메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 152, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 2377-2386

Ghrelin inhibits hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptotic cell death of oligodendrocytes via ERK and p38MAPK signaling

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

2 (2 AMINO 3 METHOXYPHENYL)CHROMONE; 4 (4 FLUOROPHENYL) 2 (4 METHYLSULFINYLPHENYL) 5 (4 PYRIDYL)IMIDAZOLE; CASPASE 3; CYTOCHROME C; GHRELIN; GHRELIN RECEPTOR; HYDROGEN PEROXIDE; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE P38; PROTEIN KINASE B; STRESS ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE;

EID: 79956324625     PISSN: 00137227     EISSN: 00137227     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1210/en.2011-0090     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (33)

References (53)
  • 1
    • 0033540056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach
    • Kojima M, Hosoda H, Date Y, Nakazato M, Matsuo H, Kangawa K 1999 Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach. Nature 402:656-660 (Pubitemid 129516334)
    • (1999) Nature , vol.402 , Issue.6762 , pp. 656-660
    • Kojima, M.1    Hosoda, H.2    Date, Y.3    Nakazato, M.4    Matsuo, H.5    Kangawa, K.6
  • 2
    • 0034687376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin induces adiposity in rodents
    • Tschöp M, Smiley DL, Heiman ML 2000 Ghrelin induces adiposity in rodents. Nature 407:908-913
    • (2000) Nature , vol.407 , pp. 908-913
    • Tschöp, M.1    Smiley, D.L.2    Heiman, M.L.3
  • 3
    • 0033679897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin, a novel growth hormone-releasing acylated peptide, is synthesized in a distinct endocrine cell type in the gastrointestinal tracts of rats and humans
    • Date Y, Kojima M, Hosoda H, Sawaguchi A, Mondal MS, Suganuma T, Matsukura S, Kangawa K, Nakazato M 2000 Ghrelin, a novel growth hormone-releasing acylated peptide, is synthesized in a distinct endocrine cell type in the gastrointestinal tracts of rats and humans. Endocrinology 141:4255-4261
    • (2000) Endocrinology , vol.141 , pp. 4255-4261
    • Date, Y.1    Kojima, M.2    Hosoda, H.3    Sawaguchi, A.4    Mondal, M.S.5    Suganuma, T.6    Matsukura, S.7    Kangawa, K.8    Nakazato, M.9
  • 5
    • 0035430665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin: An orexigenic and somatotrophic signal from the stomach
    • DOI 10.1038/35086018
    • Inui A 2001 Ghrelin: an orexigenic and somatotrophic signal from the stomach. Nat Rev Neurosci 2:551-560 (Pubitemid 33679828)
    • (2001) Nature Reviews Neuroscience , vol.2 , Issue.8 , pp. 551-560
    • Inui, A.1
  • 8
    • 20844460120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of ghrelin administration on left ventricular function, exercise capacity, and muscle wasting in patients with chronic heart failure
    • DOI 10.1161/01.CIR.0000149746.62908.BB
    • Nagaya N, Moriya J, Yasumura Y, Uematsu M, Ono F, Shimizu W, Ueno K, Kitakaze M, Miyatake K, Kangawa K 2004 Effects of ghrelin administration on left ventricular function, exercise capacity, and muscle wasting in patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation 110:3674-3679 (Pubitemid 39665256)
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.110 , Issue.24 , pp. 3674-3679
    • Nagaya, N.1    Moriya, J.2    Yasumura, Y.3    Uematsu, M.4    Ono, F.5    Shimizu, W.6    Ueno, K.7    Kitakaze, M.8    Miyatake, K.9    Kangawa, K.10
  • 9
    • 2942528459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biological, physiological, pathophysiological, and pharmacological aspects of ghrelin
    • DOI 10.1210/er.2002-0029
    • van der Lely AJ, Tschöp M, Heiman ML, Ghigo E 2004 Biological, physiological, pathophysiological, and pharmacological aspects of ghrelin. Endocr Rev 25:426-457 (Pubitemid 38780667)
    • (2004) Endocrine Reviews , vol.25 , Issue.3 , pp. 426-457
    • Van Der, L.A.J.1    Tschop, M.2    Heiman, M.L.3    Ghigo, E.4
  • 10
    • 15544385058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin: Structure and function
    • DOI 10.1152/physrev.00012.2004
    • Kojima M, Kangawa K 2005 Ghrelin: structure and function. Physiol Rev 85:495-522 (Pubitemid 40404635)
    • (2005) Physiological Reviews , vol.85 , Issue.2 , pp. 495-522
