Quantitative source apportionment of size-segregated particulate matter at urbanized local site in Korea

Aerosol and Air Quality Research

Volumn 11, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 247-264

  Oh, Mi Seok ^a   Lee, Tae Jung ^a   Kim, Dong Sool ^a  

^a Kyung Hee University   (South Korea)

Author keywords

Cascade impactor; CPF; PMF; Size segregation; Source contribution

Indexed keywords

CASCADE IMPACTORS; CPF; PMF; SIZE SEGREGATION; SOURCE CONTRIBUTION;

ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; ATMOSPHERIC MOVEMENTS; BARIUM; CADMIUM COMPOUNDS; CHLORINE; CHROMATOGRAPHY; CHROMIUM; INCINERATION; ION CHROMATOGRAPHY; LEAD; MANGANESE; METEOROLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS; VANADIUM;

COAL COMBUSTION;

AERODYNAMICS; AEROSOL COMPOSITION; AEROSOL PROPERTY; ATMOSPHERIC TRANSPORT; ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY; DUST; EMISSION CONTROL; PROBABILITY; SEA SALT; SUSPENDED PARTICULATE MATTER; URBAN ATMOSPHERE;

KOREA;

EID: 79957450390     PISSN: 16808584     EISSN: 20711409     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4209/aaqr.2010.11.0099     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. Anlauf, K., Li, S.M., Leaitch, R., Brook, J., Hayden, K., Toom-Sauntry, D. and Wiebe, A. (2006). Ionic Composition and Size Characteristics of Particles in the Lower Fraser Valley: Pacofoc 2001 Field Study. Atmos. Environ. 40: 2662-2675.
2. Appel, B.R., Tokiwa, Y., Hsu, J., Kothny, E.L. and Hann, E. (1985). Visibility as Related to Atmospheric Aerosol Constituents. Atmos. Environ. 20: 1969-1977.
3. Ashbaugh, L.L., Malm, C. and Sadeh, W.D. (1985). A Residence Time Probability Analysis of Sulfur Concentrations at Grand Canyon National Park. Atmos. Environ. 19: 1263-1270.
4. Chiang, H. and Huang, Y. (2009). Particulate Matter Emissions from On-road Vehicles in a Freeway Tunnel Study. Atmos. Environ. 43: 4014-4022.
5. Chow, J.C. (1995). Measurement Methods to Determine Compliance with Ambient Air Quality Standards for Suspended Particles. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 45:320-382.
6. Eatough, E.J., Mangelson, N.F., Anderson, R.R., Martello, D.V., Pekney, N.J., Davidson, C.I. and Modey, W.K. (2007). Apportionment of Ambient Primary and Secondary Fine Particulate Matter during a 2001 Summer Intensive Study at the CMU Supersite and NETL Pittsburgh Site. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 57:1251-1267.
7. EPA. (1999). SPECIATE Ver 3.1.
8. Feng, Y. and Penner, J. (2007) Global Modeling of Nitrate and Ammonium: Interaction of Aerosols and Tropospheric Chemistry. J. Geophys. Res. 112: D01304, doi: 10.1029/2005JD006404.
9. Guerra, S.A., Lane, D.D., Marotz, G.A., Carter, R.E., Hohi, C.M. and Baldauf, R.W. (2006). Effects of Wind Direction on Coarse and Fine Particulate Matter Concentrations in Southeast Kansas. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 56: 1525-1531.
10. Han, J.S., Moon, K.J., Kim, R.H., Shin, S.A., Hong, Y.D. and Jung, I.R. (2006b). Preliminary Source Apportionment of Ambient VOCs Measured in Seoul Metropolitan Area by Positive Matrix Factorization. J. Korean Soc. Atmos. Environ. 22: 85-97.
