메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 222, Issue 14, 2011, Pages 2178-2190

Modeling fecundity in birds: Conceptual overview, current models, and considerations for future developments

Author keywords

Birds; Individual based model; Markov chain; Partial differential equations; Reproductive success; Seasonal fecundity

Indexed keywords

INDIVIDUAL-BASED MODELS; MARKOV CHAIN; PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; SEASONAL FECUNDITY;

EID: 79959351577     PISSN: 03043800     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2010.10.013     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (47)

References (139)
  • 2
    • 14044252901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing the accuracy of productivity and survival estimates in assessing land bird population status
    • Anders A.D., Marshall M.R. Increasing the accuracy of productivity and survival estimates in assessing land bird population status. Conserv. Biol. 2005, 19:66-74.
    • (2005) Conserv. Biol. , vol.19 , pp. 66-74
    • Anders, A.D.1    Marshall, M.R.2
  • 3
    • 0029978496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nest predation by cowbirds, and its consequences for passerine demography
    • Arcese P., Smith J.N.M., Hatch M.I. Nest predation by cowbirds, and its consequences for passerine demography. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1996, 93:4608-4611.
    • (1996) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.93 , pp. 4608-4611
    • Arcese, P.1    Smith, J.N.M.2    Hatch, M.I.3
  • 4
    • 39649097455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incorporating results of avian toxicity tests into a model of annual reproductive success
    • Bennett R.S., Etterson M.A. Incorporating results of avian toxicity tests into a model of annual reproductive success. Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. 2007, 3:498-507.
    • (2007) Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag. , vol.3 , pp. 498-507
    • Bennett, R.S.1    Etterson, M.A.2
  • 5
    • 0002552356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus)
    • The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, A. Poole, F. Gill (Eds.)
    • Brennan L.A. Northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus). The Birds of North America 397 1999, The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington. A. Poole, F. Gill (Eds.).
    • (1999) The Birds of North America 397
    • Brennan, L.A.1
  • 6
    • 0036093963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproduction and survival in a variable environment: Ural owls (Strix uralensis) and the three-year vole cycle
    • Brommer J.E., Pietiäinen H., Kolunen H. Reproduction and survival in a variable environment: Ural owls (Strix uralensis) and the three-year vole cycle. Auk 2002, 119:544-550.
    • (2002) Auk , vol.119 , pp. 544-550
    • Brommer, J.E.1    Pietiäinen, H.2    Kolunen, H.3
  • 7
    • 0029476555 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive strategies, success, and mating systems of northern bobwhite in Missouri
    • Burger L.W., Ryan M.R., Dailey T.V., Kurzejeski E.W. Reproductive strategies, success, and mating systems of northern bobwhite in Missouri. J. Wildl. Manage. 1995, 59:417-426.
    • (1995) J. Wildl. Manage. , vol.59 , pp. 417-426
    • Burger, L.W.1    Ryan, M.R.2    Dailey, T.V.3    Kurzejeski, E.W.4
  • 9
    • 0026307959 scopus 로고
    • Estimation of demographic parameters in bird populations
    • Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, C.M. Perrins, J.D. Lebreton, G.J.M. Hirons (Eds.)
    • Clobert J., Lebreton J.D. Estimation of demographic parameters in bird populations. Bird Population Studies: Relevance to Conservation and Management 1991, 75-104. Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford. C.M. Perrins, J.D. Lebreton, G.J.M. Hirons (Eds.).
    • (1991) Bird Population Studies: Relevance to Conservation and Management , pp. 75-104
    • Clobert, J.1    Lebreton, J.D.2
  • 11
    • 0027460971 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal changes in clutch size in British birds
    • Crick H.Q.P., Gibbons D.W., Magrath R.D. Seasonal changes in clutch size in British birds. J. Anim. Ecol. 1993, 62:263-273.
    • (1993) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.62 , pp. 263-273
    • Crick, H.Q.P.1    Gibbons, D.W.2    Magrath, R.D.3
  • 15
    • 0033837395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative seasonal fecundity of four Neotropical migrants in middle Appalachia
    • DeCecco J.A., Marshall M.R., Williams A.B., Gale G.A., Cooper R.J. Comparative seasonal fecundity of four Neotropical migrants in middle Appalachia. Condor 2000, 102:653-663.
    • (2000) Condor , vol.102 , pp. 653-663
    • DeCecco, J.A.1    Marshall, M.R.2    Williams, A.B.3    Gale, G.A.4    Cooper, R.J.5
  • 16
    • 0001640023 scopus 로고
    • Productivity indices and survival rate estimates from MAPS, a continent-wide programme of constant-effort mist-netting in North America
    • DeSante D.F., Burton K.M., Saracco J.F., Walker B.L. Productivity indices and survival rate estimates from MAPS, a continent-wide programme of constant-effort mist-netting in North America. J. Appl. Stat. 1995, 22:935-948.
    • (1995) J. Appl. Stat. , vol.22 , pp. 935-948
    • DeSante, D.F.1    Burton, K.M.2    Saracco, J.F.3    Walker, B.L.4
  • 17
    • 0038477016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advanced techniques for modeling avian nest survival
    • Dinsmore S.J., White G.C., Knopf F.L. Advanced techniques for modeling avian nest survival. Ecology 2002, 83:3476-3488.
    • (2002) Ecology , vol.83 , pp. 3476-3488
    • Dinsmore, S.J.1    White, G.C.2    Knopf, F.L.3
  • 18
    • 0028995566 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive success of migratory birds in habitat sources and sinks
    • Donovan T.M., Thomson F.R., Faaborg J., Probst J. Reproductive success of migratory birds in habitat sources and sinks. Conserv. Biol. 1995, 9:1380-1395.
    • (1995) Conserv. Biol. , vol.9 , pp. 1380-1395
    • Donovan, T.M.1    Thomson, F.R.2    Faaborg, J.3    Probst, J.4
  • 19
    • 79959354777 scopus 로고
    • Aspects of mallard breeding ecology in Canadian parkland and grassland. In: Smith, R.I., Palmer, J.R., and Baskett, T.S. (Eds.), Population Ecology of Migratory Birds. U.S. Fish Wildl Serv Research Report no. 2
    • Dzubin, A., Gallop, J.B., 1972. Aspects of mallard breeding ecology in Canadian parkland and grassland. In: Smith, R.I., Palmer, J.R., and Baskett, T.S. (Eds.), Population Ecology of Migratory Birds. U.S. Fish Wildl Serv Research Report no. 2, pp. 113-152.
