Subsyndromal depressive symptoms after symptomatic recovery from mania are associated with delayed functional recovery

Journal of Clinical Psychiatry

Volumn 72, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 692-697

  Gitlin, Michael J ^a   Mintz, Jim ^b   Sokolski, Kenneth ^c,d   Hammen, Constance ^e   Altshuler, Lori L ^a,f  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio   (United States)

^c VA LONG BEACH HEALTHCARE SYSTEM   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^f VA GREATER LOS ANGELES HEALTHCARE SYSTEM   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BIPOLAR I DISORDER; CONTROLLED STUDY; CONVALESCENCE; DEMOGRAPHY; DEPRESSION; DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; FAMILY; FEMALE; FRIEND; HUMAN; HYPOMANIA; LEISURE; LIFE FUNCTIONING QUESTIONNAIRE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MANIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUESTIONNAIRE; SELF REPORT; SUBSYNDROMAL DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOM; WORKPLACE;

ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING; ADULT; AFFECT; ANTIMANIC AGENTS; ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS; BIPOLAR DISORDER; CHI-SQUARE DISTRIBUTION; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; DEPRESSION; FEMALE; HUMANS; KAPLAN-MEIER ESTIMATE; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES; MALE; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 79959192877     PISSN: 01606689     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4088/JCP.09m05291gre     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Goodwin FK, Jamison KR. Manic Depressive Illness. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 1990.
2. Goldberg JF, Harrow M, Grossman LS. Course and outcome in bipolar affective disorder: a longitudinal follow-up study. Am J Psychiatry. 1995;152(3):379-384. PubMed
3. Goldberg JF, Harrow M, Grossman LS. Recurrent affective syndromes in bipolar and unipolar mood disorders at follow-up. Br J Psychiatry. 1995;166(3):382-385. doi:10.192/bjp.16.3.382 PubMed
4. Keller MB, Lavori PW, Coryell W, et al. Bipolar I: a five-year prospective follow-up. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1993;181(4):238-245. doi:10.1097/05053-193040-05 PubMed (Pubitemid 23233330)
5. O'Connell RA, Mayo JA, Flatow L, et al. Outcome of bipolar disorder on long-term treatment with lithium. Br J Psychiatry. 1991;159(1):123-129. doi:10.192/bjp.159.1.123 PubMed
6. Tohen M, Waternaux CM, Tsuang MT. Outcome in mania: a 4-year prospective follow-up of 75 patients utilizing survival analysis. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1990;47(12):1106-1111. PubMed
7. Tohen M, Waternaux CM, Tsuang MT, et al. Four-year follow-up of twenty-four first-episode manic patients. J Affect Disord. 1990;19(2):79-86. doi:10.1016/0165-0327(90)9012-W PubMed (Pubitemid 20178776)
8. Harrow M, Goldberg JF, Grossman LS, et al. Outcome in manic disorders. A naturalistic follow-up study. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1990;47(7):665-671. PubMed
9. Coryell W, Keller M, Endicott J, et al. Bipolar II illness: course and outcome over a five-year period. Psychol Med. 1989;19(1):129-141. doi:10.1017/S03291701090 PubMed (Pubitemid 19100273)
10. Dion GL, Tohen M, Anthony WA, et al. Symptoms and functioning of patients with bipolar disorder six months after hospitalization. Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1988;39(6):652-657. PubMed
11. Gitlin MJ, Swendsen J, Heller TL, et al. Relapse and impairment in bipolar disorder. Am J Psychiatry. 1995;152(11):1635-1640. PubMed
12. Judd LL, Schettler PJ, Solomon DA, et al. Psychosocial disability and work role function compared across the long-term course of bipolar I, bipolar II and unipolar major depressive disorders. J Affect Disord. 2008;108(1-2):49-58. doi:10.1016/j.jad.207.06.014 PubMed (Pubitemid 351418013)
13. Keck PE Jr. Long-term management strategies to achieve optimal function in patients with bipolar disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2006;67(suppl 9):19-24, discussion 36-42. doi:10.408/JCP.1206e17 PubMed
14. MacQueen GM, Young LT, Joffe RT. A review of psychosocial outcome in patients with bipolar disorder. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2001;103(3):163-170. doi:10.1034/j.160-047.201.059.x PubMed (Pubitemid 32154347)
15. Strakowski SM, Keck PE Jr, McElroy SL, et al. Twelve-month outcome after a first hospitalization for affective psychosis. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1998;55(1):49-55. doi:10.101/archpsyc.5.1.49 PubMed (Pubitemid 28069039)
16. Conus P, Cotton S, Abdel-Baki A, et al. Symptomatic and functional outcome 12 months after a first episode of psychotic mania: barriers to recovery in a catchment area sample. Bipolar Disord. 2006;8(3):221-231. doi:10.1/j.139-5618.206.0315.x PubMed
