Palaeozoic glacial depositional environments of SW Saudi Arabia: Process and product

Geological Society Special Publication

Volumn 354, Issue , 2011, Pages 129-152

  Keller, Martin ^a,b   Hinderer, Matthias ^c   Al Ajmi, Hussain ^d   Rausch, Randolf ^b,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ERLANGEN NUREMBERG   (Germany)

^b Financial Systems Development Section   (Germany)

^c DARMSTADT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Germany)

^d Ministry of Water and Electricity   (Saudi Arabia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARBONIFEROUS; DEFORMATION; DEGLACIATION; DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT; EROSION; GLACIAL DEPOSIT; GLACIATION; GONDWANA; INCISED VALLEY; ORDOVICIAN; PALEOENVIRONMENT; PALEOZOIC; SEA LEVEL CHANGE; TECTONIC SETTING; TRANSGRESSION;

SAUDI ARABIA;

EID: 79958786902     PISSN: 03058719     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1144/SP354.8     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Al Ajmi, H., Hinderer, M., Keller, M. & Rausch, R. 2008. New insights into the facies distribution of the Wajid Sandstone in its western outcrop area and implication on reservoir properties. The 3rd International Conference on Water Resources and Arid Environments. http://www.icwrae-psipw.org.
2. Al-Husseini, M. I. 2004. Pre-Unayzah unconformity, Saudi Arabia. In: Al-Husseini, M. I. (ed.) Carboniferous, Permian and Early Triassic Arabian Stratigraphy. GeoArabia, Manama, Bahrein, Special Publication, 3, 15-59.
3. Al Laboun, A. A. 1987. Unayzah formation: a new Permian-Carboniferous unit in Saudi Arabia. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 71, 29-38.
4. Al Laboun, A. A. 1988. The distribution of Carboniferous-Permian siliciclastic rocks in the Greater Arabian Platform. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 100, 362-373.
5. Al Sharhan, A. S., Nairn, A. E. & Mohammed, A. A. 1993. Late Palaeozoic glacial sediments of the Southern Arabian Peninsula: their lithofacies and hydrocarbon potential. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 10, 71-78.
6. Avigad, A., Sandler, A., Kolodner, K., Stern, R. J., McWilliams, M., Miller, N. & Beyth, M. 2005. Mass-production of Cambro-Ordovician quartz-rich sandstone as a consequence of chemical weathering of Pan-African terranes: environmental implications. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 240, 818-826.
7. Benn, I. D. & Evans, D. J. A. 1998. Glaciers and Glaciation. Arnold, London.
8. Buggisch, W., Joachimski, M., Lehnert, O., Bergström, S. & Repetski, J. E. 2010. Did intense volcanism trigger the first Ordovician icehouse? Geology, 38, 327-330.
9. Bussert, R. & Schrank, E. 2007. Palynological evidence for a latest Carboniferous-early Permian glaciation in Northern Ethiopia. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 49, 201-210.
10. Deynoux, M. & Ghienne, J.-F. 2004. Late Ordovician glacial pavements revisited-a reappraisal of the origin of striated surfaces. Terranova 16, 95-101.
11. El-Khayal, A. A. & Wagner,R.H.1985. Upper Permian stratigraphy and megafloras of Saudi Arabia: Palaeo-geographic and climatic implications. Dixieme Congres International de Stratigraphie et de Geologie du Carbonifere, Madrid 1983. Compte Rendu, 3, 17-26.
12. Evans, D. S., Lethan, R. B., Senalp, M. & Connally, T. C. 1991. Stratigraphy of the Wajid Sandstone of southwestern Saudi Arabia. Society Petroleum Engineers, SPE 21449, 947-960.
13. Evans, D. S., Bahabri, B. H. & Al-Otaibi, A. M. 1997. Stratigraphic trap in the Permian Unayzah formation Central Saudi Arabia. GeoArabia, 2, 259-278.
14. Flint, R. F. 1957. Glacial and Pleistocene Geology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York.
15. Ghienne, J.-F. 2003. Late Ordovician sedimentary environments, glacial cycles, and post-glacial transgression in the Taoudeni Basin, West Africa. Palaeo-geography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 189, 117-145.
16. Ghienne, J.-F. & Deynoux, M. 1998. Large-scale channel fill structures in Late Ordovician glacial deposits in Mauritania, Western Africa. Sedimentary Geology, 119, 141-159.
17. Ghienne, J. F., Deynoux, M., Manatschal, G. & Rubino, J. L. 2003. Palaeovalleys and fault-controlled depocentres in the Late Ordovician glacial record of the Murzuq Basin (central Libya). Comptes Rendus Geosciences, 335, 1091-1100.
