, Th.: Influence of solar 11-year variability on chemical composition of the stratosphere and mesosphere simulated with a chemistry-climate model, Adv. Space Res., 451-457, doi:10.1016/j.asr.2005.01.048, 2005. (Pubitemid 40822052)
15. Eyring, V., Kinnison, D. E., and Shepherd, T. G.: Overview of planned coupled chemistry-climate simulations to support upcoming ozone and climate assessments, SPARC Newsletter, 25, 11-17, 2005.
16. Frisk, U., Hagstrom, M., Ala-Laurinaho, J., Andersson, S., Berges, J. C., Chabaud, J. P., Dahlgren, M., Emrich, A., Floren, H. G., Florin, G., Fredrixon, M., Gaier, T., Haas, R., Hirvonen, T., Hjal-marsson, A., Jakobsson, B., Jukkala, P., Kildal, P. S., Kollberg, E., Lassing, J., Lecacheux, A., Lehikoinen, P., Lehto, A., Mal-lat, J., Marty, C., Michet, D., Narbonne, J., Nexon, M., Olberg, M., Olofsson, A. O. H., Olofsson, G., Origne, A., Petersson, M., Piironen, P., Pons, R., Pouliquen, D., Ristorcelli, I., Rosolen, C., Rouaix, G., Raisanen, A. V., Serra, G., Sjoberg, F., Stenmark, L., Torchinsky, S., Tuovinen, J., Ullberg, C., Vinterhav, E., Wade-falk, N., Zirath, H., Zimmermann, P., and Zimmermann, R.: The Odin Satellite: I. Radiometer Design and Test, Astron. Astro-phys., 402, 27-34, 2003.
17. Froidevaux, L., Livesey, N. J., Read, W. G., Salawitch, R. J., Waters, J. W., Drouin, B. J., MacKenzie, L .A., Pumphrey, H. C., Bernath, P., Boone, C., Nassar, R., Montzka, S., Elkins, J., Cunnold, D., and Waugh, D.: Temporal decrease in upper atmospheric chlorine, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L23812, doi:10.1029/2006GL027600, 2006. (Pubitemid 47407911)
18. Froidevaux, L., Jiang, Y. B., Lambert, A., Livesey, N. J., Read, W. G., Waters, J. W., Fuller, R. A., Marcy, T. P., Popp, P. J., Gao, R. S., Fahey, D. W., Jucks, K. W., Stachnik, R. A., Toon, G. C., Christensen, L .E., Webster, C. R., Bernath, P .F., Boone, C. D., Walker, K .A., Pumphrey, H. C., Harwood, R. S., Manney, G. L., Schwartz, M. J., Daffer, W. H., Drouin, B. J., Cofield, R. E., Cuddy, D. T., Jarnot, R. F., Knosp, B. W., Perun, V. S., Snyder, W. V., Stek, P. C., Thurstans, R. P. and Wagner, P. A.: Validation of Aura Microwave Limb Sounder HCl measurements, J. Geo-phys. Res., 113, D15S25, doi:10.1029/2007JD009025, 2008.
19. Jonsson, A.: Modelling: the middle stratosphere and its sensitivity to climate change, Dept. of Met. Stockholm University, PHD thesis, 2006.
20. Jones, A., Urban, J., Murtagh, D. P., Eriksson, P., Brohede, S., Haley, C., Degenstein, D., Bourassa, A., von Savigny, C., Sonkaew, T., Rozanov, A., Bovensmann, H., and Burrows, J.: Evolution of stratospheric ozone and water vapour time series studied with satellite measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 9, 6055-6075, doi:10.5194/acp-9-6055-2009, 2009.
21. Jucks, K. W., Johnson, D. G., Chance, K. V., Traub, W. A., Salaw-itch, R. J., and Stachnik, R. A.: Ozone production and loss rate measurements in the middle stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 101(D22), 28785-28792, 1996.
22. Manney, G. L., Sabutis, J. L., Allen, D. R., Lahoz, W. A., Scaife, A. A., Randall, C. E., Pawson, S., Naujokat, B., and Swinbank, R.: Simulations of Dynamics and transport during the September 2002 Antarctic Major Warming, J. Atmos. Sci., 62, 3, 690-707, 2005.
23. Mahieu, E., Duchatelet, P., Demoulin, P., Walker, K. A., Dupuy, E., Froidevaux, L., Randall, C., Catoire, V., Strong, K., Boone, C. D., Bernath, P. F., Blavier, J.-F., Blumenstock, T., Cof-fey, M., De Maziére, M., Griffith, D., Hannigan, J., Hase, F., Jones, N., Jucks, K. W., Kagawa, A., Kasai, Y., Mebarki, Y., Mikuteit, S., Nassar, R., Notholt, J., Rinsland, C. P., Robert, C., Schrems, O., Senten, C., Smale, D., Taylor, J., Tétard, C., Toon, G. C., Warneke, T., Wood, S. W., Zander, R., and Ser-vais, C.: Validation of ACE-FTS v2.2 measurements of HCl, HF, CCl3F and CCl2F2 using space-, balloon- and ground-based instrument observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 6199-6221, doi:10.5194/acp-8-6199-2008, 2008.