11. Han, J.S., Moon, K.J., Lee, S.J., Kim, Y.J., Ryu, S.Y., Cliff, S.S. and Yi, S.M. (2006). Size-resolved Source Apportionment of Ambient Particles by Positive Matrix Factorization at Gosan Background Site in East Asia. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 6: 211-223.
12. Hidy, G.M. (1972). Aerosols and Atmospheric Chemistry, Academic Press, New York.
13. Hopke, P.K. (1985). Receptor Modeling in Environmental Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons.
14. Hopke, P.K. (2000). A Guide to Positive Matrix Factorization, in workshop on UNMIX and PMF as applied to PM2.5. Edited by R.D. Willis, RTP, NC, EPA 600/A-00/048.
15. Hwang, H. and Ro, C.U. (2006) Direct Observation of Nitrate and Sulfate Formations from Mineral Dust and Sea-salts Using low-Z Particle Electron Probe X-ray Microanalysis. Atmos. Environ. 40: 3869-3880.
16. Hwang, I.J. and Kim, D.S. (2003). Estimation of Quantitative Source Contribution of Ambient PM10 Using the PMF Model. J. Korean Soc. Atmos. Environ. 19: 719-731.
17. Hwang, I.J., Bong, C.K., Lee, T.J. and Kim, D.S. (2002). Source Identification and Quantification of Coarse and Fine Particles by TTFA and PMF. J. Korean Soc. Atmos. Environ. 18: 203-213.
18. Hwang, I.J., Kim, T.O. and Kim, D.S. (2001). Source Identification of PM-10 in Suwon Using the Method of Positive Matrix Factorization. J. Korean Soc. Atmos. Environ. 17: 133-145.
19. Jeong, C.H., Evans, G.J., Dann, T., Graham, M., Herod, D., Dabeck-Zlotorzynska, E., Mathieu, D., Ding, L. and Wang, D. (2008). Influence of Biomass Burning on Wintertime Fine Particulate Matter; Source Contribution at a Valley Site in Rural British Columbia. Atmos. Environ. 42: 3684-3699.
20. John, W., Wall, S.M., Ondo, J.L. and Winklmayr, W. (1990). Modes in the Size Distribution of Atmospheric Inorganic Aerosol. Atmos. Environ. 24A: 2349-2359.
21. Jonson, J.E., Barrett, A.K., Grini, A. and Tarrason, L. (2000). On the Distribution of Sea Salt and Sodium Nitrate Particles in Europe, Transport and Chemical Transportation in the Troposphere. Proceedings of the EUROTRAC Symposium, 6th, Gaimisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, 27-31 March 2000, p. 695-699.
22. Kang, B.W., Kang, C.M., Lee, H.S. and Sunwoo, Y. (2008) Identification of Potential Source Locations of PM2.5 in Seoul Using Hybrid-receptor Models. J. Korean Soc. Atmos. Environ. 24: 662-673.
23. KEEI. (2009). Korea Energy Economics Institute, 2009. Yearbook of Energy Statistics, ISSN 1226-606X. Ministry of Knowledge Economy, Korea.
24. Khoder, M.I. (2002). Atmospheric Conversion of Sulfur Dioxide to Particulate Sulfate and Nitrogen Nitric Acid in an Urban Area. Chemosphere 49: 675-684.
25. Kim, D.S. (2009). The Past, Present, and Future of Atmospheric Science and Technology in Korea. J. Korean Soc. Atmos. Environ. 25(6).
26. Kim, D.S. and Lee, T.J. (1993). Quantitative Source Estimation of Particulate Matters in Suwon Area Using the TTFA Based on Size Segregation Scheme. J. Korean Air Pollut. Res. Assoc. 9: 44-50.
27. Kim, E. and Hopke, P.K. (2004a). Source Apportionment of Fine Particles in Washington, DC, Utilizing Temperature-resolved Carbon Fractions. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 54: 773-785.
28. Kim, E. and Hopke, P.K. (2004b). Improving Source Identification of Fine Particles in a Rural Northeastern US Area Utilizing Temperature Resolved Carbon Fractions. J. Geophys. Res. 109: D09204.
