Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein and apolipoprotein E expression is altered in schizophrenia

Frontiers in Psychiatry

Volumn , Issue JUL, 2010, Pages

  Gibbons, Andrew Stuart ^a,b   Thomas, Elizabeth A ^c   Scarr, Elizabeth ^a,b   Dean, Brian ^a,b,d  

^a FLOREY INSTITUTE OF NEUROSCIENCE AND MENTAL HEALTH   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE   (Australia)

^c SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

^d MONASH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Apolipoprotein E; Brodmann's area 46; Low density lipoprotein receptor related proteins; Prefrontal cortex; Schizophrenia

Indexed keywords

EID: 79959590961     PISSN: None     EISSN: 16640640     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2010.00019     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
2. Beisiegel, U., Weber, W., Ihrke, G., Herz, J., and Stanley, K. K. (1989). The LDL receptor related protein, LRP, is an apolipoprotein E-binding protein. Nature 341, 162-164.
3. Bell, R. D., Sagare, A. P., Friedman, A. E., Bedi, G. S., Holtzman, D. M., Deane, R., and Zlokovic, B. V. (2007). Transport pathways for clearance of human Alzheimer's amyloid beta-peptide and apolipoproteins E and J in the mouse central nervous system. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 27, 909-918.
4. Berman, K. F., and Weinberger, D. R. (1990). The prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric diseases - in vivo physiological correlates of cognitive deficits. Prog. Brain Res. 85, 521-537.
5. Bustillo, J. R., Buchanan, R. W., Irish, D., and Breier, A. (1996). Differential effect of clozapine on weight: a controlled study. Am. J. Psychiatry 153, 817-819.
6. Champagne, D., Dupuy, J. B., Rochford, J., and Poirier, J. (2002). Apolipoprotein E knockout mice display procedural deficits in the Morris water maze: Analysis of learning strategies in three versions of the task. Neuroscience 114, 641-654.
7. Chen, J. Y., Hong, C. J., Chiu, H. J., Lin, C. Y., Bai, Y. M., Song, H. L., Lai, H. C., and Tsai, S. J. (1999). Apolipoprotein E genotype and schizophrenia. Neuropsychobiology 39, 141-143.
8. Chomczynski, P., and Sacchi, N. (1987). Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol- chloroform extraction. Analytical Biochemistry. 162: 156-159.
9. de Leon, J., Diaz, F. J., Josiassen, R. C., Cooper, T. B., and Simpson, G. M. (2007). Weight gain during a doubleblind multidosage clozapine study. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 27, 22-27.
10. Dean, B., Digney, A., Sundram, S., Thomas, E., and Scarr, E. (2008). Plasma apolipoprotein E is decreased in schizophrenia spectrum and bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Res 158, 75-78.
11. Dean, B., Laws, S. M., Hone, E., Taddei, K., Scarr, E., Thomas, E. A., Harper, C., McClean, C., Masters, C., Lautenschlager, N., Gandy, S. E., and Martins, R. N. (2003). Increased levels of apolipoprotein E in the frontal cortex of subjects with schizophrenia. Biol. Psychiatry 54, 616-622.
12. Digney, A., Keriakous, D., Scarr, E., Thomas, E., and Dean, B. (2005). Differential changes in apolipoprotein E in schizophrenia and bipolar I disorder. Biol. Psychiatry 57, 711-715.
13. Durany, N., Riederer, P., and Cruz-Sanchez, F. F. (2000). Apolipoprotein E genotype in Spanish schizophrenic patients. Psychiatr. Genet. 10, 73-77
14. Gibbons, A. S., Scarr, E., McOmish, C. E., Hannan, A. J., Thomas, E. A., and Dean, B. (2008). Regulator of G-protein signalling 4 expression is not altered in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia. Aust. N. Z. J. Psychiatry 42, 740-745.