    • (1972) , pp. 113-152
    • Dzubin, A.1    Gallop, J.B.2
  • 20
    • 79959358880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parental decisions following partial depredation on northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) nests. Stud. Av. Biol., in press.
    • Ellis-Felege, S.N., Miller, A., Burnam, J.S., Wellendorf, S.D., Sisson, D.C., Palmer, W.E., Carroll, J.P. Parental decisions following partial depredation on northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) nests. Stud. Av. Biol., in press.
    • Ellis-Felege, S.N.1    Miller, A.2    Burnam, J.S.3    Wellendorf, S.D.4    Sisson, D.C.5    Palmer, W.E.6    Carroll, J.P.7
  • 21
    • 79959366744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sources, sinks and model accuracy. In: Liu, J., Hull, V., Morzillo, A., Wiens, J. (Eds.), Sources, Sinks, and Sustainability. Cambridge Univ Press, in press.
    • Etterson, M.A., Olsen, B.J., Greenberg, R., Shriver, G. Sources, sinks and model accuracy. In: Liu, J., Hull, V., Morzillo, A., Wiens, J. (Eds.), Sources, Sinks, and Sustainability. Cambridge Univ Press, in press.
    • Etterson, M.A.1    Olsen, B.J.2    Greenberg, R.3    Shriver, G.4
  • 22
    • 34249025720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Partitioning risk among different causes of nest failure
    • Etterson M.A., Nagy L.R., Rodden-Robinson T. Partitioning risk among different causes of nest failure. Auk 2007, 124:432-443.
    • (2007) Auk , vol.124 , pp. 432-443
    • Etterson, M.A.1    Nagy, L.R.2    Rodden-Robinson, T.3
  • 23
    • 34547488940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The analysis of covariates in multi-fate Markov chain nest-failure models
    • Etterson M.A., Olsen B.J., Greenberg R. The analysis of covariates in multi-fate Markov chain nest-failure models. Stud. Av. Biol. 2007, 34:55-64.
    • (2007) Stud. Av. Biol. , vol.34 , pp. 55-64
    • Etterson, M.A.1    Olsen, B.J.2    Greenberg, R.3
  • 24
    • 65349127884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incorporating classification uncertainty in competing-risks nest-failure analysis
    • Etterson M.A., Stanley T.R. Incorporating classification uncertainty in competing-risks nest-failure analysis. Auk 2008, 125:687-699.
    • (2008) Auk , vol.125 , pp. 687-699
    • Etterson, M.A.1    Stanley, T.R.2
  • 26
    • 78649360652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common loon (Gavia immer)
    • The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, A. Poole, F. Gill (Eds.)
    • Evers D.C., Paruk J.D., McIntyre J.W., Barr J.F. Common loon (Gavia immer). The Birds of North America, No. 313 2010, The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington. A. Poole, F. Gill (Eds.).
    • (2010) The Birds of North America, No. 313
    • Evers, D.C.1    Paruk, J.D.2    McIntyre, J.W.3    Barr, J.F.4
  • 27
    • 0035210776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How many baskets? Clutch sizes that maximize annual fecundity of multiple-brooded birds
    • Farnsworth G.L., Simons T.R. How many baskets? Clutch sizes that maximize annual fecundity of multiple-brooded birds. Auk 2001, 4:973-982.
    • (2001) Auk , vol.4 , pp. 973-982
    • Farnsworth, G.L.1    Simons, T.R.2
  • 28
    • 23044472972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between Mayfield nest-survival estimates and seasonal fecundity: a cautionary reply
    • Farnsworth G.L., Simons T.R. Relationship between Mayfield nest-survival estimates and seasonal fecundity: a cautionary reply. Auk 2005, 122:1000-1001.
    • (2005) Auk , vol.122 , pp. 1000-1001
    • Farnsworth, G.L.1    Simons, T.R.2
  • 29
    • 33646484514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical demographic parameters for declining songbirds breeding in restored grasslands
    • Fletcher R.J., Koford R.R., Seaman D.A. Critical demographic parameters for declining songbirds breeding in restored grasslands. J. Wildl. Manage. 2006, 70:145-157.
    • (2006) J. Wildl. Manage. , vol.70 , pp. 145-157
    • Fletcher, R.J.1    Koford, R.R.2    Seaman, D.A.3
  • 30
    • 0038647727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A general approach to temporary emigration in mark-recapture analysis
    • Fujiwara M., Caswell H. A general approach to temporary emigration in mark-recapture analysis. Ecology 2002, 83:3266-3275.
    • (2002) Ecology , vol.83 , pp. 3266-3275
    • Fujiwara, M.1    Caswell, H.2
  • 32
    • 77957657839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small-scale dispersal and survival in a long-lived seabird, the wandering albatross
    • Gauthier G., Milot E., Weimerskirch H. Small-scale dispersal and survival in a long-lived seabird, the wandering albatross. J. Anim. Ecol. 2010, 79:879-887.
    • (2010) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.79 , pp. 879-887
    • Gauthier, G.1    Milot, E.2    Weimerskirch, H.3
  • 33
    • 0003900213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • W.H. Freeman, New York
    • Gill F.B. Ornithology 2007, W.H. Freeman, New York. 3rd ed.
    • (2007) Ornithology
    • Gill, F.B.1
  • 34
    • 0026273738 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive potential and output of the Bahama parrot (Amazonia leucocephala bahamensis)
    • Gnam R., Rockwell R.F. Reproductive potential and output of the Bahama parrot (Amazonia leucocephala bahamensis). Ibis 1991, 133:400-405.
    • (1991) Ibis , vol.133 , pp. 400-405
    • Gnam, R.1    Rockwell, R.F.2
  • 35
    • 0242653681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple paternity and multiple male feeders in Bicknell's thrush (Catharus bicknelli)
    • Goetz J.E., McFarland K.P., Rimmer C.C. Multiple paternity and multiple male feeders in Bicknell's thrush (Catharus bicknelli). Auk 2003, 120:1044-1053.
