Understanding the gender disparity in HIV infection across countries in sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from the Demographic and Health Surveys

Sociology of Health and Illness

Volumn 33, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 522-539

  Magadi, Monica Akinyi ^a  

^a CITY UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Cross national variation; Demographic and health surveys; Gender disparity; HIV infection; Sub saharan africa

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA; ARTICLE; FEMALE; HEALTH DISPARITY; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; MALE; RISK; SEX DIFFERENCE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA; FEMALE; HEALTH STATUS DISPARITIES; HEALTH SURVEYS; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; MALE; ODDS RATIO; SEX FACTORS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 79959570248     PISSN: 01419889     EISSN: 14679566     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9566.2010.01304.x     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Ackermann, L. and De Klerk, G.W. (2002) Social factors that make South African women vulnerable to HIV infection, Health Care for Woman International, 23, 2.
2. Babalola, S., Tambashe, B.O. and Vondrasek, C. (2005) Parental factors and sexual risk-taking among young people in Côte d'Ivoire, African Journal of Reproductive Health, 9, 1.
3. Boileau, C., Zunzunegui, M.V. and Rashed, S. (2009) Gender differences in unsafe sexual behavior among young people in urban Mali, AIDS Care - Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV, 21, 8, 1014-24.
4. Chen, L., Jha, P., Stirling, B., Sgaier, S.K., et al. (2007) Sexual risk factors for HIV infection in early and advanced HIV epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa: systematic overview of 68 epidemiological studies, PLoS ONE, 2, 10.
5. Clark, S., Bruce, J. and Dude, A. (2006) Protecting young women from HIV/AIDS: the case against child and adolescent marriage, International Family Planning Perspectives, 32, 2, 79-88.
6. Dunkle, K.L., Jewkes, R.K. Brown and H.C., et al. (2004) Gender-based violence, relationship power, and risk of HIV infection in women attending antenatal clinics in South Africa, Lancet, 363, 9419, 1415-21.
7. Glynn, J.R., Caraël, M., Auvert, B., Kahindo, M., et al. (2001) Why do young women have a much higher prevalence of HIV than young men? A study in Kisumu, Kenya and Ndola, Zambia, AIDS, 15, Suppl. 4, S51-60.
8. Goldstein, H. (2003) Multilevel statistical models (3rd edn). London: Arnold.
9. Gouws E, Stanecki K., Lyerla R. and Ghys P. (2008) The epidemiology of HIV infection among young people aged 15-24years in southern Africa, AIDS, 22, Supp, 4.
10. Hedden, S.L., Whitaker, D., Floyd, L. and Latimer, W.W. (2009) Gender differences in the prevalence and behavioral risk factors of HIV in South African drug users, AIDS and Behavior, 13, 2, 288-96.
11. ICF Macro (2010) HIV Prevalence Estimates from the Demographic and Health Surveys. Calverton: ICF Macro.
12. Jewkes, R.K., Levin, J.B. and Penn-Kekana, L.A. (2003) Gender inequalities, intimate partner violence and HIV preventive practices: findings of a South African cross-sectional study, Social Science and Medicine, 56, 1, 125-34.
13. Langen, T.T. (2005) Gender power imbalance on women's capacity to negotiate self-protection against HIV/AIDS in Botswana and South Africa, African Health Sciences, 5, 3, 188-97.
14. MacPhail, C., Williams, B.G. and Campbell, C. (2002) Relative risk of HIV infection among young men and women in a South African township, International Journal of STD and AIDS, 13, 5, 331-42.
15. Madkan, V.K., Giancola, A.A., Sra, K.K. and Tyring, S.K. (2006) Sex differences in the transmission, prevention and disease manifestations of sexually transmitted diseases, Archives of Dermatology, 142, 3, 365-70.
16. Ngom, P., Magadi, M.A. and Owuor, T. (2003) Parental presence and adolescent reproductive health among the Nairobi urban poor Journal of Adolescent Health, 33, 5, 369-77.
17. Nicolosi, A., Leite, M.L.C., Musicco, M., Arici, C., Gavazzeni, G. and Lazzarin, A. (1994) The efficiency of male-to-female and female-to-male sexual transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus: a study of 730 stable couples, Epidemiology, 5, 6, 570-75.
18. Obermeyer, C.M, Sankara, A., Bastien, V. and Parsons, M. (2009) Gender and HIV testing in Burkina Faso: an exploratory study. Social Science and Medicine, 69, 6, 877-84.
19. Pettifor, A., O'Brien, K., Macphail, C., Miller, W.C. and Rees, H. (2009) Early coital debut and associated HIV risk factors among young women and men in South Africa, International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 35, 2, 82-90.
20. Rasbash, J., Steele, F., Browne, W. and Goldstein, H. (2009) A Users Guide to MLwiN, Version 2.10. Centre for Multilevel Modelling, Bristol: University of Bristol.
21. Rosenthal, D., Smith, A. and Visser, R. (1999) Personal and social factors influencing age at first sexual intercourse, Archives of Sexual Behavior, 28, 4, 319-33.
22. Sa, Z. and Larsen, U. (2008) Gender inequality increases women's risk of HIV infection in Moshi, Tanzania, Journal of Biosocial Science, 40, 4, 505-25.
23. Türmen, T. (2003) Gender and HIV/AIDS, International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 82, 3, 411-18.
24. UNAIDS (2003) HIV/AIDS and Young People: Hope for Tomorrow. Geneva: UNAIDS.
25. UNAIDS (2004) Women and HIV/AIDS: Confronting the Crisis. Geneva: UNAIDS.
26. UNAIDS (2008) 2008 Global AIDS Epidemic Update. Geneva: UNAIDS.
27. UNAIDS and WHO (2009) AIDS Epidemic Update. December 2009. Geneva: UNAIDS.
28. Upchurch, D.M. and Kusunoki, Y. (2004) Associations between forced sex, sexual and protective practices, and sexually transmitted diseases among a national sample of adolescent girls, Women's Health Issues, 14, 3, 75-84.
29. World Health Organization (WHO) (2003) Gender and HIV/AIDS Gender and Health. Geneva: WHO Department of Gender and Women's Health.
30. Van Der Straten, A., King, R., Grinstead, O., Vittinghoff, E., et al. (1998) Sexual coercion, physical violence, and HIV infection among women in steady relationships in Kigali, Rwanda, AIDS and Behavior, 2, 1, 61-73.