    • Kojima, M.1    Kangawa, K.2
  • 12
    • 23844447768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin stimulates proliferation and differentiation and inhibits apoptosis in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells
    • DOI 10.1016/j.bone.2005.04.020, PII S8756328205001808
    • Kim SW, Her SJ, Park SJ, Kim D, Park KS, Lee HK, Han BH, Kim MS, Shin CS, Kim SY 2005 Ghrelin stimulates proliferation and differentiation and inhibits apoptosis in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Bone 37:359-369 (Pubitemid 41160494)
    • (2005) Bone , vol.37 , Issue.3 , pp. 359-369
    • Kim, S.W.1    Her, S.J.2    Park, S.J.3    Kim, D.4    Park, K.S.5    Lee, H.K.6    Han, B.H.7    Kim, M.S.8    Shin, C.S.9    Kim, S.Y.10
  • 13
    • 33846435771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acylated and unacylated ghrelin promote proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells and human islets: Involvement of 3′,5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, and phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling
    • DOI 10.1210/en.2006-0266
    • Granata R, Settanni F, Biancone L, Trovato L, Nano R, Bertuzzi F, Destefanis S, Annunziata M, Martinetti M, Catapano F, Ghè C, Isgaard J, Papotti M, Ghigo E, Muccioli G 2007 Acylated and unacylated ghrelin promote proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells and human islets: involvement of 3′,5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, and phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling. Endocrinology 148:512-529 (Pubitemid 46143157)
    • (2007) Endocrinology , vol.148 , Issue.2 , pp. 512-529
    • Granata, R.1    Settanni, F.2    Biancone, L.3    Trovato, L.4    Nano, R.5    Bertuzzi, F.6    Destefanis, S.7    Annunziata, M.8    Martinetti, M.9    Catapano, F.10    Ghe, C.11    Isgaard, J.12    Papotti, M.13    Ghigo, E.14    Muccioli, G.15
  • 14
    • 33845910446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin inhibits apoptosis in hypothalamic neuronal cells during oxygen-glucose deprivation
    • DOI 10.1210/en.2006-0991
    • Chung H, Kim E, Lee DH, Seo S, Ju S, Lee D, Kim H, Park S 2007 Ghrelin inhibits apoptosis in hypothalamic neuronal cells during oxygen-glucose deprivation. Endocrinology 148:148-159 (Pubitemid 46021447)
    • (2007) Endocrinology , vol.148 , Issue.1 , pp. 148-159
    • Chung, H.1    Kim, E.2    Dae, H.L.3    Seo, S.4    Ju, S.5    Lee, D.6    Kim, H.7    Park, S.8
  • 15
    • 23744496026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Redox regulation of cytokine-mediated inhibition of myelin gene expression in human primary oligodendrocytes
    • DOI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2005.05.014, PII S0891584905002625
    • Jana M, Pahan K 2005 Redox regulation of cytokine-mediated inhibition of myelin gene expression in human primary oligodendrocytes. Free Radic Biol Med 39:823-831 (Pubitemid 41139895)
    • (2005) Free Radical Biology and Medicine , vol.39 , Issue.6 , pp. 823-831
    • Jana, M.1    Pahan, K.2
  • 16
    • 34447643571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minocycline alleviates death of oligodendrocytes by inhibiting pro-nerve growth factor production in microglia after spinal cord injury
    • DOI 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1661-07.2007
    • Yune TY, Lee JY, Jung GY, Kim SJ, Jiang MH, Kim YC, Oh YJ, Markelonis GJ, Oh TH 2007 Minocycline alleviates death of oligodendrocytes by inhibiting pro-nerve growth factor production in microglia after spinal cord injury. J Neurosci 27:7751-7761 (Pubitemid 47093808)
    • (2007) Journal of Neuroscience , vol.27 , Issue.29 , pp. 7751-7761
    • Yune, T.Y.1    Lee, J.Y.2    Jung, G.Y.3    Kim, S.J.4    Jiang, M.H.5    Kim, Y.C.6    Oh, Y.J.7    Markelonis, G.J.8    Oh, T.H.9
  • 17
    • 0032950964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demyelination: The role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species
    • Smith KJ, Kapoor R, Felts PA 1999 Demyelination: the role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Brain Pathol 9:69-92 (Pubitemid 29056521)
    • (1999) Brain Pathology , vol.9 , Issue.1 , pp. 69-92
    • Smith, K.J.1    Kapoor, R.2    Felts, P.A.3
  • 18