29. Kim, E. and Hopke, P.K. (2004d). Comparison between Conditional Probability Function and Nonparametric Regression for Fine Particle Source Directions. Atmos. Environ. 38: 4667-4673.
30. Kim, E., Hopke, P.K. and Edgerton, E.S. (2004c). Improving Source Identification of Atlanta Aerosol Using Temperature Resolved Carbon Fractions in Positive Matrix Factorization. Atmos. Environ. 38: 3349-3362.
31. Kim, E., Larson, T.V., Hopke, P.K., Slaughter, C., Sheppard, L.E. and Claibom, C. (2003). Source Identification of PM2.5 in an Arid Northwest U.S. City by Positive Matrix Factorization. Atmos. Res. 66: 291-305.
32. Kim, K.H., Kim, D.S. and Lee, T.J. (1997). The Temporal Variabilities in the Concentrations of Airborne Lead and its Relationship to Aerosol Behavior. Atmos. Environ. 31: 3449-3458.
33. Kim, S.D., Kim, D.S, S.Y. Cho, Kim, Y.J. and Lee, J.J. (2006) (Nov). Investigation of Ambient PM10 Generation Processes and Establishment of Its Reduction Strategies. Final Report for Study on Air Quality Management Plans in Seoul Metropolitan Area. National Institute of Environmental Research.
34. Kim, T.O., Kim, D.S. and Na, J.G. (1990). Quantitative Source Estimation of Particulate Matters in Busan Area Using TTFA. J. Korean Air Pollut. Res. Assoc. 6: 135-146.
35. KMA. (2006-2008). Korea Meteorological Administration, 2006-2008, Meteorological Phenomena.
36. Kupiainen, K.J., Tervahattu, H., Raisanen, M., Makela, T., Aurela, M. and Hillamo, R. (2005). Size and Composition of Airborne Particles from Pavement Wear, Tires, and Traction Sanding. Environ. Sci. Technol. 39:699-706.
37. Lee, E., Chan, C.K. and Paatero, P. (1999). Application of Positive Matrix Factorization in Source Apportionment of Particulate Pollutants in Hong Kong. Atmos. Environ. 33: 3201-3212
38. Lee, J.H., Youshida, Y., Turpin, B.J., Hopke, P.K., Poirot, R.L., Lioy, P.J. and Oxley, J.C. (2002). Identification of Sources Contributing to Mid-Atlantic Regional Aerosol. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 52:1186-1205.
39. Lee, S. and Russell, A.G. (2007). Estimating Uncertainties and Uncertainty Contributors of CMB PM2.5 Source Apportionment Results. Atmos. Environ. 41: 9616-9624.
40. Lee, S., Liu, W., Wang, Y., Russell, A.G. and Edgerton, E.S. (2008). Source Apportionment of PM2.5: Comparing PMF and CMB Results for Four Ambient Monitoring Sites in the Southeastern United States. Atmos. Environ. 42: 4126-4137.
41. Lee, T.J., Kim, S.C. and Kim, D.S. (1995). Determination of Atmospheric Lead in Suwon City. Journal of Korean Environmental Sciences Society 5: 535-542.
42. Lewis, E.R. and Schwartz, S.E. (2004). Sea Salt Aerosol Production: Mechanisms, Methods, Measurements, and Models, AGU.
43. Lough, G.C., Schauer, J.J., Park, J.S., Shafer, M.M., Deminter, J.T. and Weinstein, J.P. (2005). Emissions of Metals Associated with Motor Vehicle Roadways. Environ. Sci. Technol. 39: 826-836.
44. Monte, M.D. and Rossi, P. (2000). Calcium in the Urban Atmosphere, in Aerosol Chemical Processes in the Environment, Spurny, K.R. (Ed.), Lewis Publishers, New York.
45. Morawska, L. and Zhang, J. (2002). Combustion Sources of Particles. 1. Health Relevance and Source Signatures. Chemosphere 49: 1045-1058.
