Net energy analysis of the production of biodiesel and biogas from the microalgae: Haematococcus pluvialis and Nannochloropsis

Applied Energy

Volumn 88, Issue 10, 2011, Pages 3507-3514

  Razon, Luis F ^a   Tan, Raymond R ^a  

^a DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY   (Philippines)

Author keywords

Biodiesel; Haematococcus pluvialis; Life cycle assessment; Microalgae; Nannochloropsis; Net energy analysis

Indexed keywords

ALGAE; BIOGAS; CELL CULTURE; ENERGY MANAGEMENT; FEEDSTOCKS; LIFE CYCLE; MICROORGANISMS; WASTEWATER; WASTEWATER RECLAMATION;

HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS; LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; MICRO-ALGAE; NANNOCHLOROPSIS; NET ENERGY;

BIODIESEL;

ALGAL CULTURE; BIOFUEL; BIOGAS; BIOREACTOR; ENERGY CONSERVATION; ENERGY USE; EXTRACTION METHOD; LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS; MICROALGA; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; RECYCLING; RENEWABLE RESOURCE; WASTEWATER;

ALGAE; HAEMATOCOCCUS PLUVIALIS; NANNOCHLOROPSIS;

EID: 79957992724     PISSN: 03062619     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.12.052     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. Fargione J., Hill J., Tilman D., Polasky S., Hawthorne P. Land clearing and the biofuel carbon debt. Science 2008, 319:1235-1238.
2. Kim H., Kim S., Dale B.E. Biofuels, land use change, and greenhouse gas emissions: some unexplored variables. Environ Sci Technol 2009, 43:961-967.
3. Prince R.C., Haitmanek C., Lee C.C. The primary aerobic biodegradation of biodiesel B20. Chemosphere 2008, 71:1445-1446.
4. Lapuerta M., Armas O., Rodriguez-Fernandez J.. Effect of biodiesel fuels on diesel engine emissions. Prog Energy Combust Sci 2008, 34:198-223.
5. Drown D.C., Harper K., Frame E. Screening vegetable oil alcohol esters as fuel lubricity enhancers. J Am Oil Chem Soc 2001, 78:579-584.
6. Lapinskiene A., Martinkus P., Rebzdaite V. Eco-toxicological studies of diesel and biodiesel fuels in aerated soil. Environ Pollut 2006, 142:432-437.
7. Demirbas A. Competitive liquid biofuels from biomass. Appl Energy 2011, 88:17-28.
8. Ng J.H., Ng H.K., Gan S. Recent trends in policies, socioeconomics and future directions of the biodiesel industry. Clean Technol Environ Policy 2010, 12:213-238.
9. Razon L. Alternative crops for biodiesel feedstock. CAB Rev: Perspect Agric Vet Sci Nutr Nat Resour 2009, 4(56). 10.1079/PAVSNNR2009405.
10. Ajanovic A. Biofuels versus food production: does biofuels production increase food prices? Energy; in press. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2010.05.019.
11. Balat M., Balat H. Progress in biodiesel processing. Appl Energy 2010, 87:1815-1835.
12. Schenk P.M., Thomas-Hall S.R., Stephens E., Marx U.C., Mussgnug J.H., Posten C., et al. Second generation biofuels: high-efficiency microalgae for biodiesel production. BioEnergy Res 2008, 1:20-43.
13. Huang G.H., Chen F., Wei D., Zhang X.W., Chen G. Biodiesel production by microalgal biotechnology. Appl Energy 2010, 87:38-46.
14. Dale B.E. Thinking clearly about biofuels: ending the irrelevant net energy debate and developing better performance metrics for alternative fuels. Biofuels, Bioprod Biorefin 2007, 1:14-17.
15. Dale B.E. Net energy: still a (mostly) irrelevant, misleading and dangerous metric. Biofuels, Bioprod Biorefin 2008, 2:495-496.
16. Udo de Haes H.A., Heijungs R. Life cycle assessment for energy analysis and management. Appl Energy 2007, 84:817-827.
17. Poldy F. Net energy and strategic decision-making. Biofuels, Bioprod Biorefin 2008, 2:389-392.
18. Poldy F. The net energy debate: response to Professor Dale. Biofuels, Bioprod Biorefin 2008, 2:497-499.
19. Reijnders L. Do biofuels from microalgae beat biofuels from terrestrial plants?. Trends Biotechnol 2008, 26:349-350.
20. van Beilen J.B. Why microalgal biofuels won't save the internal combustion machine. Biofuels Bioprod Biorefin 2009, 4:41-52.
21. Chisti Y. Response to Reijnders: do biofuels from microalgae beat biofuels from terrestrial plants?. Trends Biotechnol 2008, 26:341-352.
22. Kadam K. Environmental implications of power generation via coal microalgae cofiring. Energy 2002, 27:905-922.
23. Campbell PK, Beer T, Batten D. Life cycle assessment of biodiesel production from microalgae in ponds. Bioresour Technol; in press. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.06.048.
