Executive functions and working memory behaviours in children with a poor working memory

Learning and Individual Differences

Volumn 21, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 409-414

  St Clair Thompson, Helen L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HULL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Executive functions; Working memory

Indexed keywords

EID: 79959945856     PISSN: 10416080     EISSN: 18733425     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.lindif.2011.02.008     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Alloway T.P., Gathercole S.-E. How does working memory work in the classroom?. Educational Research and Review 2006, 1:134-139.
2. Alloway T.P., Gathercole S.E., Kirkwood H.J. Working memory rating scale 2008, Pearson Assessment, London, UK.
3. Alloway T.P., Gathercole S.E., Kirkwood H.J., Elliott J. The working memory rating scale: A classroom-based behavioural assessment of working memory. Learning and individual differences 2009, 19:242-245.
4. Alloway, T.P., Gathercole, S.E., Holmes, J., Place, M., & Elliott, J. (submitted for publication). A comparison of sustained attention and behavioural problems in children with ADHD and children with poor working memory.
5. Anderson V., Levin H.S., Jacobs R. Executive functions after frontal lobe injury: A developmental perspective. Principles of frontal lobe function 2002, 504-527. Oxford University Press, London. D.T. Stuss, R.T. Knight (Eds.).
6. Arnett P.A., Rao S.M., Grafman J., Bernardin L., Luchetta T., Binder J.R., et al. Executive functions in multiple sclerosis: An analysis of temporal ordering, semantic encoding, and planning abilities. Neuropsychology 1997, 11:535-544.
7. Baddeley A.D. Working memory 1986, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
8. Baddeley A.D. Exploring the central executive. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 1996, 49A:5-28.
9. Baddeley A.D. The central executive: A concept and some misconceptions. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 1998, 4:523-526.
10. Baddeley A.D. The episodic buffer: A new component of working memory?. Trends in cognitive sciences 2000, 11(4):417-423.
11. Baddeley A.D., Della Sala S., Papagno C., Spinnler H. Dual task performance in dysexecutive and non-dysexecutive patients with a frontal lobe lesion. Neuropsychology 1997, 11:187-194.
12. Baddeley A.D., Emslie H., Kolodny J., Duncan J. Random generation and the executive control of working memory. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 1998, 51A:819-852.
13. Baddeley A.D., Hitch G. Working Memory. The psychology of learning and motivation 1974, Academic Press, New York. G.H. Bower (Ed.).
14. Bull R., Scerif G. Executive functioning as a predictor of children's mathematical ability: Inhibition, switching and working memory. Developmental Neuropsychology 2001, 19:273-293.
15. Cain K., Oakhill J., Bryant P. Children's reading comprehension ability: Concurrent predictions by working memory, verbal ability, and component skills. Journal of Educational Psychology 2004, 96:31-42.
16. Collette F. Brain imaging of the central executive component of working memory. Neuroscience and Biobehavioural Reviews 2002, 26:105-125.
17. Collette F., Hogge M., Salmon E., Van der Linden M. Exploration of the neural substrates of executive functioning by functional neuroimaging. Neuroscience 2006, 139:209-221.
18. Conway A.R.A., Jarrold C., Kane M.J., Towse J.N. Variation in working memory 2007, Oxford University Press, NY.
19. De Jong P.P. Working memory deficits of reading disabled children. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 1998, 70(2):75-96.
20. DeStefano D., LeFevre J. The role of working memory in mental arithmetic. European Journal of cognitive Psychology 2004, 16:353-386.
21. Fry A.F., Hale S. Processing speed, working memory, and fluid intelligence: Evidence for a developmental cascade. Psychological Science 1996, 7:237-241.
22. Gathercole S.E., Alloway T.P. Understanding working memory: A classroom guide http://www.psychology.dur.ac.uk/research/wm/myweb15/index.htm.
23. Gathercole S.E., Brown L., Pickering S.J. Working memory assessments at school entry as longitudinal predictors of National Curriculum attainment levels. Educational and Child Psychology 2003, 20:109-122.
24. Gathercole S.E., Pickering S.J. Working memory deficits in children with low achievement in the national curriculum at 7year of age. British Journal of Educational Psychology 2000, 70:177-194.
25. Gathercole S.E., Pickering S.J., Knight C., Stegmann Z. Working memory skills and educational attainment: Evidence from national curriculum assessments at 7 and 14years of age. Applied Cognitive Psychology 2004, 18:1-16.
26. Gauthier L., Dehaut F., Joanette Y. The Bells test: A quantitative and qualitative test for visual neglect. International Journal of Clinical Psychology 1989, 11:49-54.
27. Hitch G.J., Towse J.N., Hutton U. What limits children's working memory span: Theoretical accounts and applications for scholastic development. Journal of Experimental Psychology General 2001, 130:184-198.
