Saltopus, a dinosauriform from the Upper Triassic of Scotland

Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh

Volumn 101, Issue 3-4, 2010, Pages 285-299

  Benton, Michael J ^a   Walker, Alick D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Avemetatarsalia; Dinosauria; Dinosauromorpha; Elgin reptiles; Lossiemouth Sandstone Formation; Ornithodira

Indexed keywords

CLADISTICS; DINOSAUR; SANDSTONE; TRIASSIC;

SCOTLAND; UNITED KINGDOM;

DINOSAURIA; DINOSAUROMORPHA; ORNITHODIRA; REPTILIA; THEROPODA;

EID: 79959475043     PISSN: 17556910     EISSN: 17556929     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S1755691011020081     Document Type: Review

References (64)

1. Agassiz, L. 1844. Monographie des poissons fossiles du Vieux Grés Rouge ou Systéme Dévonien (Old Red Sandstone) des Iles Britanniques et de Russie. Neuchâtel: Jent et Gassman. 171 pp.
2. Arcucci, A. B. 1987. Un nuevo Lagosuchidae (Thecodontia-Pseudosuchia) de la Fauna de los Chañares (Edad Reptil Chañarense, Triásico medio), La Rioja, Argentina. Ameghiniana 24, 89-94.
3. Benton, M. J. 1983. The rhynchosaur Hyperodapedon gordoni from the late Triassic of Elgin: functional morphology and relationships. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 302, 605-718.
4. Benton, M. J. 1985. Classification and phylogeny of the diapsid reptiles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 84, 97-164.
5. Benton, M. J. 1999. Scleromochlus taylori and the origin of dinosaurs and pterosaurs. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 354, 1423-46. (Pubitemid 29423085)
6. Benton, M. J., Martill, D. M. & Taylor, M. A. 1995. The first Lower Jurassic dinosaur from Scotland: limb bone of a ceratosaur theropod from Skye. Scottish Journal of Geology 31, 177-82. (Pubitemid 26460254)
7. Benton, M. J. & Spencer, P. S. 1995. Fossil Reptiles of Great Britain. London: Chapman & Hall.
8. Benton, M. J. & Walker, A. D. 1985. Palaeoecology, taphonomy, and dating of Permo-Triassic reptiles from Elgin, north-east Scotland. Palaeontology 28, 207-34. (Pubitemid 16300026)
9. Benton, M. J. & Walker, A. D. 2002. Erpetosuchus, a crocodilelike basal archosaur from the Late Triassic of Elgin, Scotland. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 136, 25-47.
10. Brusatte, S. L., Benton, M. J., Ruta, M. & Lloyd, G. T. 2008. Superiority, competition and opportunism in the evolutionary radiation of dinosaurs. Science 321, 1485-88.
11. Brusatte, S. L., Benton, M. J., Desojo, J. B. & Langer, M. C. 2010. The higher-level phylogeny of Archosauria (Tetrapoda: Diapsida). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 8, 3-47.
12. Brusatte, S. L., Benton, M. J., Lloyd, G. T., Ruta, M. & Wang, S. C. 2011. Macroevolutionary patterns in the evolutionary radiation of archosaurs (Tetrapoda: Diapsida. Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 101 (for 2010), 367-82.
13. Cope, E. D. 1869. Synopsis of the extinct Batrachia, Reptilia and Aves of North America. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, New Series 14, 1-252.
14. Cope, E. D. 1889. Synopsis of the families of the Vertebrata. American Naturalist 23, 849-77.
15. Dzik, J. 2003. A beaked herbivorous archosaur with dinosaur affinities from the early Late Triassic of Poland. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23, 556-74. (Pubitemid 37379367)
16. Fraser, N. C. & Benton, M. J. 1989. The Triassic reptiles Brachyrhi-nodon and Polysphenodon and the relationships of the sphenodon-tids. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 96, 413-45.
17. Furin, S., Preto, N., Rigo, M., Roghi, G., Gianolla, P., Crowley, J. L. & Bowring, S. A. 2006. High-precision U-Pb zircon age from the Triassic of Italy: Implications for the Triassic time scale and the Carnian origin of calcareous nannoplankton and dinosaurs. Geology 34, 1009-12. (Pubitemid 44932745)
18. Gauthier, J. A. 1986. Saurischian monophyly and the origin of birds. Memoirs of the Californian Academy of Sciences 8, 1-55.