    • (2003) Auk , vol.120 , pp. 1044-1053
    • Goetz, J.E.1    McFarland, K.P.2    Rimmer, C.C.3
  • 36
    • 0033860990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of El Nino events on Darwin's finch productivity
    • Grant P.R., Grant B.R., Keller L.F., Petren K. Effects of El Nino events on Darwin's finch productivity. Ecology 2000, 81:2442-2457.
    • (2000) Ecology , vol.81 , pp. 2442-2457
    • Grant, P.R.1    Grant, B.R.2    Keller, L.F.3    Petren, K.4
  • 37
    • 18744374943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time-specific variation in passerine nest survival: new insights into old questions
    • Grant T.A., Shaffer T.L., Madden E.M., Pietz P.J. Time-specific variation in passerine nest survival: new insights into old questions. Auk 2005, 122:661-672.
    • (2005) Auk , vol.122 , pp. 661-672
    • Grant, T.A.1    Shaffer, T.L.2    Madden, E.M.3    Pietz, P.J.4
  • 39
    • 0003054294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing the relative effects of brood parasitism and nest predation on seasonal fecundity in passerine birds
    • Univ Texas Press, Austin, J.M.N. Smith, T.L. Cook, S.K. Robinson, S.I. Rothstein, S.G. Sealy (Eds.)
    • Grzybowski J.A., Pease C.M. Comparing the relative effects of brood parasitism and nest predation on seasonal fecundity in passerine birds. Ecology and Management of Cowbirds and their Hosts 2000, 145-155. Univ Texas Press, Austin. J.M.N. Smith, T.L. Cook, S.K. Robinson, S.I. Rothstein, S.G. Sealy (Eds.).
    • (2000) Ecology and Management of Cowbirds and their Hosts , pp. 145-155
    • Grzybowski, J.A.1    Pease, C.M.2
  • 40
    • 20444397827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renesting determines seasonal fecundity in songbirds: what do we know? What should we assume?
    • Grzybowski J.A., Pease C.M. Renesting determines seasonal fecundity in songbirds: what do we know? What should we assume?. Auk 2005, 122:280-291.
    • (2005) Auk , vol.122 , pp. 280-291
    • Grzybowski, J.A.1    Pease, C.M.2
  • 41
    • 0003989790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Texas A&M Univ Press, College Station
    • Guthery F.S. On Bobwhites 2000, Texas A&M Univ Press, College Station. 1st ed.
    • (2000) On Bobwhites
    • Guthery, F.S.1
  • 42
    • 84985166035 scopus 로고
    • Integration of photoperiodic and food cues to time changes in reproductive physiology by an opportunistic breeder, the red crossbill, Loxia curvirostra (Aves: Carduelinae)
    • Hahn T.P. Integration of photoperiodic and food cues to time changes in reproductive physiology by an opportunistic breeder, the red crossbill, Loxia curvirostra (Aves: Carduelinae). J. Exp. Zool. 1995, 272:213-226.
    • (1995) J. Exp. Zool. , vol.272 , pp. 213-226
    • Hahn, T.P.1
  • 43
    • 33846807808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of methods to estimate cause-specific mortality in presence of competing risks
    • Heisey D.M., Patterson B.R. A review of methods to estimate cause-specific mortality in presence of competing risks. J. Wildl. Manage. 2006, 70:1544-1555.
    • (2006) J. Wildl. Manage. , vol.70 , pp. 1544-1555
    • Heisey, D.M.1    Patterson, B.R.2
  • 44
    • 34547488940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The analysis of covariates in multi-fate Markov chain nest failure models
    • Heisey D.M., Shaffer T.L., White G.C. The analysis of covariates in multi-fate Markov chain nest failure models. Stud. Avian Biol. 2007, 34:55-64.
    • (2007) Stud. Avian Biol. , vol.34 , pp. 55-64
    • Heisey, D.M.1    Shaffer, T.L.2    White, G.C.3
  • 46
    • 0008634025 scopus 로고
    • The phenology of the nesting season of the American robin (Turdus migratorius) in the United States
    • James F.C., Shugart H.H. The phenology of the nesting season of the American robin (Turdus migratorius) in the United States. Condor 1974, 76:159-168.
    • (1974) Condor , vol.76 , pp. 159-168
    • James, F.C.1    Shugart, H.H.2
  • 47
    • 41149100237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recruitment processes in long-lived species with delayed maturity: estimating key demographic parameters
    • Jenouvrier S., Tavecchia G., Thibault J.C., Choquet R., Bretagnolle V. Recruitment processes in long-lived species with delayed maturity: estimating key demographic parameters. Oikos 2008, 117:620-628.
    • (2008) Oikos , vol.117 , pp. 620-628
    • Jenouvrier, S.1    Tavecchia, G.2    Thibault, J.C.3    Choquet, R.4    Bretagnolle, V.5
  • 49
    • 34547474998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methods of estimating nest success: an historical tour
    • Johnson D.H. Methods of estimating nest success: an historical tour. Stud. Av. Biol. 2007, 34:1-12.
    • (2007) Stud. Av. Biol. , vol.34 , pp. 1-12
    • Johnson, D.H.1
  • 50
    • 34547416047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating nest success: a guide to the methods
    • Johnson D.H. Estimating nest success: a guide to the methods. Stud. Av. Biol. 2007, 34:65-72.
    • (2007) Stud. Av. Biol. , vol.34 , pp. 65-72
    • Johnson, D.H.1
  • 51
    • 20444400635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between Mayfield nest-survival estimates and seasonal fecundity: a cautionary note
    • Jones J., Doran P.J., Nagy L.R., Holmes R.T. Relationship between Mayfield nest-survival estimates and seasonal fecundity: a cautionary note. Auk 2005, 122:306-312.
    • (2005) Auk , vol.122 , pp. 306-312
    • Jones, J.1    Doran, P.J.2    Nagy, L.R.3    Holmes, R.T.4
  • 53
    • 0012895345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating state-transition probabilities for unobservable states using capture-recapture/resighting data
    • Kendall W.L., Nichols J.D. Estimating state-transition probabilities for unobservable states using capture-recapture/resighting data. Ecology 2002, 83:3276-3284.
