Revised age of late Neanderthal occupation and the end of the Middle Paleolithic in the northern Caucasus

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Volumn 108, Issue 21, 2011, Pages 8611-8616

  Pinhasi, Ron ^a   Higham, Thomas F G ^b   Golovanova, Liubov V ^c   Doronichev, Vladimir B ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE CORK   (Ireland)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^c Laboratory of Prehistory   (Russian Federation)

Author keywords

Admixture; Ultrafiltration

Indexed keywords

CARBON 14; COLLAGEN;

ARCHEOLOGY; ARTICLE; BAYES THEOREM; BONE; CHRONOLOGY; FOSSIL; PALEOLITHIC; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SPECIES EXTINCTION;

ANIMALS; ASIA, WESTERN; BAYES THEOREM; EUROPE, EASTERN; FOSSILS; HISTORY, ANCIENT; HOMINIDAE; HUMANS; PALEONTOLOGY; RADIOMETRIC DATING;

EID: 79957720226     PISSN: 00278424     EISSN: 10916490     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1018938108     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Krause J, et al. (2007) Neanderthals in central Asia and Siberia. Nature 449:902-904. (Pubitemid 47598612)
2. Green RE, et al. (2006) Analysis of one million base pairs of Neanderthal DNA. Nature 444:330-336. (Pubitemid 44764103)
3. Pennisi E (2009) Neandertal genomics. Tales of a prehistoric human genome. Science 323:866-871.
4. Green RE, et al. (2010) A draft sequence of the Neandertal genome. Science 328:710-722.
5. 14C time scale - The Middle to Upper Paleolithic record of Western Eurasia. J Hum Evol 55:782-802.
6. Golovanova LV, et al. (2010) Significance of ecological factors in the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition. Curr Anthropol 51:655-691.
7. Higham TFG, Jacobi RM, Bronk Ramsay C (2006) AMS radiocarbon dating of ancient bone using ultrafiltration. Radiocarbon 48:179-195.
8. Bird MI, et al. (1999) Radiocarbon dating of 'old' charcoal using a wet oxidation-stepped combustion procedure. Radiocarbon 41:127-140.
9. Higham T, et al. (2009) Problems with radiocarbon dating the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in Italy. Quat Sci Rev 28:1257-1267.
10. Conard NJ, Bolus M (2003) Radiocarbon dating the appearance of modern humans and timing of cultural innovations in Europe: New results and new challenges. J Hum Evol 44:331-371. (Pubitemid 36447178)
11. Conard NJ, Grootes PM, Smith FH (2004) Unexpectedly recent dates for human remains from Vogelherd. Nature 430:198-201. (Pubitemid 38902426)
12. Higham T, Ramsey CB, Karavanić I, Smith FH, Trinkaus E (2006) Revised direct radiocarbon datingoftheVindijaG1UpperPaleolithicNeandertals. ProcNatlAcadSciUSA103:553-557.
13. Semal P, et al. (2009) New data on the late Neandertals: Direct dating of the Belgian Spy fossils. Am J Phys Anthropol 138:421-428.
14. Svoboda JJ, Van der Plicht J, Kuželka V (2002) Upper Palaeolithic and Mesolithic human fossils from Moravia and Bohemia (Czech Republic): Some new C14 dates. Antiquity 76:957-962.
15. Svoboda JJ, Van der Plicht J, Kuželka V, Vlček E (2004) New radiocarbon datings of human fossils from caves and rockshelters in Bohemia (Czech Republic). Anthropologie (Brno) 42:161-166.
16. Tillier AM, Mester Z, Bocherens H, Henry-Gambier D, Pap I (2009) Direct dating of the "Gravettian" Balla child's skeleton from Bükk Mountains (Hungary): Unexpected results. J Hum Evol 56:209-212.
17. Wild EM, et al. (2005) Direct dating of Early Upper Palaeolithic human remains from Mladec. Nature 435:332-335. (Pubitemid 40745541)
