Clonal Growth Forms in Eastern Ladakh, Western Himalayas: Classification and Habitat Preferences

Folia Geobotanica

Volumn 46, Issue 2-3, 2011, Pages 191-217

  Klimešová, Jitka ^a   Doležal, Jiří ^a,b   Dvorský, Miroslav ^a,b   de Bello, Francesco ^a,c   Klimeš, Leoš ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF BOTANY   (Czech Republic)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH BOHEMIA   (Czech Republic)

^c UNIVERSITÉ JOSEPH FOURIER   (France)

Author keywords

Altitude; Classification; Clonal growth form; Clonal space occupancy strategies; Habitat types; Ladakh

Indexed keywords

ALTITUDE; CLASSIFICATION; CLONAL GROWTH; ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENT; GRASSLAND; HABITAT SELECTION; HABITAT TYPE; PERENNIAL PLANT; RHIZOME; SHRUB; STEPPE; VASCULAR PLANT;

HIMALAYAS; INDIA; LADAKH HIMALAYAS;

CARAGANA; KOBRESIA; TRACHEOPHYTA;

EID: 79957841567     PISSN: 12119520     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12224-010-9076-3     Document Type: Article

References (78)

1. Baitulin IO (1979) Kornevaia sistema rastenii aridnoi zony Kazakhstana (Root systems of plants of the arid zone in Kazakhstan). Nauka, Alma-Ata.
2. Barkman JJ (1988) New systems of plant growth forms and phenological plant types. In Werger MJA, van der Aart PJM, During HJ, Verhoeven JTA (eds) Plant form and vegetation structure. SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague, pp 9-44.
3. Bhattacharyya A (1989) Vegetation and climate during the last 30000 years in Ladakh. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol 73: 25-38.
4. Billings WD (1974) Adaptations and origins of alpine plants. Arctic Alpine Res 6: 129-142.
5. Bliss LC (1971) Arctic and alpine life cycles. Annual Rev Ecol Syst 2: 405-438.
6. Callaghan TV, Carlsson BA, Jónsdóttir IS, Svenson BM, Jonasson S (1992) Clonal plants and environmental change - Introduction to the proceedings and summary. Oikos 63: 341-347.
7. Callaghan TV, Jonasson S, Brooker RW (1997) Arctic clonal plants and global change. In de Kroon H, van Groenendael JM (eds) The ecology and evolution of clonal plants. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, pp 381-403.
8. Chowdhery HJ, Rao RR (1990) Plant life in the Himalayan cold deserts: some adaptive strategies. Bull Bot Surv India 32: 43-56.
9. de Kroon H, van Groenendael J (1997) The ecology and evolution of clonal plants. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden.
10. den Hartog C, Segal S (1964) A new classification of water-plant communities. Acta Bot Neerl 13: 367-393.
11. Dickoré WB, Miehe G (2002) Cold spots in the highest mountains of the world - diversity patterns and gradients in the flora of the Karakorum. In Körner C, Spehn E (eds) Mountain biodiversity: a global assessment. Parthenon Publishers, Lancaster, pp 129-147.
12. Drude O (1887) Deutschlands Pflanzengeographie. Handb Deutsch Landes- Volksk 4: 1-502.
13. Du Rietz GE (1931) Life-forms of terrestrial flowering plants. Acta Phytogeogr Suec 3: 1-95.
14. Dvorský M, Doležal J, de Bello F, Klimešová J, Klimeš L (2011) Vegetation types of East Ladakh: Species and growth form composition along main environmental gradients. Appl Veg Sci (in press).
15. Evette A, Bédécarrats A, Bornette G (2009) Environmental constraints influence clonal traits of herbaceous plant communities in an Alpine Massif. Folia Geobot 44: 95-108.
16. Gimingham CH (1951) The use of life form and growth form in the analysis of community structure, as illustrated by a comparison of two dune communities. J Ecol 39: 396-406.
17. Grace JB (1993) The adaptive significance of clonal reproduction in angiosperms - an aquatic perspective. Aquatic Bot 44: 159-180.
18. Grime JP (2006) Trait convergence and trait divergence in herbaceous plant communities: mechanisms and consequences. J Veg Sci 17: 255-260.
19. Grime JP, Hodgson JG, Hunt R (1988) Comparative plant ecology. Unwin-Hyman, London.
20. Grisebach A (1872) Die Vegetation der Erde nach ihrer klimatischen Anordnung I, II. W. Engelmann, Leipzig.
21. Halassy M, Campetella G, Canullo R, Mucina R. (2005) Patterns of functional clonal traits and clonal growth modes in contrasting grasslands in the central Apennines, Italy. J Veg Sci 16: 29-36.
22. Hallé F, Oldeman RAA, Tomlinson PB (1978) Tropical trees and forests. An architectural analysis. Springer Verlag, New York.
23. Halloy S (1990) A morphological classification of plants, with special reference to the New Zealand alpine flora. J Veg Sci 1: 291-304.