    • (2002) Ecology , vol.83 , pp. 3276-3284
    • Kendall, W.L.1    Nichols, J.D.2
  • 54
    • 0030616876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating temporary emigration using capture-recapture data with Pollock's robust design
    • Kendall W.L., Nichols J.D., Hines J.E. Estimating temporary emigration using capture-recapture data with Pollock's robust design. Ecology 1997, 78:563-578.
    • (1997) Ecology , vol.78 , pp. 563-578
    • Kendall, W.L.1    Nichols, J.D.2    Hines, J.E.3
  • 55
    • 7644221298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postfledging movements and survival of juvenile eastern meadowlarks (Sturnella magna) in Illinois
    • Kershner E.L., Walk J.W., Warner R.E. Postfledging movements and survival of juvenile eastern meadowlarks (Sturnella magna) in Illinois. Auk 2004, 121:1146-1154.
    • (2004) Auk , vol.121 , pp. 1146-1154
    • Kershner, E.L.1    Walk, J.W.2    Warner, R.E.3
  • 56
    • 0002522137 scopus 로고
    • Determination of clutch-size in birds - a review
    • Klomp H. Determination of clutch-size in birds - a review. Ardea 1970, 58:1-7.
    • (1970) Ardea , vol.58 , pp. 1-7
    • Klomp, H.1
  • 57
    • 34248646273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Late summer and fall nesting in the acorn woodpecker and other North American terrestrial birds
    • Koenig W.D., Stahl J.T. Late summer and fall nesting in the acorn woodpecker and other North American terrestrial birds. Condor 2007, 109:334-350.
    • (2007) Condor , vol.109 , pp. 334-350
    • Koenig, W.D.1    Stahl, J.T.2
  • 58
    • 62549100866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age and clutch size variation in Dusky Flycatcher nest survival
    • Kroll A.J., Haufler J.B. Age and clutch size variation in Dusky Flycatcher nest survival. J. Ornithol. 2009, 150:409-417.
    • (2009) J. Ornithol. , vol.150 , pp. 409-417
    • Kroll, A.J.1    Haufler, J.B.2
  • 59
    • 0002849172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marsh wren (Cistothorus palustris)
    • Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, A. Poole, F. Gill (Eds.)
    • Kroodsma D.E., Verner J. Marsh wren (Cistothorus palustris). The Birds of North America, No. 308 1997, Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, American Ornithologists' Union, Washington. A. Poole, F. Gill (Eds.).
    • (1997) The Birds of North America, No. 308
    • Kroodsma, D.E.1    Verner, J.2
  • 60
    • 84977254805 scopus 로고
    • The significance of clutch size. Part 3. Some interspecific comparisons
    • Lack D. The significance of clutch size. Part 3. Some interspecific comparisons. Ibis 1948, 90:25-45.
    • (1948) Ibis , vol.90 , pp. 25-45
    • Lack, D.1
  • 62
    • 0027331845 scopus 로고
    • Risks of population extinction from demographic and enviornmental stochasticity and random catastrophes
    • Lande R. Risks of population extinction from demographic and enviornmental stochasticity and random catastrophes. Am. Nat. 1993, 142:911-927.
    • (1993) Am. Nat. , vol.142 , pp. 911-927
    • Lande, R.1
  • 63
    • 0036118774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wood thrush movements and habitat use: effects of forest management for red-cockaded woodpeckers
    • Lang J.D., Powell L.A., Krementz D.G., Conroy M.J. Wood thrush movements and habitat use: effects of forest management for red-cockaded woodpeckers. Auk 2002, 119:109-124.
    • (2002) Auk , vol.119 , pp. 109-124
    • Lang, J.D.1    Powell, L.A.2    Krementz, D.G.3    Conroy, M.J.4
  • 64
  • 65
    • 0026490966 scopus 로고
    • Modeling survival and testing biological hypotheses using marked animals: a unified approach with case studies
    • Lebreton J.D., Burnham K.P., Clobert J., Anderson D.R. Modeling survival and testing biological hypotheses using marked animals: a unified approach with case studies. Ecol. Monogr. 1992, 62:67-118.
    • (1992) Ecol. Monogr. , vol.62 , pp. 67-118
    • Lebreton, J.D.1    Burnham, K.P.2    Clobert, J.3    Anderson, D.R.4
  • 66
    • 0036151877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multistate recapture models: modelling incomplete individual histories
    • Lebreton J.D., Pradel R. Multistate recapture models: modelling incomplete individual histories. J. Appl. Stat. 2002, 29:353-369.
    • (2002) J. Appl. Stat. , vol.29 , pp. 353-369
    • Lebreton, J.D.1    Pradel, R.2
  • 67
    • 0034046631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reproductive consequences of egg-laying decisions in snow geese
    • Lepage D., Gauthier G., Menu S. Reproductive consequences of egg-laying decisions in snow geese. J. Anim. Ecol. 2000, 69:414-427.
    • (2000) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.69 , pp. 414-427
    • Lepage, D.1    Gauthier, G.2    Menu, S.3
  • 68
    • 0001033209 scopus 로고
    • Winter appraisals of annual productivity in geese and other water birds
    • Lynch J.J., Singleton J.R. Winter appraisals of annual productivity in geese and other water birds. Wildfowl Trust Annu. Rep. 1964, 15:114-126.
    • (1964) Wildfowl Trust Annu. Rep. , vol.15 , pp. 114-126
    • Lynch, J.J.1    Singleton, J.R.2
  • 70
    • 0033929191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Uncertain nest fates in songbird studies and variation in Mayfield estimation
    • Manolis J.C., Anderson D.E., Cuthbert F.J. Uncertain nest fates in songbird studies and variation in Mayfield estimation. Auk 2000, 117:615-626.
    • (2000) Auk , vol.117 , pp. 615-626
    • Manolis, J.C.1    Anderson, D.E.2    Cuthbert, F.J.3
  • 71
    • 0036160372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of experimentally reduced prey abundance on the breeding ecology of the Red-eyed Vireo
    • Marshall M.R., Cooper R.J., Strazanac J.S., Butler L. Effects of experimentally reduced prey abundance on the breeding ecology of the Red-eyed Vireo. Ecol. Appl. 2002, 12:261-280.