    • 0032054439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peroxide-scavenging deficit underlies oligodendrocyte susceptibility to oxidative stress
    • DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1136(199804)22:4<371::AID-GLIA6>3.0.CO;2-6
    • Juurlink BH, Thorburne SK, Hertz L 1998 Peroxide-scavenging deficit underlies oligodendrocyte susceptibility to oxidative stress. Glia 22:371-378 (Pubitemid 28129714)
    • (1998) GLIA , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 371-378
    • Juurlink, B.H.J.1    Thorburne, S.K.2    Hertz, L.3
  • 19
    • 77954898609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of apoptotic cell death by ghrelin improves functional recovery after spinal cord injury
    • Lee JY, Chung H, Yoo YS, Oh YJ, Oh TH, Park S, Yune TY 2010 Inhibition of apoptotic cell death by ghrelin improves functional recovery after spinal cord injury. Endocrinology 151:3815-3826
    • (2010) Endocrinology , vol.151 , pp. 3815-3826
    • Lee, J.Y.1    Chung, H.2    Yoo, Y.S.3    Oh, Y.J.4    Oh, T.H.5    Park, S.6    Yune, T.Y.7
  • 20
    • 70350625508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Both ischemic preconditioning and ghrelin administration protect hippocampus from ischemia/reperfusion and upregulate uncoupling protein-2
    • Liu Y, Chen L, Xu X, Vicaut E, Sercombe R 2009 Both ischemic preconditioning and ghrelin administration protect hippocampus from ischemia/reperfusion and upregulate uncoupling protein-2. BMC Physiol 9:17
    • (2009) BMC Physiol , vol.9 , pp. 17
    • Liu, Y.1    Chen, L.2    Xu, X.3    Vicaut, E.4    Sercombe, R.5
  • 21
    • 39649099593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose dependent effects of ghrelin on pentylenetetrazole-induced oxidative stress in a rat seizure model
    • Obay BD, Taşdemir E, Tümer C, Bilgin HM, Atmaca M 2008 Dose dependent effects of ghrelin on pentylenetetrazole-induced oxidative stress in a rat seizure model. Peptides 29:448-455
    • (2008) Peptides , vol.29 , pp. 448-455
    • Obay, B.D.1    Taşdemir, E.2    Tümer, C.3    Bilgin, H.M.4    Atmaca, M.5
  • 24
    • 58149156679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin inhibits interleukin-8 production induced by hydrogen peroxide in A549 cells via NF-κB pathway
    • Hou Y, An J, Hu XR, Sun BB, Lin J, Xu D, Wang T, Wen FQ 2009 Ghrelin inhibits interleukin-8 production induced by hydrogen peroxide in A549 cells via NF-κB pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 9:120-126
    • (2009) Int Immunopharmacol , vol.9 , pp. 120-126
    • Hou, Y.1    An, J.2    Hu, X.R.3    Sun, B.B.4    Lin, J.5    Xu, D.6    Wang, T.7    Wen, F.Q.8
  • 26
    • 0000326996 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competitive signaling between TrkA and p75 nerve growth factor receptors determines cell survival
    • Yoon SO, Casaccia-Bonnefil P, Carter B, Chao MV 1998 Competitive signaling between TrkA and p75 nerve growth factor receptors determines cell survival. J Neurosci 18:3273-3281 (Pubitemid 28186020)
    • (1998) Journal of Neuroscience , vol.18 , Issue.9 , pp. 3273-3281
    • Yoon, S.O.1    Casaccia-Bonnefil, P.2    Carter, B.3    Chao, M.V.4
  • 27
    • 0032727865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of AP-1 and nuclear factor-κB transcription factors is involved in hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptotic cell death of oligodendrocytes
    • Vollgraf U, Wegner M, Richter-Landsberg C 1999 Activation of AP-1 and nuclear factor-κB transcription factors is involved in hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptotic cell death of oligodendrocytes. J Neurochem 73:2501-2509
    • (1999) J Neurochem , vol.73 , pp. 2501-2509
    • Vollgraf, U.1    Wegner, M.2    Richter-Landsberg, C.3
  • 28
    • 7244242682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minocycline inhibits apoptotic cell death via attenuation of TNF-α expression following iNOS/NO induction by lipopolysaccharide in neuron/glia co-cultures
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02780.x
    • Lee SM, Yune TY, Kim SJ, Kim YC, Oh YJ, Markelonis GJ, Oh TH 2004 Minocycline inhibits apoptotic cell death via attenuation of TNF-α expression following iNOS/NO induction by lipopolysaccharide in neuron/glia co-cultures. J Neurochem 91:568-578 (Pubitemid 39431152)
