The gap of visual impairment between economic groups in shahroud, Iran: A blinder-oaxaca decomposition

American Journal of Epidemiology

Volumn 173, Issue 12, 2011, Pages 1463-1467

  Emamian, Mohammad Hassan ^a,b   Zeraati, Hojjat ^a   Majdzadeh, Reza ^a   Shariati, Mohammad ^a,b   Hashemi, Hassan ^c,d   Fotouhi, Akbar ^a  

^a TEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Iran)

^b SHAHROUD UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Iran)

^c NOOR EYE HOSPITAL   (Iran)

^d TEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (Iran)

Author keywords

health status disparities; Iran; socioeconomic factors; visual acuity

Indexed keywords

AGE CLASS; COHORT ANALYSIS; DISEASE PREVALENCE; EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT; EYE DISEASE; GENDER ROLE; HEALTH INSURANCE; HEALTH SERVICES; LOW INCOME POPULATION; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; PUBLIC ACCESS; SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS; SPATIOTEMPORAL ANALYSIS; VISION;

ADULT; AMBLYOPIA; ARTICLE; CATARACT; COHORT ANALYSIS; CORNEA OPACITY; DIABETIC RETINOPATHY; ECONOMIC ASPECT; ECONOMIC EVALUATION; FEMALE; HEALTH CARE ACCESS; HEALTH CARE DISPARITY; HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION; HEALTH ECONOMICS; HEALTH INSURANCE; HUMAN; IRAN; LOWEST INCOME GROUP; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; OPTOMETRY; PREVALENCE; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; REFRACTION ERROR; VISION; VISUAL IMPAIRMENT;

ADULT; AGE FACTORS; COHORT STUDIES; FEMALE; HEALTH STATUS DISPARITIES; HUMANS; IRAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PREVALENCE; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; RISK FACTORS; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; VISION DISORDERS;

IRAN; SEMNAN; SHAHRUD;