    • (2002) Ecol. Appl. , vol.12 , pp. 261-280
    • Marshall, M.R.1    Cooper, R.J.2    Strazanac, J.S.3    Butler, L.4
  • 72
    • 0342341017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barn owl (Tyto alba)
    • Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology; the Birds of North America online database, Ithaca, A. Poole (Ed.)
    • Marti C.D., Poole A.F., Bevier L.R. Barn owl (Tyto alba). The Birds of North America Online 2005, Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology; the Birds of North America online database, Ithaca. http://bna.birds.cornell.edu/BNA/account/BarnOwl, A. Poole (Ed.).
    • (2005) The Birds of North America Online
    • Marti, C.D.1    Poole, A.F.2    Bevier, L.R.3
  • 73
    • 0028976972 scopus 로고
    • Avian life-history evolution in relation to nest sites, nest predation, and food
    • Martin T.E. Avian life-history evolution in relation to nest sites, nest predation, and food. Ecol. Monogr. 1995, 65:101-127.
    • (1995) Ecol. Monogr. , vol.65 , pp. 101-127
    • Martin, T.E.1
  • 74
    • 2942617260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Avian life-history evolution has an eminent past: does it have a bright future?
    • Martin T.E. Avian life-history evolution has an eminent past: does it have a bright future?. Auk 2004, 121:289-301.
    • (2004) Auk , vol.121 , pp. 289-301
    • Martin, T.E.1
  • 75
    • 12244255018 scopus 로고
    • Nest-monitoring plots: methods for locating nests and monitoring success
    • Martin T.E., Geupel G.R. Nest-monitoring plots: methods for locating nests and monitoring success. J. Field Ornith 1993, 64:507-519.
    • (1993) J. Field Ornith , vol.64 , pp. 507-519
    • Martin, T.E.1    Geupel, G.R.2
  • 76
    • 36448988897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Which life-history components determine breeding productivity for individual songbirds? A case study of the Louisiana Waterthrush (Seiurus motacilla)
    • Mattsson B.J., Cooper R.J. Which life-history components determine breeding productivity for individual songbirds? A case study of the Louisiana Waterthrush (Seiurus motacilla). Auk 2007, 124:1186-1200.
    • (2007) Auk , vol.124 , pp. 1186-1200
    • Mattsson, B.J.1    Cooper, R.J.2
  • 77
    • 0028573823 scopus 로고
    • Survival of radio-marked Mallard ducklings in northeastern California
    • Mauser D.M., Jarvis R.L., Gilmer D.S. Survival of radio-marked Mallard ducklings in northeastern California. J. Wildl. Manage. 1994, 58:82-87.
    • (1994) J. Wildl. Manage. , vol.58 , pp. 82-87
    • Mauser, D.M.1    Jarvis, R.L.2    Gilmer, D.S.3
  • 78
    • 0001544728 scopus 로고
    • Nesting success calculated from exposure
    • Mayfield H.F. Nesting success calculated from exposure. Wilson Bull. 1961, 73:255-261.
    • (1961) Wilson Bull. , vol.73 , pp. 255-261
    • Mayfield, H.F.1
  • 79
    • 0000858171 scopus 로고
    • Suggestions for calculating nesting success
    • Mayfield H.F. Suggestions for calculating nesting success. Wilson Bull. 1975, 87:456-466.
    • (1975) Wilson Bull. , vol.87 , pp. 456-466
    • Mayfield, H.F.1
  • 80
    • 0000967849 scopus 로고
    • Clutch size: a comparative study with reference to African birds
    • Moreau R.E. Clutch size: a comparative study with reference to African birds. Ibis 1944, 86:286-347.
    • (1944) Ibis , vol.86 , pp. 286-347
    • Moreau, R.E.1
  • 81
    • 76249112577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a reproductive index for estimating productivity of grassland breeding birds
    • Morgan M.R., Norment C., Runge M.C. Evaluation of a reproductive index for estimating productivity of grassland breeding birds. Auk 2010, 127:86-93.
    • (2010) Auk , vol.127 , pp. 86-93
    • Morgan, M.R.1    Norment, C.2    Runge, M.C.3
  • 82
    • 0000006012 scopus 로고
    • Measuring annual reproductive success, with comments on the evolution of reproductive-behavior
    • Murray B.G. Measuring annual reproductive success, with comments on the evolution of reproductive-behavior. Auk 1991, 108:942-952.
    • (1991) Auk , vol.108 , pp. 942-952
    • Murray, B.G.1
  • 83
    • 0342696173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring annual reproductive success in birds
    • Murray B.G. Measuring annual reproductive success in birds. Condor 2000, 102:470-473.
    • (2000) Condor , vol.102 , pp. 470-473
    • Murray, B.G.1
  • 84
    • 8744295900 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors influencing fecundity in migratory songbirds: is nest predation the most important?
    • Nagy L.R., Holmes R.T. Factors influencing fecundity in migratory songbirds: is nest predation the most important?. J. Avian Biol. 2004, 35:487-491.
    • (2004) J. Avian Biol. , vol.35 , pp. 487-491
    • Nagy, L.R.1    Holmes, R.T.2
  • 85
    • 15244338844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Food limits annual fecundity of a migratory songbird: an experimental study
    • Nagy L.R., Holmes R.T. Food limits annual fecundity of a migratory songbird: an experimental study. Ecology 2005, 86:675-681.
    • (2005) Ecology , vol.86 , pp. 675-681
    • Nagy, L.R.1    Holmes, R.T.2
  • 86
    • 0001902037 scopus 로고
    • The ecology and behavior of the prairie warbler, Dendroica discolor
    • Nolan V. The ecology and behavior of the prairie warbler, Dendroica discolor. Ornithol. Monogr. 1978, 26.
    • (1978) Ornithol. Monogr. , vol.26
    • Nolan, V.1
  • 87
    • 4043114767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of survival time analysis to analyze nesting success in birds: an example using Loggerhead Shrikes
    • Nur N., Holmes A.L., Geupel G.R. Use of survival time analysis to analyze nesting success in birds: an example using Loggerhead Shrikes. Condor 2004, 106:457-471.