24. Jorquera O., Kiperstok A., Sales E.A., Embiruçu M., Ghirardi M.L. Comparative energy life-cycle analyses of microalgal biomass production in open ponds and photobioreactors. Bioresour Technol 2010, 101:1406-1413.
25. Clarens A.F., Resureccion E.P., White M.A., Colosi L.M. Environmental life cycle comparison of algae to other bioenergy feedstocks. Environ Sci Technol 2010, 44:1813-1819.
26. Lardon L., Helias A., Sialve B., Steyer J.-P., Bernard O. Life-cycle assessment of biodiesel production from microalgae. Environ Sci Technol 2009, 43:6475-6481.
27. Sander K, Murthy GS. Life cycle analysis of algae biodiesel. Int J Life Cycle Assess; in press. doi:10.1007/s11367-010-0194-1.
28. Pokoo-Aikins G., Nadim A., El-Halwagi M.M., Mahalec V. Design and analysis of biodiesel production from algae grown through carbon sequestration. Clean Technol Environ Policy 2010, 12:239-254.
29. Damiani M.C., Popovich C.A., Constenla D., Leonardi P.I. Lipid analysis in Haematococcus pluvialis to assess its potential use as a biodiesel feedstock. Bioresour Technol 2010, 101:3801-3807.
30. 2 mitigation and renewable oil from photosynthetic microbes: a new appraisal. Mitigation Adapt Strat Global Change 2007, 12:573-608.
31. Goodwin T.W., Jamikorn M. Studies in carotegenesis. II. Carotenoid synthesis in the alga Haematococcus pluvialis. Biochem J 1954, 57:376-381.
32. Sommer T.R., Potts W.T., Morrissy N.M. Utilization of microalgal astaxanthin by rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture 1991, 94:79-88.
33. Harker M., Tsavalos A.J., Young A.J. Factors responsible for astaxanthin formation in the chlorophyte Haematococcus pluvialis. Bioresour Technol 1996, 55:207-214.
34. Zhekisheva M., Boussiba S., Khozin-Goldberg I., Zarka A., Cohen Z. Accumulation of oleic acid in Haematococcus pluvialis (chlorophyceae) under nitrogen starvation or high light is correlated with that of astaxanthin esters. J Phycol 2002, 38:325-331.
35. Knothe G. " Designer" biodiesel: optimizing fatty ester composition to improve fuel properties. Energy Fuels 2008, 22:1358-1364.
36. Yan J. Negative CO2 emission systems: carbon capture and storage (CCS) integrated with bioenergy systems. In: Presented at the international conference on applied energy, Singapore; 2010 [April 21-23].
37. Lehr F., Posten C. Closed photo-bioreactors as tools for biofuel production. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2009, 20:280-285.
38. Issarapayup K., Powtongsook S., Pavasant P. Flat panel airlift photobioreactors for cultivation of vegetative cells of microalga Haematococcus pluvialis. J Biotechnol 2009, 142:227-232.
39. Borowitzka M. Culturing microalgae in outdoor ponds. Algal culturing techniques 2005, 205-217. Elsevier Academic Press, San Diego, California. R.A. Andersen (Ed.).
40. Garcia-Malea M.C., Acien F.G., Fernandez J.M., Ceron M.C., Molina E. Continuous production of green cells of Haematococcus pluvialis: modeling of the irradiance effect. Enzyme Microb Technol 2006, 38:981-989.
41. Geider R.J., La Roche J. Redfield revisited: variability of C:N:P in marine microalgae and its biochemical basis. Eur J Phycol 2002, 37:1-17.
42. López M.C.G., Sánchez E.D.R., Casas López J.L., Fernández F.G.A., Sevilla J.M.F., Rivas J., et al. Comparative analysis of the outdoor culture of Haematococcus pluvialis in tubular and bubble column photobioreactors. J Biotechnol 2006, 123:329-342.
43. Genck WJ, Dickey DS, Baczek FA, Bedell DC, Brown K, Chen W, et al. Liquid-solid operations and equipment. In: Dahlstrom DA, section editor. Green DW, Perry RH, editors. Perry's chemical engineers handbook. 8th ed. Digital Engineering Library@McGraw-Hill; 2008. p. 18-82. [accessed 12.09]. http://www.digitalengineeringlibrary.com.
44. Danquah M.K., Gladman B., Moheimani N., Forde G.M. Microalgal growth characteristics and subsequent influence on dewatering efficiency. Chem Eng J 2009, 151:73-78.
45. Lorenz R.T., Cysewski G.R. Commercial potential for Haematococcus microalgae as a natural source of astaxanthin. Trends Biotechnol 2001, 18:160-167.
46. Mendes-Pinto M.M., Raposo M.F.J., Bowen J., Young A.J., Morais R. Evaluation of different cell disruption processes on encysted cells of Haematococcus pluvialis: effects on astaxanthin recovery and implications for bio-availability. J Appl Phycol 2001, 13:19-24.