28. Holmes J., Gathercole S.E., Place M., Dunning D.L., Hilton K.A., Elliott J.G. Working memory deficits can be overcome: Impacts of training and medication on working memory in children with ADHD. Applied Cognitive Psychology 2010, 24:827-836.
29. Holmes, J., Alloway, T.P., Gathercole, S.E., Hilton, K., Place, M., & Elliott, J. (2008). Working memory and executive function profiles of children with low working memory and children with ADHD. Manuscript submitted for review.
30. Jarvis H.L., Gathercole S.E. Verbal and nonverbal working memory and achievements on national curriculum tests at 11 and 14years of age. Educational and Child Psychology 2003, 20:123-140.
31. Jersild A.T. Mental set and shift. Archives of Psychology 1927, 89.
32. Kane M.J., Engle R.W. Working memory capacity and the control of attention: The contributions of goal neglect, response competition, and task set to stroop interference. Journal of Experimental Psychology General 2003, 132:47-70.
33. Klingberg T., Fernell E., Olesen P.J., Johnson M., Gustafsson P., Dahlstrom K., et al. Computerised training of working memory in children with ADHD-a randomised, controlled trial. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2005, 44:177-186.
34. Logan, G. D. (1994). One the ability to inhibit thought and action: A users guide to the stop-signal paradigm. In D. Dagenbach & T. H. Carr (Eds.), Inhibitory processes in attention, memory and language (pp. 189-239). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
35. Mayringer H., Wimmer H. Pseudoname learning by German-speaking children with dyslexia: Evidence for a phonological learning deficit. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 2000, 75:116-133.
36. Menghini D., Addona R., Costanzo F., Vicari S. Executive functions in individuals with Williams syndrome. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 2010, 54:418-432.
37. Miyake A., Friedman N.P., Emerson M.J., Witzki A.H., Howerter A., Wager T.D. The unity and diversity of executive functions and their contributions to complex 'frontal lobe' tasks: A latent variable analysis. Cognitive Psychology 2000, 41:49-100.
38. Miyake A., Shah P. Models of working memory: Mechanisms of active maintenance and executive control 1999, Cambridge University Press, New York.
39. Monsell S. Control of mental processes. Unsolved mysteries of the mind: Tutorial essays in cognition 1996, 93-148. Lawrence Erlbaum, Hove, UK. V. Bruce (Ed.).
40. Morris N., Jones D.M. Memory updating in working memory: The role of the central executive. British Journal of Psychology 1990, 81:111-121.
41. Navon D. Forest before trees: The precedence of global features in visual perception. Cognitive Psychology 1977, 9:353-383.
42. Oberauer K., Stuss H.M., Wilhelm O., Wittman W.W. The multiple faces of working memory: Storage, processing, supervision, and coordination. Intelligence 2003, 31:167-193.
43. Pickering S.J., Gathercole S.E. Working memory test battery for children 2001, Psychological Corporation, London.
44. Robinson S., Goddard L., Dritschel B., Wisley M., Howlin P. Executive functions in children with autism spectrum disorders. Brain and Cognition 2009, 71:362-368.
45. Salthouse T.A. The processing speed theory of adult age differences in cognition. Psychological Review 1996, 103:403-428.
46. Seigneuric A., Ehrlich M.F., Oakhill J.V., Yuill N.M. Working memory resources and children's reading comprehension. Reading and Writing 2000, 13:81-103.
47. Shallice T. Specific impairments of planning. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 1982, 298:199-209.
48. Siegel L.S., Ryan E.B. The development of working memory in normally achieving and subtypes of learning disabled children. Child Development 1989, 60:973-980.
49. St Clair-Thompson H.L., Gathercole S.E. Executive functions and achievements in school: Shifting, updating, inhibition, and working memory. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A 2006, 59:745-759.
50. St Clair-Thompson H.L., Stevens R., Hunt A., Bolder E. Improving children's working memory and classroom performance. Educational Psychology 2010, 30:203-220.
51. Stroop J.R. Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology 1935, 18:643-662.
52. Swanson H.L. Short- term memory and working memory: Do both contribute to our understanding of academic achievement in children and adults with learning disabilities?. Journal of Learning disabilities 1994, 27:34-50.
53. Swanson H.L., Berniger V.W. Working memory as a source of individual differences in children's writing. Children's writing: Toward a process theory of skilled writing 1995, 31-35. JAI Press, Greenwich, CT. E. Butterfield (Ed.).
54. Towse J.N., Hitch G.J. Is there a relationship between task demand and storage space in tests of working memory capacity?. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 1995, 48:108-124.
55. Unsworth N., Engle R.W. On the division of short-term and working memory: An examination of simple and complex span and their relation to higher order abilities. Psychological Bulletin 2007, 133:1038-1066.
56. Van der Sluis S., de Jong P.F., van der Leij A. Executive functioning in children, and its relations with reasoning, reading, and arithmetic. Intelligence 2007, 35:427-453.