18. GTZ/DORNIER CONSULTING 2009. Detailed Water Resources Studies of Wajid and Overlying Aquifers, Volume 10, Drilling Investigations. Ministry of Water and Electricity, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
19. Gutierrez Marco, J. C., Ghienne, J. F., Bernardez, E. & Hacar, M. P. 2010. Did the Late Ordovician African ice sheet reach Europe? Geology, 38, 279-282.
20. Keller, M. & Lehnert, O. 2010. Ordovician Paleokarst and Quartz Sand: evidence of volcanically triggered extreme climates? Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 296, 297-309.
21. Kellogg, K. S., Janjou, D., Minoux, L. & Fourniguet, J. 1986. Explanatory Notes to the Geologic Map of the Wadi Tathlith Quadrangle, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Geoscience Map GM-103C, scale 1:250 000, sheet 20G. Deputy Ministry for Mineral Resources, Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
22. Konert, G., Afifi, A. M., Al-Hajri, S. A. & Droste, H. J. 2001. Paleozoic Stratigraphy and Hydrocarbon Habitat of the Arabian Plate. GeoArabia, 6, 407-442.
23. Kruck, W. & Thiele, J. 1983. Late Palaeozoic glacial deposits in the Yemen Arab. Republic. Geologisches Jahrbuch, B46, 3-29.
24. Le Heron, D. P. & Dowdeswell, J. A. 2009. Calculating ice volumes and ice flux to constrain the dimensions of a 440 million year old North African ice sheet. Journal of the Geological Society, 166, 277-281.
25. Le Heron, D. P., Sutcliffe, O. E., Bourgig, K., Craig, J., Visentin, C. & Whittington, R. J. 2004.
26. Le Heron, D. P., Sutcliffe, O. E., Whittington, R. J. & Craig, J. 2005. The origins of glacially related soft-sediment deformation structures in Upper Ordovician glaciogenic rocks: implication for ice sheet dynamics. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 218, 75-103.
27. Le Heron, D. P., Craig, J., Sutcliffe, O. E. & Whittington, R. 2006. Glaciogenic reservoir heterogeneity: an example from the Late Ordovician of the Murzuq Basin, SW Libya. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 23, 655-677.
28. Le Heron, D. P., Craig, J. & Etienne, J. L. 2009. Ancient glaciations and hydrocarbon accumulations in North Africa and the Middle East. Earth-Science Reviews, 93, 47-76.
29. Le Heron, D. P., Armstrong, H. A., Wilson, C., Howard, J. P. & Gindre, L. 2010. Glaciation and deglaciation of the Libyan Desert: the Late Ordovician record. Sedimentary Geology, 223, 100-125.
30. Lüning, S., Craig, J., Loydell, D. K., Storch, P. & Fitches, B. 2000. Lower Silurian 'Hot Shales' in North Africa and Arabia: regional distribution and depositional model. Earth-Science Reviews, 49, 121-200.
31. Maizels, J. K. 1991. Origin and evolution of Holocene sandurs in areas of jökulhlaup drainage, south Iceland. In: Maizels, J. K. & Caseldine, C. (eds) Environmental Change in Iceland: Past and Present. Kluwer Academic Press, Dordrecht, 267-300.
32. Maizels, J. K. 1993. Lithofacies variations within sandur deposits: the role of runoff regime, flow dynamics and sediment supply characteristics. Sedimentary Geology, 85, 299-325.
33. Maizels, J. K. 1997. Jökulhlaup deposits in proglacial areas. Quaternary Science Reviews, 16, 793-819.
34. McClure, H. A. 1978. Early Palaeozoic glaciation in Arabia. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 25, 315-326.
35. McClure, H. A. 1980. Permian-Carboniferous Glaciation in the Arabian Peninsula. Bulletin Geological Society of America, 91, 707-712.
36. McClure, H. A., Hussey, E. M. & Kaill, I. J. 1988. Permian-Carboniferous glacial deposits in Southern Saudi Arabia. Geologisches Jahrbuch, B68, 3-31.
37. McGillivray, J. G. & Al-Husseini, M. I. 1992. The Palaeozoic petroleum geology of Central Arabia. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 76, 1473-1490.
38. Melvin, J. & Miller, M. A. 2002. Significant new bio-stratigraphic horizons in the Qusaiba Member of the Silurian Qalibah Formation of central Saudi Arabia, and their sedimentologic expression in a sequence stratigraphic context. GeoArabia, 7, 279-282.
39. Melvin, J. & Sprague, R. A. 2006. Advances in Arabian Stratigraphy. Origin and stratigraphic architecture of glaciogenic sediments in Permian-Lower Carboniferous Unayzah A sandstones, eastern central Saudi Arabia. GeoArabia, 11, 105-152.