24. Hartmann H (1957) Studien über die vegetative Fortpflanzung in den Hochalpen. Bischofberger & Co., Buchdruckerei Untertor, Chu
25. Hartmann H (1983) Pflanzengesellschaften entlang der Kashmirroute in Ladakh. Jahrb Ver Schutz Bergwelt 48: 131-173.
26. Hartmann H (1984) Neue und wenig bekannte Blütenpflanzen aus Ladakh mit einem Nachtrag zur Flora des Karakorum. Candollea 39: 507-537.
27. Hartmann H (1987) Pflanzengesellschaften trockener Standorte aus der subalpinen und alpinen Stufe im südlichen und östlichen Ladakh. Candollea 42: 277-326.
28. Hartmann H (1990) Pflanzengesellschaften aus der alpinen Stufe des westlichen, südlichen und östlichen Ladakh mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der rasenbildenden Gesellschaften. Candollea 45: 525-574.
29. Hartmann H (1995) Beitrag zur Kenntnis der subalpinen Wüsten-Vegetation im Einzugsgebiet des Indus von Ladakh (Indien). Candollea 50: 367-410.
30. Hartmann H (1997) Zur Flora und Vegetation der Halbwüsten, Steppen und Rasengesellschaften im südöstlichen Ladakh (Indien). Jahrb Ver Schutz Bergwelt 62: 129-188.
31. Hartmann H (1999) Studien zur Flora und Vegetation im östlichen Transhimalaya von Ladakh (Indien). Candollea 45: 171-230.
32. Hejný S (1960) Ökologische Charakteristik der Wasser-und Sumpfpflanzen in der slowakischen Tiefebenen (Donau und Theissgebiet). Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava.
33. Hess E (1909) Über die Wuchsformen der alpinen Geröllpflanzen. Arbeit aus dem Botanischen Museum des eidg. Polytechnikum Zürich, Druck von C. Heinrich, Dresden.
34. Hill MO, Šmilauer P (2005) TWINSPAN for Windows version 2. 3. Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Huntingdon and University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice.
35. Holzner W, Kriechbaum M (1998) Man's impact on the vegetation and landscape in the Inner Himalaya and Tibet. In Elvin M, Ts'ui-Jung L (eds) Sediments of time. Environment and society in Chinese history. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 53-106.
36. Jina PS (1995) High pasturelands of Ladakh Himalaya. Indus Publishing Company, New Delhi.
37. Jonasson S, Callaghan TV (1992) Root mechanical properties related to disturbed and stressed habitats in the Arctic. New Phytol 122: 179-186.
38. Jónsdóttir IS, Watson M (1997) Extensive physiological integration: an adaptive trait in resource-poor environments? In de Kroon H, van Groenendael J (eds) The ecology and evolution of clonal plants. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, pp 109-136.
39. Jónsdóttir IS, Callaghan TV, Headley AD (1996) Resource dynamics within arctic clonal plants. Ecol Bull 45: 53-64.
40. Kala CP, Mathur VB (2002) Patterns of plant species distribution in the Trans-Himalayan region of Ladakh, India. J Veg Sci 13: 751-754.
41. Kästner A, Karrer G (1995) Übersicht der "Wuchsformtypen als Grundlage für deren Erfassung in der "Flora von Österreich". Fl Austr Novit 3: 1-51.
42. Klimeš L (2003) Life-forms and clonality of vascular plants along an altitudinal gradient in E Ladakh (NW Himalayas). Basic Appl Ecol 4: 317-328.
43. Klimeš L (2008) Clonal splitters and integrators in harsh environments of the Trans-Himalaya. Evol Ecol 22: 351-367.
44. Klimeš L, Dickoré WB (2006) Flora of Ladakh (Jammu & Kashmir, India). A preliminary checklist. Available at: http://www. butbn. cas. cz/klimes.
45. Klimeš L, Doležal J (2010) An experimental assessment of the upper elevational limit of flowering plants in the Western Himalayas. Ecography 32 (doi: 10. 1111/j. 1600-0587. 2009. 05967. x).
46. Klimeš L, Klimešová J (1999) CLO-PLA2 - A database of clonal plants in central Europe. Pl Ecol 141: 9-19.
47. Klimeš L, Klimešová J (2000) Plant rarity and the type of clonal growth. Z Ökol Naturschutz 9: 43-52.
48. Klimeš L, Klimešová J (2005) Clonal traits. In Knevel IC, Bekker RM, Kunzmann D, Stadler M, Thompson K (eds) The Leda traitbase collecting and measuring standards of life-history traits of the Northwest European flora. EDA Traitbase project, University of Groningen, Community and Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen, pp 66-88.
49. Klimeš L, Klimešová J, Hendriks R, van Groenendael J (1997) Clonal plant architectures: a comparative analysis of form and function. In de Kroon H, van Groenendael J (eds) The ecology and evolution of clonal plants. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, pp 1-29.