15. Gibbons, A. S., Thomas, E. A., and Dean, B. (2009). Regional and duration of illness differences in the alteration of NCAM-180 mRNA expression within the cortex of subjects with schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 112, 65-71.
16. Gliner, J. A., Morgan, G. A., and Harmon, R. J. (2002). Basic associated designs: analysis and interpretation. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 41, 1256-1258.
17. Harrington, C. R., Roth, M., Xuereb, J. H., McKenna, P. J., and Wischik, C. M. (1995). Apolipoprotein E type epsilon4 allele frequency is increased in patients with schizophrenia. Neurosci. Lett. 202, 101-104.
18. Hoe, H. S., Pocivavsek, A., Chakraborty, G., Fu, Z. Y., Vicini, S., Ehlers, M. D., and Rebeck, G. W. (2006). Apolipoprotein E receptor 2 interactions with the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. J. Biol. Chem. 281, 3425-3431.
19. Kawakubo, Y., Rogers, M. A., and Kasai, K. (2006). Procedural memory predicts social skills in persons with schizophrenia. J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. 194, 625-627.
20. Keks, N., Hill, C., Opeskin, K., Copolov, D. L., and Dean, B. (1999). "Psychiatric diagnosis after death: the problems of accurate diagnosis," in Using CNS Tissue in Psychiatry Research: a Practical Guide, eds B. Dean, T M. Hyde, J E. Klienman (Sydney: J. Gordon & Breach Science Publishers), 19-37.
21. Kingsbury, A. E., Foster, O. J., Nisbet, A. P., Cairns, N., Bray, L., Eve, D. J., Lees, A. J., and Marsden, C. D. (1995). Tissue pH as an indicator of mRNA preservation in human post-mortem brain. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 28, 311-318.
22. Lee, M. K., Park, A. J., Nam, B. Y., Min, K. J., Kee, B. S., and Park, D. B. (2001). Apolipoprotein E genotype in Korean schizophrenic patients. J. Korean Med. Sci. 16, 781-783.
23. Levy, R., and Goldman-Rakic, P. S. (1999). Association of storage and processing functions in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of the nonhuman primate. J. Neurosci. 19, 5149-5158.
24. Mackin, P., Watkinson, H. M., and Young, A. H. (2005). Prevalence of obesity, glucose homeostasis disorders and metabolic syndrome in psychiatric patients taking typical or atypical antipsychotic drugs: a cross-sectional study. Diabetologia 48, 215-221.
25. Martinoli, M. G., Trojanowski, J. Q., Schmidt, M. L., Arnold, S. E., Fujiwara, T. M., Lee, V. M. Y., Hurtig, H., Julien, J. P., and Clark, C. (1995). Association of apolipoprotein epsilon-4 allele and neuropathologic findings in patients with dementia. Acta Neuropathol. 90, 239-243.
26. May, P., and Herz, J. (2003). LDL receptorrelated proteins in neurodevelopment. Traffic 4, 291-301.
27. May, P., Herz, J., and Bock, H. H. (2005). Molecular mechanisms of lipoprotein receptor signalling. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 62, 2325-2338.
28. Mimmack, M. L., Ryan, M., Baba, H., Navarro-Ruiz, J., Iritani, S., Faull, R. L. M., McKenna, P. J., Jones, P. B., Arai, H., Starkey, M., Emson, P. C., and Bahn, S. (2002). Gene expression analysis in schizophrenia: Reproducible upregulation of several members of the apolipoprotein L family located in a high-susceptibility locus for schizophrenia on chromosome 22. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99, 4680-4685.
29. Morey, J. S., Ryan, J. C., and Van Dolah, F. M. (2006). Microarray validation: factors influencing correlation between oligonucleotide microarrays and real-time PCR. Biol. Proced. Online 175-193.
