Coupling of Gaussian Schell-model beams into single-mode optical fibers

Journal of the Optical Society of America A: Optics and Image Science, and Vision

Volumn 28, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 1224-1238

  Wheeler, Daniel J ^a   Schmidt, Jason D ^a  

^a AIR FORCE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COHERENT LIGHT; COMPUTER SIMULATION; EFFICIENCY; GAUSSIAN BEAMS; MONTE CARLO METHODS; NUMERICAL METHODS;

ANALYTIC APPROXIMATION; ANALYTIC EQUATIONS; BEAM CHARACTERISTICS; BREAK DOWN; COUPLING EFFICIENCY; GAUSSIAN SCHELL-MODEL BEAMS; OPTICAL FIELD; SINGLE-MODE OPTICAL FIBER;

OPTICAL FIBER COUPLING;

EID: 79958847654     PISSN: 10847529     EISSN: 15208532     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/JOSAA.28.001224     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. T. Weyrauch, M. A. Vorontsov, J. W. Gowens II, and T. G. Bifano, "Fiber coupling with adaptive optics for free-space optical communication," Proc. SPIE 4489, 177-184 (2002). (Pubitemid 35171267)
2. Y. Dikmelik and F. Davidson, "Fiber-coupling efficiency for freespace optical communication through atmospheric turbulence," Appl. Opt. 44, 4946-4952 (2005). (Pubitemid 41259447)
3. M. Toyoshima, "Maximum fiber coupling efficiency and optimum beam size in the presence of random angular jitter for free-space laser systems and their applications," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 23, 2246-2250 (2006). (Pubitemid 44680127)
4. J. Ma, F. Zhao, L. Tan, S. Yu, and Y. Yang, "Degradation of singlemode fiber coupling efficiency due to localized wavefront aberrations in free-space laser communications," Opt. Eng. 49, 045004 (2010).
5. S. Shaklan and F. Roddier, "Coupling starlight into single-mode fiber optics," Appl. Opt. 27, 2334-2338 (1988).
6. C. Ruilier and F. Cassaing, "Coupling of large telescopes and single-mode waveguides: application to stellar interferometry," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 18, 143-149 (2001).
7. D. K. Jacob, M. B. Mark, and B. D. Duncan, "Heterodyne ladar system efficiency enhancement using single-mode optical fiber mixers," Opt. Eng. 34, 3122-3129 (1995).
8. P. J. Winzer and W. R. Leeb, "Fiber coupling efficiency for random light and its applications to lidar," Opt. Lett. 23, 986-988 (1998). (Pubitemid 128590548)
9. T. A. Rhoadarmer, "Development of a self-referencing interferometer wavefront sensor," Proc. SPIE 5553, 112-126 (2004). (Pubitemid 40371262)
10. V. I. Tatarski, The Effects Of The Turbulent Atmosphere On Wave Propagation (U. S. Department Of Commerce, 1971).
11. R. G. Frehlich and M. J. Kavaya, "Coherent laser radar performance for general atmospheric refractive turbulence," Appl. Opt. 30, 5325-5352 (1991).
12. J. C. Ricklin and F. M. Davidson, "Atmospheric turbulence effects on a partially coherent Gaussian beam: implications for free-space laser communication," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 19, 1794-1802 (2002).
13. X. Zhu and J. M. Kahn, "Free-space optical communication through atmospheric turbulence channels," IEEE Trans. Commun. 50, 1293-1300 (2002). (Pubitemid 34974158)
14. T. Weyrauch and M. A. Vorontsov, "Atmospheric compensation with a speckle beacon in strong scintillation conditions: directed energy and laser communication applications," Appl. Opt. 44, 6388-6401 (2005). (Pubitemid 41680992)
15. C. Chen, H. Yang, H. Wang, S. Tong, and Y. Lou, "Coupling plane wave received by an annular aperture into a single-mode fiber in the presence of atmospheric turbulence," Appl. Opt. 50, 307-312 (2011).
16. J. W. Goodman, Speckle Phenomena in Optics: Theory and Applications (Roberts, 2007).
17. L. C. Andrews and R. L. Phillips, Laser Beam Propagation through Random Media, 2nd ed (SPIE, 2005).