46. Mori, I., Nishikawa, M., Tanimura, T. and Quan, H. (2003). Change in size distribution and chemical composition of kosa (Asian dust) aerosol during long-range transport. Atmos. Environ. 37: 4253-4263.
47. Oh, M.S., Lee, T.J. and Kim, D.S. (2009). Source Identification of Ambient Size-by-size Particulate Using the Positive Matrix Factorization Model on the Border of Yongin and Suwon. J. Korean Soc. Atmos. Environ. 25: 108-121.
48. Paatero, P. and Tapper, U. (1994). Positive Matrix Factorization: A Non-negative Factor Model with Optimal Utilization of Error Estimates of Data Values. Environmetrics 5: 111-126.
49. Polissar, A.V., Hopke, P.K. and Poirot, R.D. (2001). Atmospheric Aerosol over Vermont: Chemical Composition and Sources. Environ. Sci. Technol. 35:4604-4621.
50. Polissar, A.V., Hopke, P.K., Paatero, P., Malm, W.C. and Sisler, J.F. (1998). Atmospheric Aerosol over Alaska, 2. Elemental Composition and Sources. J. Geophys. Res. 103: 19045-19057.
51. Pope, C.A., Bates, D.V. and Raizenne, M.E. (1995). Health Effects of Particulate Air Pollution: Time for Reassessment. Environ. Health Perspect. 103: 472-480.
52. Qin, Y. (2005). Estimation of Organic Carbon Blank Values and Error Structures of the Speciation Trend Network Data for Source Apportionment. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 55: 1190-1199.
53. Ramadan, Z., Song, X.H. and Hopke, P.K. (2000). Identification of Sources of Phoenix Aerosol by Positive Matrix Factorization. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 50:1308-1320.
54. Rocha, C.O., Allen, A.G. and Cardoso, A.A. (2005). Influence of Agricultural Biomass Burning on Aerosol Size Distribution and Dry Deposition in Southeastern Brazil. Environ. Sci. Technol. 39: 5293-5301.
55. Schroeder, W.H., Dobson, M., Kane, D.M. and Johnson, N.D. (1987). Toxic Trace Elements Associated with Airborne Particulate Matter: A Review. J. Korean Air Pollut. Res. Assoc. 37: 1267-1285.
56. Schwartz, J. and Dockery, D.W. (1992). Increased Mortality in Philadelphia Associated with Daily Air Pollution Concentrations. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 145:600-604.
57. Seinfeld, J.H. and Pandis, S.P. (1998). Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, John Wiley & Sons.
58. Shin, S.A., Han, J.S. and Kim, S.D. (2006) Source Apportionment and the Origin of Asian Dust Observed in Korea by Receptor Modeling (CMB). J. Korean Soc. Atmos. Environ. 22: 157-166.
59. Song, X.H., Polissar, A.V. and Hopke, P.K. (2001). Source of Fine Particle Composition in the Northeastern US. Atmos. Environ. 35: 5277-5286.
60. Suwon City.(2010).http://eng.suwon.ne.kr/sub/happy_uwon/happy_02_01.asp?menuCode=0102.
61. Takahashi, H., Naoe, H., Igarashi, Y., Inomata, Y. and Sugimoto, N. (2010). Aerosol Concentrations Observed at Mt. Haruna, Japan, in Relation to Long-range Transport of Asian Mineral Dust Aerosols. Atmos. Environ. 44: 4638e4644.U.S.
62. Watson, J.G. and Chow, J.C. (1994). Ammonium Nitrate, Nitric Acid and Ammonia Equilibrium in Wintertime Phoenix Arizona. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 44: 405-412.
63. Wilson, W.E., Chow, J.C., Claiborn, C., Fusheng, W., Engelbrecht, E.J. and Watson, J.G. (2002). Monitoring of Particulate Matter Outdoors. Chemosphere 49: 1009-1043.
64. Yongin City. (2010). http://en.yonginsi.net/cms.asp?code=E1010010.