    • (2004) Condor , vol.106 , pp. 457-471
    • Nur, N.1    Holmes, A.L.2    Geupel, G.R.3
  • 88
    • 68249094616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bet-hedging as an evolutionary game: the trade-off between egg size and number
    • Olofsson H., Ripa J., Jonzen N. Bet-hedging as an evolutionary game: the trade-off between egg size and number. Proc. R. Soc. B 2009, 276:2963-2969.
    • (2009) Proc. R. Soc. B , vol.276 , pp. 2963-2969
    • Olofsson, H.1    Ripa, J.2    Jonzen, N.3
  • 91
    • 0028178667 scopus 로고
    • Mate acquisition tactics in polyandrous Spotted Sandpipers (Actitis macularia): the role of age and experience
    • Oring L.W., Reed J.M., Alberico J.A.R. Mate acquisition tactics in polyandrous Spotted Sandpipers (Actitis macularia): the role of age and experience. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 1994, 5:9-16.
    • (1994) Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. , vol.5 , pp. 9-16
    • Oring, L.W.1    Reed, J.M.2    Alberico, J.A.R.3
  • 92
    • 63149142636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clutch parameters and reproductive success of a translocated population of red-crowned parakeet (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae)
    • Ortiz-Catedral L., Brunton D.H. Clutch parameters and reproductive success of a translocated population of red-crowned parakeet (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae). Aust. J. Zool. 2008, 56:389-393.
    • (2008) Aust. J. Zool. , vol.56 , pp. 389-393
    • Ortiz-Catedral, L.1    Brunton, D.H.2
  • 93
    • 0024233494 scopus 로고
    • The ecological context of life-history evolution
    • Partridge L., Harvey P.H. The ecological context of life-history evolution. Science 1988, 241:1449-1455.
    • (1988) Science , vol.241 , pp. 1449-1455
    • Partridge, L.1    Harvey, P.H.2
  • 94
    • 77950050690 scopus 로고
    • Assessing the consequences of brood parasitism and nest predation on seasonal fecundity in passerines birds
    • Pease C.M., Grzybowski J.A. Assessing the consequences of brood parasitism and nest predation on seasonal fecundity in passerines birds. Auk 1995, 112:343-363.
    • (1995) Auk , vol.112 , pp. 343-363
    • Pease, C.M.1    Grzybowski, J.A.2
  • 95
    • 0032170242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simulation of reproductive stages limiting productivity of the endangered Attwater's prairie chicken
    • Peterson M.J., Grant W.E., Silvy N.J. Simulation of reproductive stages limiting productivity of the endangered Attwater's prairie chicken. Ecol. Model 1998, 111:283-295.
    • (1998) Ecol. Model , vol.111 , pp. 283-295
    • Peterson, M.J.1    Grant, W.E.2    Silvy, N.J.3
  • 98
    • 65649114045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling parasitism rate and parasitism risk: an illustration using a colonially nesting songbird, the red-winged blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus)
    • Post van der Burg M., Powell L.A., Tyre A.J. Modeling parasitism rate and parasitism risk: an illustration using a colonially nesting songbird, the red-winged blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus). J. Av. Biol. 2009, 40:263-270.
    • (2009) J. Av. Biol. , vol.40 , pp. 263-270
    • Post van der Burg, M.1    Powell, L.A.2    Tyre, A.J.3
  • 99
    • 0027099622 scopus 로고
    • Tropical avian phenology in relation to abundance and exploitation of food resources
    • Poulin B., Lefebvre G., McNeil R. Tropical avian phenology in relation to abundance and exploitation of food resources. Ecology 1992, 73:2295-2309.
    • (1992) Ecology , vol.73 , pp. 2295-2309
    • Poulin, B.1    Lefebvre, G.2    McNeil, R.3
  • 100
    • 0032742165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A model to predict breeding-season productivity for multibrooded songbirds
    • Powell L.A., Conroy M.J., Krementz D.G., Lang J.D. A model to predict breeding-season productivity for multibrooded songbirds. Auk 1999, 116:1001-1008.
    • (1999) Auk , vol.116 , pp. 1001-1008
    • Powell, L.A.1    Conroy, M.J.2    Krementz, D.G.3    Lang, J.D.4
  • 101
    • 33646869454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A productivity model for parasitized, multibrooded songbirds
    • Powell L.A., Knutsen M.G. A productivity model for parasitized, multibrooded songbirds. Condor 2006, 108:292-300.
    • (2006) Condor , vol.108 , pp. 292-300
    • Powell, L.A.1    Knutsen, M.G.2
  • 102
    • 0030613996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local recruitment in the greater flamingo: a new approach using capture-mark-recapture data
    • Pradel R., Johnson A.R., Viallefont A., Nager R.G., Cézilly F. Local recruitment in the greater flamingo: a new approach using capture-mark-recapture data. Ecology 1997, 78:1431-1445.
    • (1997) Ecology , vol.78 , pp. 1431-1445
    • Pradel, R.1    Johnson, A.R.2    Viallefont, A.3    Nager, R.G.4    Cézilly, F.5
  • 103
    • 0033405756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of different approaches to the study of local recruitment of breeders
    • Pradel R., Lebreton J.D. Comparison of different approaches to the study of local recruitment of breeders. Bird Study 1999, 46:74-81.
    • (1999) Bird Study , vol.46 , pp. 74-81
    • Pradel, R.1    Lebreton, J.D.2
  • 104
    • 0037647488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molt migration in relation to breeding success in greater snow geese
    • Reed E.T., Bêty J., Mainguy J., Gauthier G., Giroux J.-F. Molt migration in relation to breeding success in greater snow geese. Arctic 2003, 56:76-81.
    • (2003) Arctic , vol.56 , pp. 76-81
    • Reed, E.T.1    Bêty, J.2    Mainguy, J.3    Gauthier, G.4    Giroux, J.-F.5
  • 105
    • 4243153468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of spring conditions on breeding propensity of greater snow goose females
    • Reed E.T., Gauthier G., Giroux J.-F. Effects of spring conditions on breeding propensity of greater snow goose females. Anim. Biodivers. Conserv. 2004, 27:35-46.