24. Molina, M. J. and Rowland, F. S.: Stratospheric sink for chlorofluoro-methanes: Chlorine atom catalysed destruction of ozone, Nature, 249, 810-812, 1974.
25. Murtagh, D., Frisk, U., Merino, F., Ridal, M., Jonsson, A., Stegman, J., Witt, G., Eriksson, P., Jimenez, C., Mégie, G., Noëë, J. de La ., Ricaud, P., Baron, P., Pardo, J.-R. , Hauchecorne, A. , Llewellyn, E. J., Degenstein, D. A., Gattinger, R. L., Lloyd, N. D., Evans, W. F. J., McDade, I. C., Haley, C., Sioris, C., Savigny, C. von, Solheim, B. H., McConnell, J. C., Strong, K., Richardson, E. H., Leppelmeier, G. W., Kyrölä, E., Auvinen, H., and Oikarinen, L.: An overview of the Odin atmospheric mission, Can. J. Phys., 80, 309-319, 2002.
26. Newchurch, M. J., Yang, E. S., Cunnold, D. M., Reinsel, G. C., Za-wodny, J. M., and Russel III, J. M.: Evidence for slowdown in stratospheric ozone loss: First stage of ozone recovery, J. Geo-phys. Res., 108(D16), doi:10.1029/2003JD003471, 2003.
27. Newman, P. A., Daniel, J. S., Waugh, D. W., and Nash, E. R.: A new formulation of equivalent effective stratospheric chlorine (EESC), Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7, 4537-4552, doi:10.5194/acp-7-4537-2007, 2007. (Pubitemid 47358683)
28. O'Doherty, S., Cunnold, D. M., Manning, A., Miller, B. R., Wang, R. H. J., Krummel, P. B., Fraser, P. J., Simmonds, P. G., Mc-Culloch, A., Weiss, R. F., Salameh, P., Porter, L. W., Prinn, R. G., Huang, J., Sturrock, G., Ryall, D., Derwent, R. G., and Montzka, S. A.: Rapid growth of hydrofluorocarbon 134a and hydrochlorofluorocarbons 141b, 142b, and 22 from Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE) observations at Cape Grim, Tasmania, and Mace Head, Ireland, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D06310, doi:10.1029/2003JD004277, 2004.
29. Rinsland, C. P., Mathieu, E., Zander, R., Jones, N. B., Chipperfield, M. P., Goldman, A., Anderson, J., Russell, J. M., Demoulin, P., Notholt, J., Toon, G. C., Blavier, J. F., Sen, B., Sussmann, R., Wood, S. W., Meier, A., Griffith, D. W. T., Chiou, L. S., Murcray, F. J., Stephen, T. M., Hase, F., Mikuteit, S., Schulz, A., and Blumenstock, T.: Long-term trends of inorganic chlorine from ground-based infrared solar spectra: Past increases and evidence for stabilization J. Geophys. Res., 108(D8), 4252, doi:10.1029/2002JD003001, 2003.
30. Reinsel, G. C., Weatherhead, E. C., Tiao, G. C., Miller, A. J., Na-gatani, R. M., Wuebbles, D. J., and Flynn, L. E.: On detection of turnaround and recovery in trend for ozone, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D10), 4078, doi:10.1029/2001JD000500, 2002.
31. Russell III, J. M., Gordley, L. L., Park, J. H., Drayson, S. R., Hes-keth, D. H., Cicerone, R. J., Tuck, A. F., Frederick, J. E., Harries, J. E., and Crutzen, P.: The Halogen Occultation Experiment, J. Geophys. Res., 98(D6), 10777-10797, 1993.
32. Russell III, J. M., Deaver, L. E., Luo, M. Z., Park, J. H., Gordley, L. L., Tuck, A. F., Toon, G. C., Gunson, M. R., Traub, W. A., Johnson, D. G., Jucks, K. W., Murray, D. G., Zander, R., Nolt, I. G., and Webster, C. R.: Validation of hydrogen chloride measurements made by the Halogen Occultation Experiment from the UARS platform, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 10151-10162, 1996. (Pubitemid 27040878)
33. Santee, M. L., Lambert, A., Read, W. G., Livesey, N. J., Manney, G. L., Cofield, R. E., Cuddy, D. T., Daffer, W. H., Drouin, B. J., Froidevaux, L., Fuller, R. A., Jarnot, R. F., Knosp, B. W., Perun, V. S., Snyder, W. V., Stek, P. C., Thurstans, R. P., Wagner, P. A., Waters, J. W., Connor, B., Urban, J., Murtagh, D., Ricaud, P., Barrett, D., Kleinboehl, A., Kuttippurath, J., Kullmann, H., von Hobe, M., Toon, G. C., and Stachnik, R. A.: Validation of the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder ClO Measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D15S22, doi:10.1029/2007JD008762, 2008.