    • (2004) Journal of Neurochemistry , vol.91 , Issue.3 , pp. 568-578
    • Lee, S.M.1    Yune, T.Y.2    Kim, S.J.3    Kim, Y.C.4    Oh, Y.J.5    Markelonis, G.J.6    Oh, T.H.7
  • 29
    • 9744246881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Manganese superoxide dismutase induced by TNF-β is regulated transcriptionally by NF-κB after spinal cord injury in rats
    • DOI 10.1089/0897715042664858
    • Yune TY, Lee SM, Kim SJ, Park HK, Oh YJ, Kim YC, Markelonis GJ, Oh TH 2004 Manganese superoxide dismutase induced by TNF-β is regulated transcriptionally by NF-κB after spinal cord injury in rats. J Neurotrauma 21:1778-1794 (Pubitemid 39587575)
    • (2004) Journal of Neurotrauma , vol.21 , Issue.12 , pp. 1778-1794
    • Yune, T.Y.1    Lee, S.M.2    Kim, S.J.3    Park, H.K.4    Oh, Y.J.5    Kim, Y.C.6    Markelonis, G.J.7    Oh, T.H.8
  • 30
    • 0035066639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biology of oligodendrocyte and myelin in the mammalian central nervous system
    • Baumann N, Pham-Dinh D 2001 Biology of oligodendrocyte and myelin in the mammalian central nervous system. Physiol Rev 81:871-927 (Pubitemid 32267079)
    • (2001) Physiological Reviews , vol.81 , Issue.2 , pp. 871-927
    • Baumann, N.1    Pham-Dinh, D.2
  • 31
    • 33947493269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trolox protection of myelin membrane in hydrogen peroxide-treated mature oligodendrocytes
    • DOI 10.1080/10715760601134442, PII 773542293
    • Perfeito R, Pereira J, Oliveira CR, Bettencourt-Relvas J, Rego AC 2007 Trolox protection of myelin membrane in hydrogen peroxide-treated mature oligodendrocytes. Free Radic Res 41:444-451 (Pubitemid 46470942)
    • (2007) Free Radical Research , vol.41 , Issue.4 , pp. 444-451
    • Perfeito, R.1    Pereira, J.2    Oliveira, C.3    Bettencourt-Relvas, J.4    Rego, A.C.5
  • 32
    • 0034068601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial control of cell death
    • DOI 10.1038/74994
    • Kroemer G, Reed JC 2000 Mitochondrial control of cell death. Nat Med 6:513-519 (Pubitemid 30305900)
    • (2000) Nature Medicine , vol.6 , Issue.5 , pp. 513-519
    • Kroemer, G.1    Reed, J.C.2
  • 35
    • 0035066383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mammalian mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction pathways activated by stress and inflammation
    • Kyriakis JM, Avruch J 2001 Mammalian mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction pathways activated by stress and inflammation. Physiol Rev 81:807-869 (Pubitemid 32267078)
    • (2001) Physiological Reviews , vol.81 , Issue.2 , pp. 807-869
    • Kyriakis, J.M.1    Avruch, J.2
  • 37
    • 4344594562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2-induced oligodendrocyte cell death: Role of glutathione, mitogen-activated protein kinases and caspase 3
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02488.x
    • Fragoso G, Martinez-Bermudez AK, Liu HN, Khorchid A, Chemtob S, Mushynski WE, Almazan G 2004 Developmental differences in H2O2-induced oligodendrocyte cell death: role of glutathione, mitogen-activated protein kinases and caspase 3. J Neurochem 90:392-404 (Pubitemid 38938225)
    • (2004) Journal of Neurochemistry , vol.90 , Issue.2 , pp. 392-404
    • Fragoso, G.1    Martinez-Bermudez, A.K.2    Liu, H.-N.3    Khorchid, A.4    Chemtob, S.5    Mushynski, W.E.6    Almazan, G.7
  • 38
    • 0029011218 scopus 로고
    • The MAPK signaling cascade
    • Seger R, Krebs EG 1995 The MAPK signaling cascade. FASEB J 9:726-735
    • (1995) FASEB J , vol.9 , pp. 726-735
    • Seger, R.1    Krebs, E.G.2
  • 40
    • 9744246880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of complement pathways after contusion-induced spinal cord injury
    • DOI 10.1089/neu.2004.21.1831
    • Anderson AJ, Robert S, Huang W, Young W, Cotman CW 2004 Activation of complement pathways after contusion-induced spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma 21:1831-1846 (Pubitemid 39587578)
    • (2004) Journal of Neurotrauma , vol.21 , Issue.12 , pp. 1831-1846
    • Anderson, A.J.1    Robert, S.2    Huang, W.3    Young, W.4    Cotman, C.W.5
  • 41
    • 2542456489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial pathway is involved in hydrogen-peroxide-induced apoptotic cell death of oligodendrocytes