    • (2004) Anim. Biodivers. Conserv. , vol.27 , pp. 35-46
    • Reed, E.T.1    Gauthier, G.2    Giroux, J.-F.3
  • 106
    • 0242373405 scopus 로고
    • Clutch size in birds: outcome of opposing predator and prey adaptations
    • Ricklefs R.E. Clutch size in birds: outcome of opposing predator and prey adaptations. Science 1970, 168:559-560.
    • (1970) Science , vol.168 , pp. 559-560
    • Ricklefs, R.E.1
  • 107
    • 0006951601 scopus 로고
    • The estimation of a time function of ecological use
    • Ricklefs R.E. The estimation of a time function of ecological use. Ecology 1970, 51:508-513.
    • (1970) Ecology , vol.51 , pp. 508-513
    • Ricklefs, R.E.1
  • 108
    • 0001824325 scopus 로고
    • Fecundity, mortality, and avian demography
    • National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.S. Farner (Ed.)
    • Ricklefs R.E. Fecundity, mortality, and avian demography. Breeding Biology 1973, National Academy of Sciences, Washington. D.S. Farner (Ed.).
    • (1973) Breeding Biology
    • Ricklefs, R.E.1
  • 109
    • 0003076354 scopus 로고
    • Geographical variation in clutch size among passerine birds: Ashmole's hypothesis
    • Ricklefs R.E. Geographical variation in clutch size among passerine birds: Ashmole's hypothesis. Auk 1980, 97:38-49.
    • (1980) Auk , vol.97 , pp. 38-49
    • Ricklefs, R.E.1
  • 110
    • 0003026733 scopus 로고
    • Components of avian breeding productivity
    • Ricklefs R.E., Bloom G. Components of avian breeding productivity. Auk 1977, 94:86-96.
    • (1977) Auk , vol.94 , pp. 86-96
    • Ricklefs, R.E.1    Bloom, G.2
  • 111
    • 0035530235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observations of predation events at bird nests in central Panama
    • Robinson W.D., Rodden-Robinson T. Observations of predation events at bird nests in central Panama. J. Field Ornith 2001, 72:43-48.
    • (2001) J. Field Ornith , vol.72 , pp. 43-48
    • Robinson, W.D.1    Rodden-Robinson, T.2
  • 113
    • 73149102984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Migratory double breeding in Neotropical migrant birds
    • Rohwer S., Hobson K.A., Rohwer V.G. Migratory double breeding in Neotropical migrant birds. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2009, 106:19050-19055.
    • (2009) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. , vol.106 , pp. 19050-19055
    • Rohwer, S.1    Hobson, K.A.2    Rohwer, V.G.3
  • 114
    • 2942534708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A unified approach to analyzing nest success
    • Shaffer T.L. A unified approach to analyzing nest success. Auk 2004, 121:526-540.
    • (2004) Auk , vol.121 , pp. 526-540
    • Shaffer, T.L.1
  • 115
    • 0033045584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relative impacts of nesting predation and brood parasitism on seasonal fecundity in songbirds
    • Schmidt K.A., Whalen C.J. The relative impacts of nesting predation and brood parasitism on seasonal fecundity in songbirds. Conserv. Biol. 1999, 13:46-57.
    • (1999) Conserv. Biol. , vol.13 , pp. 46-57
    • Schmidt, K.A.1    Whalen, C.J.2
  • 116
    • 44849100138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wood thrush nest success and post-fledging survival across a temporal pulse of small mammal abundance in an oak forest
    • Schmidt K.A., Rush S.A., Ostfeld R.S. Wood thrush nest success and post-fledging survival across a temporal pulse of small mammal abundance in an oak forest. J. Anim. Ecol. 2008, 77:830-837.
    • (2008) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.77 , pp. 830-837
    • Schmidt, K.A.1    Rush, S.A.2    Ostfeld, R.S.3
  • 117
    • 0020860293 scopus 로고
    • The laying cycle of brown-headed cowbirds: Passerine chickens?
    • Scott D.M., Ankney C.D. The laying cycle of brown-headed cowbirds: Passerine chickens?. Auk 1983, 100:583-592.
    • (1983) Auk , vol.100 , pp. 583-592
    • Scott, D.M.1    Ankney, C.D.2
  • 118
    • 0034813956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-specific breeding probability in black brant: effects of population density
    • Sedinger J.S., Lindberg M.S., Chelgren N.D. Age-specific breeding probability in black brant: effects of population density. J. Anim. Ecol. 2001, 70:798-807.
    • (2001) J. Anim. Ecol. , vol.70 , pp. 798-807
    • Sedinger, J.S.1    Lindberg, M.S.2    Chelgren, N.D.3
  • 119
    • 0033864264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating great smoky mountains national park as a population source for wood thrush
    • Simons T.R., Farnsworth G.L., Shriner S.A. Evaluating great smoky mountains national park as a population source for wood thrush. Conserv. Biol. 2000, 14:1133-1144.
    • (2000) Conserv. Biol. , vol.14 , pp. 1133-1144
    • Simons, T.R.1    Farnsworth, G.L.2    Shriner, S.A.3
  • 120
    • 84946350057 scopus 로고
    • Do tropical birds rear as many young as they can nourish?
    • Skutch A.F. Do tropical birds rear as many young as they can nourish?. Ibis 1949, 91:430-455.
    • (1949) Ibis , vol.91 , pp. 430-455
    • Skutch, A.F.1
  • 121
    • 0001041982 scopus 로고
    • Hedging ones evolutionary bets
    • Slatkin M. Hedging ones evolutionary bets. Nature 1974, 250:704-705.
    • (1974) Nature , vol.250 , pp. 704-705
    • Slatkin, M.1
  • 122
    • 70349558864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probability of detection of nests and implications for survey design
    • Smith P.A., Bart J., Lanctot R.B., McCaffery B.J., Brown S. Probability of detection of nests and implications for survey design. Condor 2009, 111:414-423.
