A critical review of the U.S. EPA’s risk assessment for the land application of sewage sludge

New Solutions

Volumn 21, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 43-56

  Mathney, Jennifer M J ^a   Dunn, Mary Lee ^b  

^a BOSTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FERTILIZER;

CHEMISTRY; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; GOVERNMENT; HUMAN; MICROBIOLOGY; POLLUTANT; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; SEWAGE; UNITED STATES;

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; FERTILIZERS; HUMANS; RISK ASSESSMENT; SEWAGE; SOIL MICROBIOLOGY; UNITED STATES; UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY;

EID: 79959601199     PISSN: 10482911     EISSN: 15413772     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2190/NS.21.1.h     Document Type: Review

References (16)

1. National Research Council, Biosolids Applied to Land: Advancing Standards and Practices (Washington DC: The National Academies Press, 2002), http://www.nap. edu/openbook.php?record_id=1042&page=R1.
2. New York State, Department of Environmental Conservation, The Basics of Biosolids, 1999, http://www.dec.ny.gov/docs/materials_minerals_pdf/facts.pdf (accessed December 14, 2009).
3. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Biosolids Technology Fact Sheet: Land Application of Biosolids (EPA 832-F-00-064), 2000, http://www.epa.gov/owm/mtb/land_application.pdf (accessed December 14, 2009).
4. Sludge News, “Sludge News,” http://www.sludgenews.org/(accessed December 14, 2009).
5. Sierra Club, Zero Waste: Land Application of Sewage Sludge, February 2008, http://www.sierraclub.org/policy/conservation/LandApplicationSewageSludge.pdf (accessed December 14, 2009).
6. Caroline Snyder, “Testimony of Caroline Snyder, Ph.D.,” Citizens for Sludge-Free Land, testimony before the U.S. Senate Environment and Public Works Committee, September 11, 2008, http://www.sludgefacts.org/EPWtestimony.pdf (accessed December 14, 2009).
7. E. Z. Harrison, M. B. McBride, and D. R. Bouldin, “Land Application of Sewage Sludges: An Appraisal of the U.S. Regulations,” International Journal of Environment and Pollution 11(1) (1999): 1-36.
8. The Washington Post Company, “Farm Dioxins Won’t be Monitored, Fertilizer Posed Little Risk in Studies, EPA Says,” October 23, 2003, http://www.fass.org/fasstrack/news_item.asp?new_id=1607(accessed December 14, 2009).
9. E. Z. Harrison et al., “Organic chemicals in sewage sludge,” Science of the Total Environment 367 (2006): 481-497.
10. Ellen Z. Harrison and Murray McBride, Case for Caution Revisited: Health and Environmental Impacts of Application of Sewage Sludges to Agricultural Land, March 2009, http://cwmi.css.cornell.edu/case.pdf (accessed December 14, 2009).
11. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Wastewater Management, “Questions and Answers on the Part 503 Risk Assessment,” Chapter 6 in A Guide to the Biosolids Risk Assessment for the EPA Part 503 Rule (EPA/832-B-93-005), September 1995, http://www.epa.gov/owm/mtb/niosolids/503rule/503g_ch6.pdf (accessed December 14, 2009).
12. C. A. Kinney et al., “Survey of Organic Wastewater Contaminants in Biosolids Destined for Land Application,” Environmental Science & Technology 40 (2006): 7207-7215.
13. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Targeted National Sewage Sludge Survey Overview Report (EPA-822-R-08-014), January 2009, http://www.epa.gov/waterscience/biosolids/tnss-overview.pdf (accessed December 14, 2009).
14. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Guidance for Controlling Potential Risk to Workers Exposed to Class B Biosolids (publication no. 2002-149), July 2002, http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2002-149/2002-149.html#path (accessed December 14, 2009).
15. John Heilprin and Kevin S. Vineys, “Court Finally Recognizes Spreading Sewage Sludge on Farmland is a Very Bad Idea,” Organic Consumers Association, March 7, 2008, http://www.organicconsumers.org/articles/article_10789.cfm (accessed December 14, 2009).
16. Eric Fleischauer, “Feds to Test 200 for DU Toxic Waste,” DecaturDaily.com, December 2, 2009. http://www.decaturdaily.com/detail/48713.html (accessed December 14, 2009).