47. Ennis BJ, Witt W, Weinekotter R, Sphar D, Gommeran E, Snow RH, et al. Solid-solid operations and equipment. In: Green DW, Perry RH, editors. Perry's chemical engineers handbook. 8th ed. Digital Engineering Library@McGraw-Hill; 2008. p. 21-66. [accessed 12.09]. http://www.digitalengineeringlibrary.com.
48. Doucha J., Lívanský K. Influence of processing parameters on disintegration of chlorella cells in various types of homogenizers. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2008, 81:431-440.
49. Huo H, Wang M, Bloyd C, Putsche V. Life-cycle assessment of energy and greenhouse gas effects of soybean-derived biodiesel and renewable fuels. Argonne, Illinois: Argonne National Laboratory; 2008. [accessed 12.09]. http://www.transportation.anl.gov.
50. Angelidaki I., Sanders W. Assessment of the anaerobic biodegradability of macropollutants. Rev Environ Sci Biotechnol 2004, 3:117-129.
51. Jungbluth N, Chudacoff M, Dauriat A, Dinkel F, Doka G, Faist Emmenegger M, et al. Life cycle inventories of bioenergy. Ecoinvent report no. 17. Dübendorf, Switzerland: Swiss Centre for Life Cycle Inventories; 2010.
52. Rodolfi L., Zittelli G.C., Bassi N., Padovani G., Biondi N., Bonini G., et al. Microalgae for oil: strain selection, induction of lipid synthesis and outdoor mass cultivation in a low-cost photobioreactor. Biotechnol Bioeng 2009, 102:100-112.
53. Zmora O., Richmond A. Microalgae production for aquaculture. Handbook of microalgal culture 2004, 365-379. Blackwell, Oxford. A. Richmond (Ed.).
54. Sukenik A., Zmora O., Carmeli Y. Biochemical quality of marine unicellular algae with special emphasis on lipid composition II. Nannochloropsis sp. Aquaculture 1993, 117:313-326.
55. Rebolloso-Fuentes M.M., Navarro-Pérez A., García-Camacho F., Ramos-Miras J.J., Guil-Guerrero J.L. Biomass nutrient profiles of the microalga Nannochloropsis. J Agric Food Chem 2001, 49:2966-2972.
56. Sukenik A., Bilanovic D., Shelef G. Flocculation of microalgae in brackish and sea waters. Biomass 1988, 15:187-199.
57. SIEMENS sludge dryers (company brochure EPS-SLUDGEDRY-USA-BR-0908); 2008. [accessed 08.07.10]. http://www.water.siemens.com.
58. Manish S., Pillai I.R., Banerjee R. Sustainability analysis of renewables for climate change mitigation. Energy Sustain Dev 2006, 10:25-36.
59. Kang C.D., An J.Y., Park T.H., Sim S.J. Astaxanthin biosynthesis from simultaneous N and P uptake by the green alga Haematococcus pluvialis in primary-treated wastewater. Biochem Eng J 2006, 31:234-238.
60. Prueksakorn K., Gheewala S.H. Full chain energy analysis of biodiesel from Jatropha curcas L. in Thailand. Environ Sci Technol 2008, 42:3388-3393.
61. Prueksakorn K., Gheewala S.H., Malakul P., Bonnet S. Energy analysis of Jatropha plantation systems for biodiesel production in Thailand. Energy Sustain Dev 2010, 14:1-5.
62. Pleanjai S., Gheewala S.H. Full chain energy analysis of biodiesel production from palm oil in Thailand. Appl Energy 2009, 86:S209-S214.
63. Yee K.F., Tan K.T., Adullah A.Z., Lee K.T. Life cycle assessment of palm biodiesel: revealing facts and benefits for sustainability. Appl Energy 2009, 86:S189-S196.
64. Ou X., Zhang X., Chang S., Guo Q. Energy consumption and GHG emissions of six biofuel pathways by LCA in China. Appl Energy 2009, 86:S197-S208.
65. Demirbas M.F. Biorefineries for biofuel upgrading. Appl Energy 2009, 86:S151-S161.
66. Zemke P.E., Wood B.D., Dye D.J. Considerations for the maximum production rates of triacylglycerol from microalgae. Biomass Bioenergy 2010, 34:145-151.
67. Vicente G., Bautista L.F., Gutiérrez F.J., Rodríguez R., Martínez V., Rodríguez-Frómeta R.A., et al. Direct transformation of fungal biomass from submerged cultures into biodiesel. Energy Fuels 2010, 24:3173-3178.
68. Kita K., Okada S., Sekino H., Imou K., Yokoyama S., Amano T. Thermal pretreatment of wet microalgae harvest for efficient hydrocarbon recovery. Appl Energy 2010, 87:2420-2423.
69. Yang Z., Guo R., Xu X., Fan X., Luo S. Fermentative hydrogen production from lipid-extracted microalgal biomass residues. Appl Energy 2011, 88(10):3468-3472.
70. Ehimen E.A., Sun Z.F., Carrington C.G., Birch E.J., Eaton-Rye J.J. Anaerobic digestion of microalgae residues resulting from the biodiesel production process. Appl Energy 2011, 88(10):3454-3463.