50. Klimešová J, de Bello F (2009) CLO-PLA: the database of clonal and bud bank traits of Central European flora. J Veg Sci 20: 511-516.
51. Klimešová J, Klimeš L (2008) Clonal growth diversity and bud banks in the Czech flora: an evaluation using the CLO-PLA3 database. Preslia 80: 255-275.
52. Körner Ch (1999a) Alpine plant life. Springer Verlag, Berlin.
53. Körner Ch (1999b) Alpine plants: stressed or adapted? In Press MC, Scholes JD, Barker MG (eds) Physiological plant ecology. Blackwell Science, Oxford, pp 297-311.
54. Krumbiegel A (1998) Growth forms of annual vascular plants in central Europe. Nordic J Bot 18: 563-575.
55. Krumbiegel A (1999) Growth forms of biennial and pluriennial vascular plants in central Europe. Nordic J Bot 19: 217-226.
56. Lepš J, Šmilauer P. (2003) Multivariate analysis of ecological data using CANOCO. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
57. Lovett Doust L (1981) Population dynamics and local specialization in a clonal perennial (Ranunculus repens). 1. The dynamics of ramets in contrasting habitats. J Ecol 69: 743-755.
58. Lukasiewicz A (1962) Morfologiczno-pozvojove typy bylin (Morphologic development types of perennials). Poznaňskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciól Nauk, Wydz Mat-Przyr, Prace Komis Biol 27(1): 1-398.
59. Miehe G, Winiger M, Böhner J, Zhang YL (2001) The climatic diagram map of High Asia. Purpose and concepts. Erdkunde 55: 94-97.
60. Pakeman RJ, Quested HM (2007) Sampling plant functional traits: what proportion of the species need to be measured? Appl Veg Sci 10: 91-96.
61. Pakeman RJ, Garnier E, Lavorel S, Ansquer P, Castro H, Cruz P, Doležal J, Eriksson O, Freitas H, Golodets C, Kigel J, Kleyer M, Lepš J, Meier T, Papadimitriou M, Papanastasis VP., Quested H, Quétier F, Rusch G, Sternberg M, Theau J-P, Thébault A, Vile D (2008) Impact of abundance weighting on the response of seed traits to climate and land use. J Ecol 96: 355-366.
62. Parsons DJ (1976) Vegetation structure in the mediterranean scrub community of California and Chile. J Ecol 64: 435-447.
63. Rauh W (1939) Über polsterförmigen Wuchs. Nova Acta Leopold 7/49: 267-508.
64. Rauh W (1987) Tropische Hochgebirgpflanzen. Sitzungsber Heidelberger Akad Wiss Math-Natuwiss Kl 3: 105-304.
65. Raunkiaer C (1907) Planterigets Livsformer og deres Betydning for Geografien. Munskgaard, Copenhagen.
66. Raunkiaer C (1910) Statistik der Lebensformen als Grundlage für die biologische Pflanzengeographie. Beih Bot Centralbl 27: 171-206.
67. Stewart RR (1916-1917) The flora of Ladakh. Bull Torrey Bot Club 43:571-588 and 625-650 Stocklin J, Baumler E (1996) Seed rain, seedling establishment and clonal growth strategies on a glacier foreland. J Veg Sci 7:45-56
68. Tamm A, Kull K, Sammul M (2002) Classifying clonal growth forms based on vegetative mobility and ramet longevity: A whole community analysis. Evol Ecol 15:383-40
69. ter Braak CJF, smilauer P (1998) CANOCO reference manual and users guide to Canoco for Windows.Software for canonical community ordination (version 4). Centre for Biometry, Wageningen
70. van Groenendael JM, de Kroon H (1990) Clonal growth in plants: Regulation and function. SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague
71. Stöcklin J, Bäumler E (1996) Seed rain, seedling establishment and clonal growth strategies on a glacier foreland. J Veg Sci 7: 45-56.
72. Tamm A, Kull K, Sammul M (2002) Classifying clonal growth forms based on vegetative mobility and ramet longevity: a whole community analysis. Evol Ecol 15: 383-401.
73. ter Braak CJF, Šmilauer P (1998) CANOCO reference manual and user's guide to Canoco for Windows. Software for canonical community ordination (version 4). Centre for Biometry, Wageningen.
74. van Groenendael JM, de Kroon H (1990) Clonal growth in plants: Regulation and function. SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague.
75. van Groenendael JM, Klimeš L, Klimešová J, Hendriks RJJ (1996) Comparative ecology of clonal plants. Philos Trans, Ser B 351: 1331-1339.
76. von Humboldt A (1806) Ideen zu einer Phisiognomik der Gewächse. Cotta, Stuttgart.
77. von Lampe M (1999) Vorschlag zur Bezeichnung der Innovations-und Überdauerungsorgane bei den terrestrischen Stauden Zentraleuropas. Beitr Biol Pflanzen 71: 335-367.
78. Warming E (1923) Ökologiens Grundformer. Kongel Danske Vidensk Selsk Skr, Naturvidensk Math Afd 8(4): 120-187.