19. Haeckel, E. 1866. Generelle Morphologie der Organismen. Allgemeine Grundzüge der organischen Formen-Wissenschaft, mechanisch begründet durch die von Charles Darwin reformirte Descendenz-Theorie. Berlin: Georg Reimer.
20. Heckert, A. B. & Lucas, S. G. 2000. Global correlation of the Triassic theropod record. Gaia 15, 63-74.
21. Hildebrand, M. 1974. Analysis of Vertebrate Structure. New York: Wiley.
22. Huene, F. von 1908. Die Dinosaurier der europäischen Triasformation mit Berücksichtigung der aussereuropäischen Vorkommnisse. Geologische und Paläontologische Abhandlungen, Neue Folgung, Supplement-Band 1, 1-419.
23. Huene, F. von 1910a. Ein primitiver Dinosaurier aus der mittleren Trias von Elgin. Geologische und Paläontologische Abhandlungen, Neue Folgung 8, 315-22.
24. Huene, F. von 1910b. Über einen echten Rhynchocephalen aus der Trias von Elgin, Brachyrḧinodon taylori. Neues Jahrbuch fü r Geologie, Mineralogie, und Paläontologie 1910, 29-62.
25. Huene, F. von 1914. Beiträge zur Geschichte der Archosaurier. Geologische und Paläontologische Abhandlungen, Neue Folgung 13, 1-53.
26. Huene, F. von. 1946. Die grossen Stämme der Tetrapoden in den geologischen Zeiten. Biologische Zentralblatt 65, 268-75.
27. Huxley, T. H. 1859. Description of Hyperodapedon gordoni. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London 15, 435.
28. Huxley, T. H. 1867. On a new specimen of Telerpeton elginense. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London 23, 77-84.
29. Huxley, T. H. 1877. The crocodilian remains found in the Elgin sandstones, with remarks on the ichnites of Cummingstone. Memoirs of the Geological Survey of the United Kingdom 3, 1-58.
30. Irmis, R. B. & Mundil, R. 2008. New age constraints from the Chinle Formation revise global comparisons of Late Triassic vertebrate assemblages. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28, 95A.
31. Irmis, R. B., Nesbitt, S. J., Padian, K., Smith, N. D., Turner, A. H., Woody, D. & Downs, A. 2007. A Late Triassic dinosauromorph assemblage from New Mexico and the rise of dinosaurs. Science 317, 358-61. (Pubitemid 47106373)
32. Langer, M. C. 2004. Basal Saurischia. In Weishampel, D. B., Dodson, P. & Osmólska, H. (eds) The Dinosauria (2nd edn), 25-46. Berkeley: University of California Press.
33. Langer, M. C. & Benton, M. J. 2006. Early dinosaurs: a phylogenetic study. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 4, 309-58. (Pubitemid 44639293)
34. Langer, M. C., Ezcurra, M. D., Bittencourt, J. S. & Novas, F. E. 2010. The origin and early evolution of dinosaurs. Biological Reviews 85, 55-110.
35. Lucas, S. G. 1998. Global Triassic tetrapod biostratigraphy and biochronology. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecol-ogy 143, 347-84. (Pubitemid 28523712)
36. Lydekker, R. 1887. The fossil Vertebrata of India. Records of the Geological Survey of India 20, 51-80.
37. Mundil, R., Pálfy, J., Renne, P. R. & Brack, P. 2010. The Triassic timescale: new constraints and a review of geochronological data. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 334, 41-60.
38. Muttoni, G., Kent, D. V., Olsen, P. E., Di Stefano, P., Lowrie, W., Bernasconi, S. M. & Hernández, F. M. 2004. Tethyan magneto-stratigraphy from Pizzo Mondello (Sicily) and correlation to the Late Triassic Newark astrochronological polarity time scale. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 116, 1043-58. (Pubitemid 39306381)
39. Naish, D. & Martill, D. M. 2007. Dinosaurs of Great Britain and the role of the Geological Society of London in their discovery: Saurischia. Journal of the Geological Society, London 164, 493-510. (Pubitemid 46710797)
40. Nesbitt, S. J., Irmis, R. B., Parker, W. G., Smith, N. D., Turner, A. H. & Rowe, T. 2009a. Hindlimb osteology and distribution of basal dinosauromorphs from the Late Triassic of North America. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29, 498-516.
41. Nesbitt, S. J., Smith, N. D., Irmis, R. B., Turner, A. H., Downs, A. & Norell, M. A. 2009b. A complete skeleton of a Late Triassic saurischian and the early evolution of dinosaurs. Science 326, 1530-33.