34. Schoeberl, M. R., Douglass, A. R., Polansky, B., Boone, C., Walker, K. A., and Bernath, P.: Estimation of stratospheric age spectrum from chemical tracers, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D21303, doi:10.1029/2005JD006125, 2005. (Pubitemid 41825039)
35. Solomon, P., Barrett, J., Mooney, T., Connor, B., Parrish, A., and Siskind, D. E.: Rise and decline of active chlorine in the stratosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L18807, doi:10.1029/2006GL027029, 2006. (Pubitemid 351147938)
36. Steinbrecht, W., Claude, H., and Winkler, P.: Enhanced stratospheric ozone: Sign of recovery or solar cycle?, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D2308, doi:10.1029/2003JD004284, 2004.
37. Steinbrecht, W., Claude, H., Schönenborn, F., McDermid, I. S., Leblanc, T., Godin, S., Song, T., Swart, D. P. J., Meijer, Y. J., Bodeker, G. E., Connor, B. J., Kämpfer, N., Hocke, K., Calisesi, Y., Schneider, N., de la No, J., Parrish, A. D., Boyd, I. S., Brühl, C., Steil, B., Giorgetta, M. A., Manzini, E., Thomason, L.W., Za-wodny, J. M., McCormick, M. P., Russell III, J. M., Bhartia, P. K., Stolarski, R. S., and Hollandsworth-Frith, S .M.: Long-term evolution of upper stratospheric ozone at selected stations of the Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change (NDSC), J. Geophys. Res., 111, D10308, doi:10.1029/2005JD006454, 2006. (Pubitemid 44043257)
38. Stiller, G. P., von Clarmann, T., Höpfner, M., Glatthor, N., Grabowski, U., Kellmann, S., Kleinert, A., Linden, A., Milz, M., Reddmann, T., Steck, T., Fischer, H., Funke, B., López-Puertas, M., and Engel, A.: Global distribution of mean age of stratospheric air from MIPAS SF6 measurements, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 8, 677-695, doi:10.5194/acp-8-677-2008, 2008.
39. Urban, J., Lautié, N., Le Flochmoën, E., Jiménez, C., Eriksson, P., de La Noë, J., Dupuy, E., Ekström, M., El Amraoui, L., Frisk, U., Murtagh, D., Olberg, M., and Ricaud, P.: Odin/SMR limb observations of stratospheric trace gases: Level 2 processing of ClO, N2O, HNO3, and O3, J. Geophys. Res., 110(D14), D14307, doi:10.1029/2004JD005741, 2005. (Pubitemid 41320631)
40. Urban, J., Murtagh, D., Lautié, N., Barret, B., de La Noë, J., Frisk, U., Jones, A., Le Flochmoën, E., Olberg, M., Piccolo, C., Ricaud P., and Rösevall, J.: Odin/SMR limb observations of trace gases in the polar lower stratosphere during 2004-2005, Proc. ESA First Atmospheric Science Conference, 8-12 May 2006, Fras-cati, Italy/editor Lacoste, H., ESA-SP-628 Noordwijk: European Space Agency. ISBN/ISSN: ISBN-92-9092-939-1, ISSN-1609-042X, 2006.
41. Waters, J. W., Froidevaux, L., Harwood, R. S., Jarnot, R. F., Pickett, H. M., Read, W. G., Siegel, P. H., Cofield, R. E., Filipiak, M. J., Flower, D. A., Holden, J. R., Lau, G. K., Livesey, N. J., Manney, G. L., Pumphrey, H. C., Santee, M. L., Wu, D. L., Cuddy, D. T., Lay, R. R., Loo, M. S., Perun, V. S., Schwartz, M. J., Stek, P. C., Thurstans, R. P., Boyles, M. A., Chandra, K. M., Chavez, M. C., Chen, G.-S., Chudasama, B. V., Dodge, R., Fuller, R. A., Girard, M. A., Jiang, J. H., Jiang, Y., Knosp, B. W., Labelle, R. C., Lam, J. C., Lee, A. K., Miller, D., Oswald, J. E., Patel, N. C., Pukala, D. M., Quintero, O., Scaff, D. M., Vansnyder, W., Tope, M. C., Wagner, P. A., and Walch, M. J.: The Earth Observing System Microwave Limb Sounder (EOS MLS) on the Aura satellite, IEEE T. Geosci. Remote Sens., 55, 1075-1092, 2006.
42. Waugh, D. W., Considine, D. B., and Fleming, E. L.: Is Upper Stratospheric Chlorine Decreasing as Expected?, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28(7), 1187-1190, 2001. (Pubitemid 32576009)
43. Weatherhead, E. C., Reinsel, G. C., Tiao, G. C., Meng, X-Li, Choi, D., Cheang, W. K., Keller, T., DeLuisi, J., Weubbles, D. J., Kerr, J. B., Miller, A. J., Oltmans, S. J., and Frederick, J. E.: Factors affecting the detection of trends: Statistical considerations and applications to environmental data, J.Geophys. Res., 103(D14), 17149-17116, 1998.
44. World Meteorological Organization (WMO): Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion, 2006, Geneva, 2006.
45. World Meteorological Organization (WMO): Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion, 2010, Geneva, 2011.