    • DOI 10.1002/glia.20022
    • Mronga T, Stahnke T, Goldbaum O, Richter-Landsberg C 2004 Mitochondrial pathway is involved in hydrogen-peroxide-induced apoptotic cell death of oligodendrocytes. Glia 46:446-455 (Pubitemid 38679202)
    • (2004) GLIA , vol.46 , Issue.4 , pp. 446-455
    • Mronga, T.1    Stahnke, T.2    Goldbaum, O.3    Richter-Landsberg, C.4
  • 43
    • 0442293404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agonist-Specific Coupling of Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor Type 1a to Different Intracellular Signaling Systems: Role of Adenosine
    • DOI 10.1159/000076042
    • Carreira MC, Camiña JP, Smith RG, Casanueva FF 2004 Agonist-specific coupling of growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1a to different intracellular signaling systems. Role of adenosine. Neuroendocrinology 79:13-25 (Pubitemid 38186450)
    • (2004) Neuroendocrinology , vol.79 , Issue.1 , pp. 13-25
    • Carreira, M.C.1    Camina, J.P.2    Smith, R.G.3    Casanueva, F.F.4
  • 45
    • 0037382853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2+ signaling via protein kinase A and N-type channel-dependent mechanisms and cross-talk with leptin and orexin
    • DOI 10.2337/diabetes.52.4.948
    • Kohno D, Gao HZ, Muroya S, Kikuyama S, Yada T 2003 Ghrelin directly interacts with neuropeptide-Y-containing neurons in the rat arcuate nucleus: Ca2+ signaling via protein kinase A and N-type channel-dependent mechanisms and cross-talk with leptin and orexin. Diabetes 52:948-956 (Pubitemid 36384265)
    • (2003) Diabetes , vol.52 , Issue.4 , pp. 948-956
    • Kohno, D.1    Gao, H.-Z.2    Muroya, S.3    Kikuyama, S.4    Yada, T.5
  • 46
    • 33947513078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin reduces injury of hippocampal neurons in a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion
    • Liu Y, Wang PS, Xie D, Liu K, Chen L 2006 Ghrelin reduces injury of hippocampal neurons in a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. Chin J Physiol 49:244-250
    • (2006) Chin J Physiol , vol.49 , pp. 244-250
    • Liu, Y.1    Wang, P.S.2    Xie, D.3    Liu, K.4    Chen, L.5
  • 48
    • 61349154154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghrelin protects against cell death of hippocampal neurons in pilocarpine-induced seizures in rats
    • Xu J, Wang S, Lin Y, Cao L, Wang R, Chi Z 2009 Ghrelin protects against cell death of hippocampal neurons in pilocarpine-induced seizures in rats. Neurosci Lett 453:58-61
    • (2009) Neurosci Lett , vol.453 , pp. 58-61
    • Xu, J.1    Wang, S.2    Lin, Y.3    Cao, L.4    Wang, R.5    Chi, Z.6
  • 50
    • 53349175016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phosphatidylinositol-3- Kinase/Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3β and ERK1/2 pathways mediate protective effects of acylated and unacylated ghrelin against oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced apoptosis in primary rat cortical neuronal cells
    • Chung H, Seo S, Moon M, Park S 2008 Phosphatidylinositol-3- kinase/Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3β and ERK1/2 pathways mediate protective effects of acylated and unacylated ghrelin against oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced apoptosis in primary rat cortical neuronal cells. J Endocrinol 198:511-521
    • (2008) J Endocrinol , vol.198 , pp. 511-521
    • Chung, H.1    Seo, S.2    Moon, M.3    Park, S.4
  • 51
    • 70449527787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effect of ghrelin in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6- tetrahydropyridine mouse model of Parkinson's disease by blocking microglial activation
    • Moon M, Kim HG, Hwang L Seo JH, Kim S, Hwang S, Kim S, Lee D, Chung H, Oh MS, Lee KT, Park S 2009 Neuroprotective effect of ghrelin in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mouse model of Parkinson's disease by blocking microglial activation. Neurotox Res 15:332-347
    • (2009) Neurotox Res , vol.15 , pp. 332-347
    • Moon, M.1    Kim, H.G.2    Hwang, L.3    Seo, J.H.4    Kim, S.5    Hwang, S.6    Kim, S.7    Lee, D.8    Chung, H.9    Oh, M.S.10    Lee, K.T.11    Park, S.12


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.