17. Tohen M, Hennen J, Zarate CM Jr, et al. Two-year syndromal and functional recovery in 219 cases of first-episode major affective disorder with psychotic features. Am J Psychiatry. 2000;157(2):220-228. doi:10.176/api.ajp.157.2.20 PubMed (Pubitemid 30080901)
18. Simon GE, Bauer MS, Ludman EJ, et al. Mood symptoms, functional impairment, and disability in people with bipolar disorder: specific effects of mania and depression. J Clin Psychiatry. 2007;68(8):1237-1245. doi:10.408/JCP.v68n081 PubMed (Pubitemid 47395627)
19. Bauer MS, Kirk GF, Gavin C, et al. Determinants of functional outcome and healthcare costs in bipolar disorder: a high-intensity follow-up study. J Affect Disord. 2001;65(3):231-241. doi:10.1016/S0165-0327(0)0247-0 PubMed (Pubitemid 32757154)
20. Altshuler LL, Gitlin MJ, Mintz J, et al. Subsyndromal depression is associated with functional impairment in patients with bipolar disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2002;63(9):807-811. PubMed
21. Altshuler LL, Post RM, Black DO, et al. Subsyndromal depressive symptoms are associated with functional impairment in patients with bipolar disorder: results of a large, multisite study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2006;67(10):1551-1560. doi:10.408/JCP.v67n109 PubMed (Pubitemid 44787437)
22. Fagiolini A, Kupfer DJ, Masalehdan A, et al. Functional impairment in the remission phase of bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2005;7(3):281-285. doi:10.1/j.139-5618.205.0207.x PubMed (Pubitemid 40778891)
23. Spitzer RL, Williams JB, Gibbon M, et al. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. New York, NY: Biometrics Research Dept, NYC Psychiatric Institute; 1996.
24. Young RC, Biggs JT, Ziegler VE, et al. A rating scale for mania: reliability, validity and sensitivity. Br J Psychiatry. 1978;133(5):429-435. doi:10.192/bjp.13.5.429 PubMed (Pubitemid 9006756)
25. Hamilton M. A rating scale for depression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1960;23(1):56-62. doi:10.136/jnp.23.1.56 PubMed
26. Thase ME. Bipolar depression: issues in diagnosis and treatment. Harv Rev Psychiatry. 2005;13(5):257-271. doi:10.1080/106732050326425 PubMed (Pubitemid 41540947)
27. Rosenthal NE, Hefferman ME. Bulimia, carbohydrate craving and depression: a central connection? In: Wurtman RJ, Wurtman JJ, eds. Nutrition and the Brain. New York, NY: Raven Press; 1987:139-166.
28. Altshuler L, Mintz J, Leight K. The Life Functioning Questionnaire (LFQ): a brief, gender-neutral scale assessing functional outcome. Psychiatry Res. 2002;112(2):161-182. doi:10.1016/S0165-1781(02)0180-4 PubMed (Pubitemid 35341469)
29. Weissman MM, Bothwell S. Assessment of social adjustment by patient self-report. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1976;33(9):1111-1115. PubMed
30. Judd LL, Akiskal HS, Schettler PJ, et al. The long-term natural history of the weekly symptomatic status of bipolar I disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2002;59(6):530-537. doi:10.101/archpsyc.59.6.530 PubMed (Pubitemid 34602935)
31. Judd LL, Akiskal HS, Schettler PJ, et al. A prospective investigation of the natural history of the long-term weekly symptomatic status of bipolar II disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003;60(3):261-269. doi:10.101/archpsyc.60.3.261 PubMed (Pubitemid 36307437)
32. Kupka RW, Altshuler LL, Nolen WA, et al. Three times more days depressed than manic or hypomanic in both bipolar I and bipolar II disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2007;9(5):531-535. doi:10.1/j.139-5618.207.0467.x PubMed (Pubitemid 47202517)
33. Judd LL, Akiskal HS, Schettler PJ, et al. Psychosocial disability in the course of bipolar I and II disorders: a prospective, comparative, longitudinal study. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005;62(12):1322-1330. doi:10.101/archpsyc.62.12.132 PubMed (Pubitemid 41746610)
34. Judd LL, Akiskal HS, Zeller PJ, et al. Psychosocial disability during the long-term course of unipolar major depressive disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000;57(4):375-380. doi:10.101/archpsyc.57.4.375 PubMed (Pubitemid 30202328)
35. Judd LL, Paulus MP, Wells KB, et al. Socioeconomic burden of subsyndromal depressive symptoms and major depression in a sample of the general population. Am J Psychiatry. 1996;153(11):1411-1417. PubMed
36. Kennedy N, Paykel ES. Residual symptoms at remission from depression: impact on long-term outcome. J Affect Disord. 2004;80(2-3):135-144. doi:10.1016/S0165-0327(03)054-5 PubMed (Pubitemid 38597136)
37. Marangell LB, Dennehy EB, Miyahara S, et al. The functional impact of subsyndromal depressive symptoms in bipolar disorder: data from STEP-BD. J Affect Disord. 2009;114(1-3):58-67. doi:10.1016/j.jad.208.07.06 PubMed
38. Weinstock LM, Miller IW. Functional impairment as a predictor of shortterm symptom course in bipolar I disorder. Bipolar Disord. 2008;10(3):437-442. doi:10.1/j.139-5618.207.051.x PubMed (Pubitemid 351517377)