42. Nesbitt, S. J., Sidor, C. A., Irmis, R. B., Angielczyk, K. D., Smith, R. H. M. & Tsuji, L. A. 2010. Ecologically distinct dinosaurian sister group shows early diversification of Ornithodira. Nature 464, 95-98.
43. Newton, E. T. 1894. Reptiles from the Elgin Sandstone. Description of two new genera. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 184, 573-603.
44. Norman, D. B. 1990. Problematic Theropoda: 'coelurosaurs'. In Weishampel, D. B., Dodson, P. & Osmólska, H. (eds) The Dinosauria, 280-305. Berkeley: University of California Press.
45. Novas, F. E. 1992. Phylogenetic relationships of the basal dinosaurs, the Herrerasauridae. Palaeontology 35, 51-62. (Pubitemid 23389298)
46. Novas, F. E. 1993. New information on the systematics and post-cranial skeleton of Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis (Theropoda: Herrerasauridae) from the Ischigualasto Formation (Upper Triassic) of Argentina. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 13, 400-23.
47. Osborn, H. F. 1903. The reptilian subclasses Diapsida and Synapsida and the early history of the Diaptosauria. Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History 1, 449-508.
48. Owen, R. 1842. Report on British fossil reptiles. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 11, 60-204.
49. Owen, R. 1851. Vertebrate air-breathing life in the Old Red Sandstone. Literary Gazette 1851, 900.
50. Rauhut, O. W. M. & Hungerbühler, A. 2000. A review of European Triassic theropods. Gaia 15, 75-88.
51. Romer, A. S. 1966. Vertebrate Paleontology. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press.
52. Säilä, L. K. 2010. Osteology of Leptopleuron lacertinum Owen, a prolophonoid parareptile from the Upper Triassic of Scotland, with remarks on ontogeny, ecology and affinities. Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 101, 1-25.
53. Sereno, P. C. & Arcucci, A. B. 1990. The monophyly of crurotarsal archosaurs and the origin of bird and crocodile ankle. Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 180, 21-52.
54. Sereno, P. C. & Arcucci, A. B. 1993. Dinosaurian precursors from the Middle Triassic of Argentina: Lagerpeton chanarensis. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 13, 385-99.
55. Sereno, P. C. & Arcucci, A. B. 1994. Dinosaurian precursors from the Middle Triassic of Argentina: Marasuchus lilloensis, gen. nov. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 14, 53-73.
56. Steel, R. 1970. Saurischia. Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie 14, 1-87.
57. Walker, A. D. 1961 Triassic reptiles from the Elgin area: Stagonolepis, Dasygnathus and their allies. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 244, 361-79.
58. Walker, A. D. 1964. Triassic reptiles from the Elgin area: Ornitho-suchus and the origin of carnosaurs. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 248, 53-134.
59. Walker, A. D. 1970. A revision of the Jurassic reptile Hallopus victor (Marsh). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 257, 323-72.
60. Warrington, G., Audley-Charles, M. G., Elliott, R. E., Evans, W. B., Ivimey-Cook, H. C., Kent, P. E., Robinson, P. L., Shotton, F. W. & Taylor, F. M. 1980. A correlation of Triassic rocks in the British Isles. Geological Society, London, Special Report No. 13.
61. Watson, D. M. S. 1917. A sketch-classification of the pre-Jurassic tetrapod vertebrates. Proceedings of the Zoological Society, London 1917, 167-86.
62. Wilkinson, M. & Benton, M. J. 1996. Sphenodontid phylogeny and the problems of multiple trees. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 351, 1-16. (Pubitemid 126745315)
63. Williston, S. W. 1925. The osteology of reptiles. Cambridge, Masachussetts: Harvard University Press.
64. Woodward, A. S. 1907. On a new dinosaurian reptile (Scleromochlus taylori, gen. et sp. nov.) from the Trias of Lossiemouth, Elgin. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London 63, 140-44.