The origin of the synagogue: A re-assessment

Journal for the Study of Judaism

Volumn 28, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 34-47

  Hachlili, Rachel ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HAIFA   (Israel)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 79958436093     PISSN: 00472212     EISSN: 15700631     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1163/157006397X00039     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. ' Gutmann, J. The Origin of the Synagogue, The Current State of Research, in J. Gutmann, et al., 7he Synagogue: Studies in Origins, Archaeology and Architecture. New York: KTAV 1975: p. 73
2. Gutmann, J. Synagogue Origins: Theories and Facts, in J. Gutmann, ed., Ancient Synagogues-The State of Research. Michigan: Brown Judaic Studies no. 22, 1981: 1-3; Gutmann 1975: 73-74, above n. 1.
3. Moore, G.F., Judaism in the First Centuries of the Christian Era, vol. I. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press 1927: p. 283;
4. Zeitlin, S., The Origin of the Synagogue in J. Gutmann, ed., The Synagogue: Studies in Origins, Archaeology and Architecture. New York: KTAV: 1975: p. 18;
5. Gutmann 1975: 72, above note 1.
6. Kraeling, C.H., The Excavation at Dura Europos, Final Reporr VIII, part 1: The Synagogue. New Haven 1979: p. 33.
7. Oppenheimer, A., Synagogues with a Historic Association in Talmudic Babylonia, in A. Kasher, A. Oppenheimer and U. Rappaport, Synagogues in Antiquity. Jerusalem (Hebrew), 1987: p. 147;
8. Gafni, I., Synagogues in Talmudic Babylonia: Tradition and Reality, in A. Kasher, A. Oppenheimer and U. Rappaport, Synagogues in Antiquity. Jerusalem 1987 (Hebrew). English summary: p. x.
9. Safrai, S., The Synagogue and its Worship, Society and Religion in the Second Temple Period (The World History of the Jewish People, First Series, vol. 8). Jerusalem 1977: 46-47.
10. Hoenig, S.B. The supposititious temple-synagogue, in J. Gutmann, ed., The Synagogue: Studies in Origins, Archaeology and Architecture. New York: KTAV 1975: 69-70.
11. Griffiths, J.G., Egypt and the Rise of the Synagogue, Journal of Theological Studies 38, 1987: p. 2;
12. Kasher, A., Synagogues in Ptolemaic and Roman Egypt as Community Centers, in A. Kasher, A. Oppenheimer and U. Rappaport, Synagogues in Antiquity. Jerusalem (Hebrew), 1987: pp. 120-122.
13. also Hengel, M., Judaism and Hellenism. Philadelphia: Fortress Press. 1974, vol. I: p. 82.
14. Neusner, J., Formative Judaism: Religious, Historical and Literarr Studies (Brown Judaic Studies 37). Chico, CA: Scholars Press, 1982: pp. 75-83.
15. Grabbe, L.L., Synagogues in Pre-70 Palestine: A Re-assessment, Journal of Theological Studies 39, 1988: pp. 408-410.
16. Hengel, M., Proseuche und Synagogue. Jiidische Gemeinde, Gotteshaus und Got-tesdienst in der Diaspora und Palästina, in J. Gutmann ed., The Synagogue: Studies in Origins, Archaeology and Architecture. New York: KTAV, 1975: pp. 2
17. Schiirer, E., Vermes, G. and Millar, F., The History of the Jewish Peopll in the Age of Jesus Christ. vol.I. Edinburgh: Clark, 1979, vol. II: pp. 425-426; 439-440;
18. Rajak, T. and D. Noy, Archiynagogoi: Office, Title and Social Status in the Greco-Jewiih Synagogue, Journal of Roma8 Studies 83, 1993: p. 76.
19. Kasher 1987: p. 122, above n. 9.
20. Kee, H.C., The Transformation of the Synagogue After 70 C.E.: Its Import for Early Christianity, New Testament Studies 36, 1990: p. 5.
21. Life 54 = 277-280.
22. Frey, J.-B. Corpuu Inscriptionum Judaicarum vol. II, Rome 1952: no. 726
23. also White, L.M., The Delos Synagogue Revisiied, Recent Fieldwork in the Graeco-Roman Diaspora, HTR 80:2, 1987: pp. 140, 142.
24. At Elche-Frey 1952: no. 662, above n. 21.
25. Hengel 1975: 27ff., above n. 17.
26. Grabbe 1988: note 5, p. 402, above note 16.
27. Griffiths 1987: 5, above n. 9;
28. White, L.M. Building God House in the Roman World. Baltimore and London 1990: p. 87.
29. Schürer, Vermes, Millar and Black 1979, II: 429-440, above n. 17; Rajak and Noy, above n. 17, contend that the term synagogue has a double application, referring both to a community and to a building.
30. Roth-Gerson, L., The Greee Inscriptions from the Synagogues in Eretz Israell Jerusalem 1987: 76-86.
31. But see Kee 1990: 7-8
32. Levine, L.I., The Second Temple Period Synagogue: The Formative Years, in L.I. Levine ed. The Synagogue in Late Antiquity. New York, 1987: pp. 20-22.
33. Lifshitz, B., Donateurs et fondateurs dans les synagogues juives (Cahiers de la Revue Biblique 7). Paris 1967: 13-14, no. 1.
34. Hachlili, R., Ancient Jewish Art and Architecture in the Land of Israel. Leiden: Brill 1988: pp. 84-86.
35. Yadin, Y., The Synagogue at Masada, in Levine, L.I. ed., Ancient Synagogues Revealed. Jerusalem 1981: p. 21.
36. Also Netzer, E., Masada III, The Yigael Tadii Excavations 1963-1965, Final Reports. Jerusalem 1991: pp. 410-413.
37. Hachlili 1988: 86, above n. 44.
38. Hachlili 1988: 87, above n. 44.
39. Hachlili 1988: 138-140, above n. 44.
40. Chiat, M.J., First-Century Synagogue Architecture: Methodological Problems, in Gutmann, J. ed., Ancient Syna:ogues. The State of Research. 1981: pp. 54-56
41. Hachlili 1988: 88, above n. 44; Kee 1990: 8-9, above n. 19.
42. Sukenik, E.L., Ancient Synagogues in Palestine and Greece. London: Milford, 1934: p. 38;
43. Bruneau, P., Les Israelites de Delos et la juiverie Delienne, Bulletin de Correspondence Helknistique 100, 1982: pp. 490-494; White 1987: 139-140, above n. 21.
44. Squarciapino, M.F., The Synagogue at Ostia, Archaeology 16, 1963: pp. 196, 200; White 1990: 69, above n. 25
45. Hachlili 1988: 88, above n. 44. 57
46. Cohen, SJ.U., The Temple and the Synagogue, in T.G. Madsen ed. The Temple in Antiquiti (Religious Studies Monograph Series 9). Utah: Brigham Young University, 1984: p. 165;
47. Fleisher, E., Annual and Triennial Reading of the Bible in the Old Synagogue, Tarbiz 61 (Hebrew) 1991: p. 28 and note 9.
48. Fleischer 1991: English summary p. Ill, above n. 57.
49. Also Hoenig, S.B., The Ancient City-Square: The Forerunner of the Synagogue, Aufstieg und Nkdergang da romischai Welt. II. Principat. Berlin-New York, 1979: pp. 451-452; Grabbe 1988: 401 and note 2, p. 402, above n. 16; Kee 1990: 3-4, above n. 19.