EID: 79958816946     PISSN: 00029262     EISSN: 14766256     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwr050     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Gwatkin DR. Health inequalities and the health of the poor: what do we know? What can we do? Bull World Health Organ. 2000;78(1):3-18.
2. The World Health Report 2008: Primary Health Care-Now More Than Ever. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2008:31-38.
3. O'Donnell O, van Doorslaer E, Wagstaff A, et al. Analyzing Health Equity Using Household Survey Data: A Guide to Techniques and Their Implementation. Washington, DC: The World Bank; 2008.
4. Blinder AS. Wage discrimination: reduced forms and structural estimates. J Hum Resour. 1973;8(4):436-455.
5. Oaxaca R. Male-female wage differentials in urban labor market. Int Econ Rev. 1973;14(3):693-709.
6. Jiménez-Rubio D, Hernández-Quevedo C. Inequalities in the use of health services between immigrants and the native population in Spain: what is driving the differences? Eur J Health Econ. 2011;12(1):17-28.
7. Huber H. Decomposing the causes of inequalities in health care use: a micro-simulations approach. J Health Econ. 2008;27(6):1605-1613.
8. Costa-Font J, Gil J. What lies behind socio-economic inequalities in obesity in Spain? A decomposition approach. Food Policy. 2008;33(1):61-73.
9. Mortensen K, Song PH. Minding the gap: a decomposition of emergency department use by Medicaid enrollees and the uninsured. Med Care. 2008;46(10):1099-1107.
10. González Alvarez ML, Barranquero AC. Inequalities in health care utilization in Spain due to double insurance coverage: an Oaxaca-Ransom decomposition. Soc Sci Med. 2009;69(5): 793-801.
11. Charasse-Pouélé C, Fournier M. Health disparities between racial groups in South Africa: a decomposition analysis. Soc Sci Med. 2006;62(11):2897-2914. (Pubitemid 44389401)
12. Jansen E, Baltussen RM, van Doorslaer E, et al. An eye for inequality: how trachoma relates to poverty in Tanzania and Vietnam. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2007;14(5):278-287. (Pubitemid 350125698)
13. Kuper H, Polack S, Eusebio C, et al. A case-control study to assess the relationship between poverty and visual impairment from cataract in Kenya, the Philippines, and Bangladesh [electronic article]. PLoS Med. 2008;5(12):e244.
14. Marmot M. Health in an unequal world. Lancet. 2006; 368(9552):2081-2094. (Pubitemid 44855089)
15. Gilbert CE, Shah SP, Jadoon MZ, et al. Poverty and blindness in Pakistan: results from the Pakistan National Blindness and Visual Impairment Survey. BMJ. 2008;336(7634):29-32.
16. Khandekar R, Mohammed AJ. Gender inequality in vision loss and eye diseases: evidence from the sultanate of Oman. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2009;57(6):443-449.
17. Fotouhi A, Hashemi H, Mohammad K, et al. The prevalence and causes of visual impairment in Tehran: the Tehran Eye Study. Br J Ophthalmol. 2004;88(6):740-745. (Pubitemid 38725579)
18. Shahriari HA, Izadi S, Rouhani MR, et al. Prevalence and causes of visual impairment and blindness in Sistan-va- Baluchestan Province, Iran: Zahedan Eye Study. Br J Ophthalmol. 2007;91(5):579-584. (Pubitemid 46716519)
19. Literate population aged six and over in urban and rural areas by sex and province-census 2006. In: Iran Statistical Year Book. Tehran, Iran: Statistical Centre of Iran; 2007. (http://amar.sci.org.ir/). (Accessed January 17, 2011).
20. Resnikoff S, Pascolini D, Mariotti SP, et al. Global magnitude of visual impairment caused by uncorrected refractive errors in 2004. Bull World Health Organ. 2008;86(1):63-70.
21. Xu L, Wang YX, Jonas JB. Level of education associated with ophthalmic diseases. The Beijing Eye Study. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2010;248(1):49-57.
22. Cackett P, Tay WT, Aung T, et al. Education, socio-economic status and age-related macular degeneration in Asians: the Singapore Malay Eye Study. Br J Ophthalmol. 2008; 92(10):1312-1315.
23. Tielsch JM, Sommer A, Katz J, et al. Socioeconomic status and visual impairment among urban Americans. Baltimore Eye Survey Research Group. Arch Ophthalmol. 1991; 109(5):637-641.
24. Xu L, Li J, Cui T, et al. Visual acuity in northern China in an urban and rural population: the Beijing Eye Study. Br J Ophthalmol. 2005;89(9):1089-1093. (Pubitemid 41224449)
25. Nirmalan PK, Katz J, Robin AL, et al. Utilisation of eye care services in rural south India: the Aravind Comprehensive Eye Survey. Br J Ophthalmol. 2004;88(10):1237-1241. (Pubitemid 39312962)
26. Nirmalan PK, Robin AL, Katz J, et al. Risk factors for age related cataract in a rural population of southern India: the Aravind Comprehensive Eye Study. Br J Ophthalmol. 2004;88(8):989-994. (Pubitemid 39013135)
27. Klein R, Klein BE, Jensen SC, et al. The relation of socioeconomic factors to the incidence of early age-related maculopathy: the Beaver Dam Eye Study. Am J Ophthalmol. 2001;132(1):128-131. (Pubitemid 32600909)
28. Murthy GV, Gupta S, Ellwein LB, et al. A population-based eye survey of older adults in a rural district of Rajasthan. I. Central vision impairment, blindness, and cataract surgery. Ophthalmology. 2001;108(4):679-685. (Pubitemid 32238462)
29. Wang Q, Klein BE, Klein R, et al. Refractive status in the Beaver Dam Eye Study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1994;35(13):4344-4347. (Pubitemid 24377506)
30. Saw SM, Chan YH, Wong WL, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for refractive errors in the Singapore Malay Eye Survey. Ophthalmology. 2008;115(10):1713-1719.
31. Wagstaff A,Waters H. How were the reaching the poor studies done? In: Gwatkin DR,Wagstaff A, Yasbeck AS. Reaching the Poor With Health, Nutrition, and Population Service: What Works, What Doesn't, and Why. Washington, DC: The World Bank; 2005:27-46.
32. International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness. The rationale for vision 2020: the right to sight. In: State of the World' s Sight Vision 2020: The Right to Sight 1999-2005. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2005:9-14.
33. Yun MS. Decomposing differences in the first moment. Econ Lett. 2004;82(2):275-280.
34. Jann B. A STATA implementation of the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition. Stata J. 2008;8(5):453-479.
35. Sen A. Poverty as capability deprivation. In: Sen A, ed. Development as Freedom. Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press; 1999:87-110.
36. Sen A. Issues in the measurement of poverty. Scand J Econ. 1979;81(2):285-307.