30. Narayan, S., Head, S. R., Gilmartin, T. J., Dean, B., and Thomas, E. A. (2009). Evidence for Disruption of Sphingolipid Metabolism in Schizophrenia. J. Neurosci. Res. 87, 278-288.
31. Narayan, S., Tang, B., Head, S. R., Gilmartin, T. J., Sutcliffe, J. G., Dean, B., and Thomas, E. A. (2008). Molecular profiles of schizophrenia in the CNS at different stages of illness. Brain Res. 1239, 235-248.
32. Patel, J. K., Buckley, P. F., Woolson, S., Hamer, R. M., McEvoy, J. P., Perkins, D. O., Lieberman, J. A., and Investigators, C. (2009). Metabolic profiles of second-generation antipsychotics in early psychosis: Findings from the CAFE study. Schizophr. Res. 111, 9-16.
33. Perlstein, W. M., Carter, C. S., Noll, D. C., and Cohen, J. D. (2001). Relation of prefrontal cortex dysfunction to working memory and symptoms in schizophrenia. Am. J. Psychiatry 158, 1105-1113.
34. Scarr, E., Gray, L., Keriakous, D., Robinson, P. J., and Dean, B. (2006a). Increased levels of SNAP-25 and synaptophysin in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in bipolar I disorder. Bipolar Disord 8, 133-143.
35. Scarr, E., Keriakous, D., Crossland, N., and Dean, B. (2006b). No change in cortical muscarinic M2, M3 receptors or [35S]GTP[gamma]S binding in schizophrenia. Life Sci. 78, 1231-1237.
36. Sugiyama, T., Kumagai, H., Morikawa, Y., Wada, Y., Sugiyama, A., Yasuda, K., Yokoi, N., Tamura, S., Kojima, T., Nosaka, T., Senba, E., Kimura, S., Kadowaki, T., Kodama, T., and Kitamura, T. (2000). A novel low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein mediating cellular uptake of apolipoprotein E-enriched beta-VLDL in vitro. Biochemistry 39, 15817-15825.
37. Tamai, K., Semenov, M., Kato, Y., Spokony, R., Liu, C. M., Katsuyama, Y., Hess, F., Saint-Jeannet, J. P., and He, X. (2000). LDLreceptor-related proteins in Wnt signal transduction. Nature 407, 530-535.
38. Thibaut, F., Coron, B., Hannequin, D., Segard, L., Martin, C., Dollfus, S., Campion, D., Frebourg, T., and Petit, M. (1998). No association of apolipoprotein epsilon 4 allele with schizophrenia even in cognitively impaired patients. Schizophr. Res. 30, 149-153.
39. Thomas, E. A., Dean, B., Pavey, G., and Sutcliffe, J. G. (2001). Increased CNS levels of apolipoprotein D in schizophrenic and bipolar subjects: Implications for the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98, 4066-4071.
40. Tkachev, D., Mimmack, M. L., Huffaker, S. J., Ryan, M., and Bahn, S. (2007). Further evidence for altered myelin biosynthesis and glutamatergic dysfunction in schizophrenia. Int. J. Neuropsychopharmacol. 10, 557-563.
41. Troen, A. M., Shukitt-Hale, B., Chao, W. H., Albuquerque, B., Smith, D. E., Selhub, J., and Rosenberg, I. H. (2006). The cognitive impact of nutritional homocysteinemia in Apolipoprotein-E deficient mice. J. Alzheimers Dis. 9, 381-392.
42. Vik-Mo, A. O., Ferno, J., Skrede, S., and Steen, V. M. (2009). Psychotropic drugs up-regulate the expression of cholesterol transport proteins including ApoE in cultured human CNS- and liver cells. BMC Pharmacol. 9, 10.
43. Yoon, J. H., Minzenberg, M. J., Ursu, S., Walters, R., Wendelken, C., Ragland, J. D., and Carter, C. S. (2008). Association of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex dysfunction with disrupted coordinated brain activity in schizophrenia: relationship with impaired cognition, behavioral disorganization, and global function. Am. J. Psychiatry 165, 1006-1014.