40. Melvin, J., Sprague, R. A. & Heine, C. H. 2010. From bergs to ergs: the late Paleozoic Gondwanan glaciation and its aftermath in Saudi Arabia. In: López-Gamundí, O & Buatois, L. A. (eds) Late Paleozoic Glacial Events and Postglacial Transgressions in Gondwana. GSA, Boulder, Colorado, Special Publication, 468, 37-80.
41. Osterloff, P. L., Al-Harthy, A. & Penney, R. 2004. Gharif and Khuff formations, subsurface Interior Oman. In: Al-Husseini, M. I. (ed.) Carboniferous, Permian and Early Triassic Arabian stratigraphy. GeoArabia, Manama, Bahrein, Special Publication, 3, 83-147.
42. Piotrowski, J. A. 1994. Tunnel-valley formation in northwest Germany - geology, mechanisms of formation and subglacial bed conditions for the Bornh6ved tunnel valley. Sedimentary Geology, 89, 107-141.
43. Pollastro, R. M. 2003. Total petroleum systems of the Paleozoic and Jurassic, greater Ghawar uplift and adjoining provinces of Central Saudi Arabia and Northern Arabian-Persian Gulf. U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin, 2202-H.
44. Praeg, D. (2003). Seismic imaging of mid-Pleistocene tunnel-valleys in the North Sea Basin-high resolution from low frequencies. Journal of Applied Geophysics 53, 273-298.
45. Saltzman, M. R. & Young, S. A. 2005. Long-lived glaciation in the Late Ordovician? Isotopic and sequence-stratigraphic evidence from western Laurentia. Geology, 33, 109-112.
46. Semtner, A. K. & Klitzsch, E. 1994. Early Paleozoic paleogeography of the northern Gondwana margin: new evidence for Ordovician-Silurian glaciation. Geologische Rundschau, 83, 743-751.
47. Sharland, P. R., Archer, R. et al. (eds) 2001. Arabian Plate Sequence Stratigraphy. Gulf PetroLink, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain.
48. Sharland, P. R., Casey, D. M., Davies, R. B., Simmons, M. D. & Sutcliffe, O. E. 2004. Arabian plate sequence stratigraphy - revisions to SP2. GeoArabia, 9, 199-214.
49. Stephenson, M. H. 2004. Early Permian spores from Oman and Saudi Arabia. In: Al-Husseini, M. (ed.) Carboniferous, Permian and Early Triassic Arabian Stratigraphy. GeoArabia Special Publication, 3, 185-215.
50. Stephenson, M. H. 2008. A review of the palynostratigraphy of Gondwanan Pennsylvanian to Lower Permian glacigene successions. In: Fielding, C. R., Frank, T. D. & Isbell, J. L. (eds) Resolving the Late Paleozoic Ice Age in Time and Space. Geological Society of America Memoir, 441, 317-331.
51. Stephenson, M. H. & Filatoff, J. 2000. Correlation of Carboniferous-Permian palynological assemblages from Oman and Saudi Arabia. In: Al-Hajri, S. & Owens, B. (eds) Stratigraphic palynology of the Palaeozoic of Saudi Arabia. GeoArabia Special Publication, 1, 168-191.
52. Stephenson, M. H., Angiolini, L. & Leng, M. J. 2007. The Early Permian fossil record of Gondwana and its relationship to deglaciation: a review. In: Williams, M., Haywood, A. M., Gregory, F. J. & Schmidt, D. N. (eds) Deep-Time Perspectives on Climate Change: Marrying the Signal from Computer Models and Biological Proxies. Special Publications, Geological Society of London, London, 103-122.
53. Stump, T. E. & Van Der Eem, J. G. 1995. The stratigraphy, depositional environments and periods of deformation of the Wajid outcrop belt, southwestern Saudi Arabia. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 21, 421-441.
54. Stump, T. E. & Van Der Eem, J. G. 1996. Overview of the stratigraphy, depositional environments and periods of deformation of the Wajid Outcrop Belt, south-western Saudi Arabia. In: Al-Husseini, M. I. (ed.) Geó '94 Middle East. Geoscience Conference, Gulf Petrolink, Bahrain, 867-876.
55. Sutcliffe, O. E., Dowdeswell, J. A., Whittington, R. J., Theron, J. N. & Craig, J. 2000. Calibrating the Late Ordovician glaciation and mass extinction by the eccentricity cycles of the Earth's orbit. Geology, 28, 967-970.
56. Vaslet, D. 1990. Upper Ordovician glacial deposits in Saudi Arabia. Episodes, 13, 147-161.
57. Vaslet, D., Al-Muallem, M. S., Maddah, S. S., Brasse, J. M., Fourniguet, F., Breton, J. P. & Le Nindre, Y. M. 1991. Geologic Map of the Ar Riyadh Quadrangle, Sheet 241, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Ministry of Petroleum and Mineral Resources, Riyadh, Geoscience Map GM-121, with explanatory notes.