18. J. C. Leader, "Atmospheric propagation of partially coherent radiation," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 68, 175-185 (1978). (Pubitemid 8620213)
19. S. C. H. Wang and M. A. Plonus, "Optical beam propagation for a partially coherent source in the turbulent atmosphere," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 69, 1297-1304 (1979). (Pubitemid 10473917)
20. J. Wu, "Propagation of a Gaussian-Schell beam through turbulent media," J. Mod. Opt. 37, 671-684 (1990).
21. G. Gbur and E. Wolf, "Spreading of partially coherent beams in random media," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 19, 1592-1598 (2002).
22. T. Shirai, A. Dogariu, and E. Wolf, "Mode analysis of spreading of partially coherent beams propagating through atmospheric turbulence," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 20, 1094-1102 (2003).
23. O. Korotkova, L. C. Andrews, and R. L. Phillips, "Model for a partially coherent Gaussian beam in atmospheric turbulence with application in Lasercom," Opt. Eng. 43, 330-341 (2004).
24. H. T. Eyyubo?lu, Y. Baykal, and Y. Cai, "Complex degree of coherence for partially coherent general beams in atmospheric turbulence," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 24, 2891-2901 (2007). (Pubitemid 350162022)
25. X. Ji and X. Li, "Effective radius of curvature of partially coherent Hermite-Gaussian beams propagating through atmospheric turbulence," J. Opt. 12, 035403 (2010).
26. K. Drexler, M. Roggemann, and D. Voelz, "Use of a partially coherent transmitter beam to improve the statistics of received power in a free-space optical communication system: theory and experimental results," Opt. Eng. 50, 025002 (2011).
27. D. Marcuse, "Gaussian approximation of the fundamental modes of graded-index fibers," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 68, 103-109 (1978). (Pubitemid 8612373)
28. J. A. Buck, Fundamentals of Optical Fibers (Wiley- Interscience, 2004).
29. J. W. Goodman, Introduction to Fourier Optics, 3rd ed (Roberts, 2005).
30. Since the fields used to calculate ? will always be taken at the same instant in time, it can alternatively be referred to as the mutual intensity J instead of the MCF [34,35,42]. However, to maintain consistency with other published literature [2,17,23], we are referring to it in this paper as the MCF. Consequently, the time dependence of the field E is ignored.
31. M. Lazzaroni and F. E. Zocchi, "Optical coupling from plane wave to step-index single-mode fiber," Opt. Commun. 237, 37-43 (2004).
32. D. Marcuse, "Loss analysis of single-mode fiber splices," Bell Syst. Tech. J. 56, 703-718 (1977).
33. A. C. Schell, "The multiple plate antenna," Ph.D. dissertation (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1961).
34. L. Mandel and E. Wolf, Optical Coherence and Quantum Optics (Cambridge University Press, 1995).
35. J. W. Goodman, Statistical Optics (Wiley-Interscience, 1985).
36. X. Xiao and D. Voelz, "Wave optics simulation approach for partial spatially coherent beams," Opt. Express 14, 6986-6992 (2006). (Pubitemid 44188499)
37. G. Gbur, "Simulating fields of arbitrary spatial and temporal coherence," Opt. Express 14, 7567-7578 (2006). (Pubitemid 44277489)
38. D. L. Fried and J. L. Vaughn, "Branch cuts in the phase function," Appl. Opt. 31, 2865-2882 (1992).
39. A. Papoulis and S. U. Pillai, Probability, Random Variables, and Stochastic Processes, 4th ed (McGraw-Hill, 2002).
40. R. G. Lane, A. Glindemann, and J. C. Dainty, "Simulation of a Kolmogorov phase screen," Waves Random Media 2, 209-224 (1992).
41. I. S. Gradshteyn and I. M. Ryzhik, Table of Integrals, Series, and Products, 6th ed. (Academic, 2000).
42. F. Gori, M. Santarsiero, G. Piquero, R. Borghi, A. Mondello, and R. Simon, "Partially polarized Gaussian Schell-model beams," J. Opt. A Pure Appl. Opt. 3, 1-9 (2001). (Pubitemid 32189551)