18. Golovanova LV, et al. (2006) The Early Upper Paleolithic in the Northern Caucasus (new data from Mezmaiskaya Cave, 1997). Eurasian Prehistory 4:43-78.
19. Golovanova LV, Hoffecker JF, Kharitonov VM, Romanova GP (1999) Mezmaiskaya Cave: Neanderthal occupation in the northern Caucasus. Curr Anthropol 40:77-86.
20. Skinner AR, et al. (2005) ESR dating at Mezmaiskaya Cave, Russia. Appl Radiat Isot 62: 219-224.
21. Adler DS, et al. (2008) Dating the demise: Neandertal extinction and the establishment of modern humans in the southern Caucasus. J Hum Evol 55:817-833.
22. Reimer PJ, et al. (2009) IntCal09 and Marine09 radiocarbon age calibration curves, 0-50,000 years cal BP. Radiocarbon 51:1111-1150.
23. Bronk Ramsay C (2009) Bayesian analysis of radiocarbon dates. Radiocarbon 51:337-360.
24. Ponce de León MS, et al. (2008) Neanderthal brain size at birth provides insights into the evolution of human life history. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 105:13764-13768.
25. Ovchinnikov IV, et al. (2000) Molecular analysis of Neanderthal DNA from the northern Caucasus. Nature 404:490-493. (Pubitemid 30186889)
26. Delson E, Harvati K (2006) Palaeoanthropology: Return of the last Neanderthal. Nature 443:762-763. (Pubitemid 44622677)
27. Finlayson C, et al. (2006) Late survival of Neanderthals at the southernmost extreme of Europe. Nature 443:850-853. (Pubitemid 44641712)
28. Blackwell BAB, et al. (2009) ESR dating at hominid and archaeological sites during the Pleistocene. Sourcebook of Paleolithic Transitions, eds Camps M, Chauhan P (Springer, New York), pp 93-119.
29. Higham TFG (2011) European Middle and Upper Palaeolithic radiocarbon dates are often older than they look: Problems with previous dates and some remedies. Antiquity 85:235-249.
30. Buck CE, Cavanagh WG, Litton CD (1996) Bayesian Approach to Interpreting Archaeological Data (Wiley, Chichester, UK).
31. Bronk Ramsay C (1998) Probability and dating. Radiocarbon 40:461-474.
32. Bronk Ramsay C (2009) Dealing with outliers and offsets in radiocarbon dating. Radiocarbon 51:1023-1045.
33. Bar-Yosef O, Belfer-Cohen A, Adler DS (2006) The implications of the Middle-Upper Paleolithic chronological boundary in the Caucasus to Eurasian prehistory. Anthropologie (Brno) 44:81-92.
34. Golovanova LV, Doronichev VB, Cleghorn NE (2010) The emergence of bone-working and ornamental art in the Caucasian Upper Palaeolithic. Antiquity 84:299-320.
35. Bronk Ramsey C, Higham TFG, Bowles A, Hedges REM (2004) Improvements to the pretreatment of bone at Oxford. Radiocarbon 46:155-163. (Pubitemid 39030578)
36. Brock F, Ramsey CB, Higham T (2007) Quality assurance of ultrafiltered bone dating. Radiocarbon 49:187-192.
37. Brown TA, Nelson DE, Vogel JS, Southon JR (1988) Improved collagen extraction by modified Longin method. Radiocarbon 30:171-177.
38. Jacobi RM, Higham TFG, Bronk Ramsey C (2006) AMS radiocarbon dating of Middle and Upper Palaeolithic bone in the British Isles: Improved reliability using ultrafiltration. J Quarter Sci 21:557-573. (Pubitemid 44082417)
39. 14C data. Radiocarbon 19:355-363.
40. Wood RE, Bronk Ramsey C, Higham TFG (2010) Refining the ultrafiltration bone pretreatment background for radiocarbon dating at ORAU. Radiocarbon 52:600-611.
41. Svensson A, et al. (2006) The Greenland ice core chronology 2005, 15-42 ka. Part 2: Comparison to other records. Quat Sci Rev 25:3258-3267.
42. Andersen KK, et al. (2006) The Greenland ice core chronology 2005, 15-42 ka. Part 1: Constructing the time scale. Quat Sci Rev 25:3246-3257.