    • (2009) Condor , vol.111 , pp. 414-423
    • Smith, P.A.1    Bart, J.2    Lanctot, R.B.3    McCaffery, B.J.4    Brown, S.5
  • 123
    • 0003090236 scopus 로고
    • Breeding seasons and annual cycles of Trinidad landbirds
    • Snow D.W., Snow B.K. Breeding seasons and annual cycles of Trinidad landbirds. Zoologica 1964, 49:1-39.
    • (1964) Zoologica , vol.49 , pp. 1-39
    • Snow, D.W.1    Snow, B.K.2
  • 124
    • 0026277220 scopus 로고
    • The functional significance of parasitic egg laying and typical nesting in redhead ducks: an analysis of individual behavior
    • Sorenson M.D. The functional significance of parasitic egg laying and typical nesting in redhead ducks: an analysis of individual behavior. Anim. Behav. 1991, 42:771-796.
    • (1991) Anim. Behav. , vol.42 , pp. 771-796
    • Sorenson, M.D.1
  • 125
    • 10644234024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When should mayfield data be discarded?
    • Stanley T.R. When should mayfield data be discarded?. Wilson Bull. 2004, 116:267-269.
    • (2004) Wilson Bull. , vol.116 , pp. 267-269
    • Stanley, T.R.1
  • 126
    • 76249106896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating length of avian incubation and nestling stages in afrotropical forest birds from interval-censored nest records
    • Stanley T.R., Newmark W.D. Estimating length of avian incubation and nestling stages in afrotropical forest birds from interval-censored nest records. Auk 2010, 127:79-85.
    • (2010) Auk , vol.127 , pp. 79-85
    • Stanley, T.R.1    Newmark, W.D.2
  • 128
    • 1842664406 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences in predators of artificial and real songbird nests: evidence of bias in artificial nest studies
    • Thompson F.R., Burhans D.E. Differences in predators of artificial and real songbird nests: evidence of bias in artificial nest studies. Conserv. Biol. 2004, 18:373-380.
    • (2004) Conserv. Biol. , vol.18 , pp. 373-380
    • Thompson, F.R.1    Burhans, D.E.2
  • 129
    • 85068409711 scopus 로고
    • Parental investment and sexual selection
    • Aldine-Atherton, Chicago, B. Campbell (Ed.)
    • Trivers R.L. Parental investment and sexual selection. Sexual Selection and the Descent of Man 1972, 136-179. Aldine-Atherton, Chicago. B. Campbell (Ed.).
    • (1972) Sexual Selection and the Descent of Man , pp. 136-179
    • Trivers, R.L.1
  • 130
    • 0036320610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predation on real and artificial nests in shrubsteppe landscapes fragmented by agriculture
    • Vander Haegen W.M., Schroeder M.A., DeGraaf R.M. Predation on real and artificial nests in shrubsteppe landscapes fragmented by agriculture. Condor 2002, 104:496-506.
    • (2002) Condor , vol.104 , pp. 496-506
    • Vander Haegen, W.M.1    Schroeder, M.A.2    DeGraaf, R.M.3
  • 131
    • 37149019293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The timing of birds' breeding seasons: a review of experiments that manipulated timing of breeding
    • Verhulst S., Nilsson J.A. The timing of birds' breeding seasons: a review of experiments that manipulated timing of breeding. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. Biol. Sci. 2008, 363:399-410.
    • (2008) Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. Biol. Sci. , vol.363 , pp. 399-410
    • Verhulst, S.1    Nilsson, J.A.2
  • 132
    • 0000694353 scopus 로고
    • Use of a new reproductive index to evaluate relationship between habitat quality and breeding success
    • Vickery P.D., Hunter M.L., Wells J.V. Use of a new reproductive index to evaluate relationship between habitat quality and breeding success. Auk 1992, 109:697-705.
    • (1992) Auk , vol.109 , pp. 697-705
    • Vickery, P.D.1    Hunter, M.L.2    Wells, J.V.3
  • 133
    • 7644239014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renesting decisions and annual fecundity of female Dickcissels (Spiza americana) in Illinois
    • Walk J.W., Wentworth K., Kershner E.L., Bollinger E.K., Warner R.E. Renesting decisions and annual fecundity of female Dickcissels (Spiza americana) in Illinois. Auk 2004, 121:1250-1261.
    • (2004) Auk , vol.121 , pp. 1250-1261
    • Walk, J.W.1    Wentworth, K.2    Kershner, E.L.3    Bollinger, E.K.4    Warner, R.E.5
  • 134
    • 0030620783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population dynamics of wandering albatross (D. exulans) and Amsterdam albatross (D. amsterdamensis) in the Indian Ocean and their relationship with long-line fisheries: conservation implications
    • Weimerskirch H., Brothers N., Jouventin P. Population dynamics of wandering albatross (D. exulans) and Amsterdam albatross (D. amsterdamensis) in the Indian Ocean and their relationship with long-line fisheries: conservation implications. Biol. Conserv. 1997, 79:257-270.
    • (1997) Biol. Conserv. , vol.79 , pp. 257-270
    • Weimerskirch, H.1    Brothers, N.2    Jouventin, P.3
  • 136
    • 0000123894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The seasonal decline in avian clutch size: strategy or physiological constraints?
    • Winkler D.W., Allen P.E. The seasonal decline in avian clutch size: strategy or physiological constraints?. Ecology 1996, 77:922-932.
    • (1996) Ecology , vol.77 , pp. 922-932
    • Winkler, D.W.1    Allen, P.E.2
  • 137
    • 0033010472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling population dynamics of a songbird exposed to parasitism and predation and evaluating management options
    • Woodworth B.L. Modeling population dynamics of a songbird exposed to parasitism and predation and evaluating management options. Conserv. Biol. 1999, 13:67-76.
    • (1999) Conserv. Biol. , vol.13 , pp. 67-76
    • Woodworth, B.L.1
  • 139
    • 2342567064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does mallard clutch size vary with landscape composition: a different view
    • Zicus M.C., Fieberg J., Rave D.P. Does mallard clutch size vary with landscape composition: a different view. Wilson Bull. 2003, 115:409-413.
    • (2003) Wilson Bull. , vol.115 , pp. 409-413
    • Zicus, M.C.1    Fieberg, J.2    Rave, D.P.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.