Modeling and production of fully ferrous components by indirect selective laser sintering

Rapid Prototyping Journal

Volumn 17, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 262-268

  Vallabhajosyula, Phani ^a   Bourell, David L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN   (United States)

Author keywords

Ferrous metals; Iron; Lasers; Predictive process; Sintering; Steel

Indexed keywords

CHEMICAL DIFFUSION; CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUMS; COMMERCIAL POLYMERS; COMPLEX GEOMETRIES; DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH; FERROUS METALS; INFILTRATION TEMPERATURES; PART GEOMETRY; POROUS STRUCTURES; PREDICTIVE MODELS; PREDICTIVE PROCESS; RESEARCH LIMITATIONS; SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING; SINTERED STEELS; SOLID FRACTION;

ALLOYING; ALLOYING ELEMENTS; BINDERS; LASER HEATING; MELTING; PREDICTIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS; SEEPAGE; SINTERING; SOIL MECHANICS;

IRON;

EID: 79959603804     PISSN: 13552546     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1108/13552541111138388     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Agarwala, M., Bourell, D.L., Beaman, J.J. and Marcus, H.L. (1995), "Direct selective laser sintering of metals", Rapid Prototyping Journal, Vol. 1 No. 1, pp. 26-36.
2. Ashby, M.F. (1974), "A first report on sintering maps", Acta Metallurgica, Vol. 22, pp. 275-89.
3. ASM Handbook (1992), Alloy Phase Diagrams, 10th ed., Vol. 3, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, pp. 794-6.
4. ASTM A532/A532M - 93a (2003), Standard Specification for Abrasion-resistant Cast Irons, American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA.
5. Barrow, S.L., Bourell, D.L. and Evans, S. (2004), "An initial assessment of infiltration material selection for selective laser sintered preforms", in Bourell, D.L., Crawford, R.H., Beaman, J.J., Wood, K.L. and Marcus, H.L. (Eds), Proceedings of the Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, pp. 220-7.
6. Beaman, J.J., Barlow, J.W., Bourell, D.L., Crawford, R.H., Marcus, H.L. and McAlea, K.P. (1997), Solid Freeform Fabrication: A New Direction In Manufacturing, Kluwer Academic, Boston, MA.
7. Bertrand, P., Bayle, F., Combe, C., Goeuriot, P. and Smurov, I. (2007), "Ceramic components manufacturing by selective laser sintering", Applied Surface Science, Vol. 254, pp. 989-92. (Pubitemid 350138251)
8. Bourell, D.L. and Kaysser, W. (1993), "Effect of nonisothermal heating or cooling on grain growth", Acta Metallurgica Materiallia., Vol. 4 No. 10, pp. 2933-7. (Pubitemid 23715646)
9. Bourell, D.L., Marcus, H.L., Barlow, J.W. and Beaman, J.J. (1992), "Selective laser sintering of metals and ceramics", International Journal of Powder Metallurgy, Vol. 28 No. 4, pp. 369-81.
10. Deckard, C.R. (1989), "Method and apparatus for producing parts by selective sintering", US Patent, 4,863,538, US Patent and Trademark Office, Alexandria, VA.
11. Dewidar, M.M., Jae-Kyoo, L.I.M. and Dalgarno, K.W. (2008), "A comparison between direct and indirect laser sintering of metals", Journal of Materials Science and Technology, Vol. 24 No. 2, pp. 227-32. (Pubitemid 351558843)
12. Duck, J., Niebling, F., Neebe, T. and Otto, A. (2004), "Infiltration as post-processing of laser sintered metal parts", Powder Technology, Vol. 145, pp. 62-8. (Pubitemid 39013968)
13. German, R.M. (1984), Powder Metallurgy Science, Metal Powder Industries Federation, Princeton, NJ.
14. German, R.M. (1998), "Consolidation principles and process molding", ASM Handbook Volume 7: Powder Metal Technologies and Applications, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, pp. 437-52.
15. Kruth, J.P., Mercelis, P., van Vaerenbergh, J., Froyen, L. and Rombouts, M. (2005), "Binding mechanisms in selective laser sintering and selective laser melting", Rapid Prototyping Journal, Vol. 11 No. 1, pp. 26-36. (Pubitemid 40242607)
16. Kumar, S. and Kruth, J.P. (2007), "Effect of bronze infiltration into laser sintered metallic parts", Materials and Design, Vol. 28, pp. 400-7. (Pubitemid 44615921)
17. Lorenz, A.M., Sachs, E.M., Allen, S.M. and Cima, M.J. (2001), "Homogeneous metal parts by infiltration", in Bourell, D.L., Beaman, J.J., Wood, K.L., Crawford, R.H., Marcus, H.L. and Barlow, J.W. (Eds), Proceedings of the Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, pp. 69-76.
18. MacEwan, J.C., Mac Ewan, J.U. and Yaffe, L. (1959), "Diffusion of Ni63 in iron, cobalt, nickel, and two iron-nickel alloys", Canadian Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 37, p. 1629.
19. Manriquez-Frayre, A. and Bourell, D.L. (1990), "Selective laser sintering of binary metallic powders", in Beaman, J.J., Marcus, H.L., Bourell, D.L. and Barlow, J.W. (Eds), Proceedings of the Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, The University of Texas, Austin, TX, pp. 99-106.
20. Samsonov, G.V. and Kovenskiy, I.I. (1963), "State of carbon in carbides of transition metals", Fizika Metallov I Metallovedenie, Vol. 16 No. 6, pp. 904-7.
21. Stevinson, B., Bourell, D.L. and Beaman, J.J. (2006), "Dimensional stability during post-processing of selective laser sintered ceramic preforms", Virtual and Rapid Prototyping, Vol. 4, pp. 209-16.
22. Swinkels, F.B. and Ashby, M.F. (1981), "A second report on sintering maps", Acta Metallurgica, Vol. 29, pp. 259-81.
23. 3D Systems (2007), Material Guide: Laserforme A6 Steel Materials, 3D Systems, Inc., Rock Hill, SC, available at: www.3dsystems.com/
24. Tolochko, N., Mozzharov, S., Laoui, T. and Froyen, L. (2003), "Selective laser sintering of single and two component metal powders", Rapid Prototyping Journal, Vol. 9, pp. 68-78.
25. Agarwala, M., Bourell, D.L., Beaman, J.J., Marcus, H. and Barlow, J. (1995), "Post-processing of selective laser sintered parts", Rapid Prototyping Journal, Vol. 1 No. 2, pp. 36-44.
26. Gu, D., and Shen, Y. (2009), "Balling phenomena in direct laser sintering of stainless steel powder: metallurgical mechanisms and control methods", Materials and Design, Vol. 30, pp. 2903-10.
27. Mead, H.W. and Birchenall, C.E. (1956), "Self diffusion of iron in Austenite", Journal of Metals, Vol. 8 No. 10, p. 1336.