Migration in far West Nepal intergenerational linkages between internal and international migration of rural-to-urban migrants

Critical Asian Studies

Volumn 43, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 23-47

  Poertner, Ephraim ^a   Junginger, Mathias ^a   Müller Böker, Ulrike ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

INTERNAL MIGRATION; INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION; LABOR MIGRATION; MIGRATION DETERMINANT; POPULATION MIGRATION; QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS; RURAL-URBAN MIGRATION; SOCIAL NETWORK; SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS;

ARTICLE; ECONOMICS; EDUCATION; EMPLOYMENT; ETHNOLOGY; FAMILY; FAMILY HEALTH; HISTORY; HUMAN RELATION; LEGAL ASPECT; MIGRATION; NEPAL; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; SOCIAL CHANGE; SOCIAL CLASS; SOCIAL SUPPORT; SOCIOECONOMICS;

EMIGRATION AND IMMIGRATION; EMPLOYMENT; FAMILY; FAMILY HEALTH; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HISTORY, 21ST CENTURY; INTERGENERATIONAL RELATIONS; NEPAL; RESIDENTIAL MOBILITY; SOCIAL CHANGE; SOCIAL MOBILITY; SOCIAL SUPPORT; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; TRANSIENTS AND MIGRANTS;

NEPAL;

EID: 79956297679     PISSN: 14672715     EISSN: 14726033     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/14672715.2011.537850     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. Adhikari, Jagannath, and Ganesh Gurung. 2009. Migration, security and livelihoods: A case of migration between Nepal and India. Kathmandu: NIDS, NCCR North-South.
2. Agergaard, Jytte. 1999 (Settlement). Settlement and changing land use in the Chitwan District of Nepal. Geografisk Tidsskrift, Danish Journal of Geography 1 (Special Issue): 11-19.
3. Agergaard, Jytte. 1999 (Household). The Household as a unit of analysis: Reflections from migration research in Nepal. Geografisk Tidsskrift, Danish Journal of Geography 99: 101-111.
4. Bhattarai-Ghimire, A., and B.R. Upreti. 2008. Conflict induced displacement: An emerging phenomenon of internal migration in Nepal. In K.N. Pyakuryal, B.R. Upreti, and S.R. Sharma, eds. Nepal: Transition to transformation. Kathmandu: HNRSC, NCCR North-South.
5. Bhattrai, Raju. 2007. Open borders, closed citizenships: Nepali labor migrants in Delhi. Panel paper presented at the "International Migration, Citizenship, Identities and Cultures" conference, Institute of Social Studies, The Netherlands 2007.
6. Bista, Dor Bahadur. 1994. 6th ed. Fatalism and development: Nepal's struggle for modernization. Hyderabad: Orient Longman.
7. Bohra, Pratikshya, and Douglas S. Massey. 2009. Processes of internal and international migration from Chitwan, Nepal. International Migration Review 43 (3): 621-651.
8. Bourdieu, Pierre. 1977. Outline of a theory of practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
9. Bourdieu, Pierre. 1991. Physischer, sozialer und angeeigneter physischer Raum. In M. Wentz, ed. Stadt-Räume. Die Zukunft des Städtischen. Frankfurt/Main, New York: Frankfurter Beiträge, Bd. 2.
10. Bourdieu, Pierre. 1998. Praktische Vernunft. Zur Theorie des Handelns. Frankfurt/Main: Suhrkamp.
11. Bourdieu, Pierre, and Loïc J.D. Wacquant. 1992. An invitation to reflexive sociology. Cambridge: Polity Press.
12. Brettell, Caroline B., and James F. Hollifield. 2007. Introduction: Migration Theory. In C.B. Brettell, ed., Migration theory: Talking across disciplines. London: Routledge.
13. Bruslé, Tristan. 2008. Choosing a destination and work. Mountain Research and Development 28 (3): 240-247.
14. Cameron, Mary M. 1998.Onthe edge of the auspicious: Gender and caste in Nepal. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press.
15. Conway, Dennis. 2005. Transnationalism and return: "Home" as an enduring fixture and "anchor." In R.B. Potter, D. Conway, and J. Philips, eds. The experience of return migration: Caribbean perspectives. Aldershot: Ashgate.
16. Dahal, Dilli Ram, Navin Kumar Rai, and Andrew E. Manzardo. 1977. Land and migration in Far-Western Nepal. Kathmandu: Institute of Nepal and Asian Studies, Tribhuvan University.
17. De Haan, Arjan, and Ben Rogaly. 2002. Introduction: Migrant workers and their role in rural change. Journal of Development Studies 38 (5): 1-14.
18. de Haan, Leo, and Annelies Zoomers. 2005. Exploring the frontier of livelihoods research. Development and Change 36 (1): 27-47.
19. Dhangadhi Municipality. 2008. Poverty profile of Dhangadhi municipality 2008.
20. Dörfler, T., O. Graefe, and D. Müller-Mahn. 2003. Habitus und Feld. Anregungen für eine Neuorientierung der geographischen Entwicklungsforschung auf der Grundlage von Bourdieu's "Theorie der Praxis." Geographica Helvetica 58 (1): 11-23.
21. Ghimire, Anita, Bishnu Raj Upreti, and Subash Pokharel. 2010. "Livelihood strategies of internally displaced people in Western Nepal: Some observations. In B.R. Upreti and U. Müller-Böker, eds. Livelihood insecurity and social conflict in Nepal. Kathmandu: South Asia Regional Coordination Office, Swiss National Centre for Competence in Research (NCCR) North-South.
22. Grandin, B.E. 1988. Wealth ranking in smallholder communities: A field manual. Rugby, UK: Intermediate Technology Publications.
23. Graner, Elvira. 2001. Labor markets and migration in Nepal: The case of workers in Kathmandu Valley carpet manufactories. Mountain Research and Development 21 (3): 253-259.
24. Hay, Robert. 1998. Sense of place in developmental context. Journal of Environmental Psychology 18 (1): 5-29.
25. Herzig, Pascale, and Susan Thieme. 2007. How geography matters: Neglected dimensions in contemporary migration research. Asiatische Studien/Etudes asiatiques 61 (4): 1077-1112.
26. HMG. 1998. Dhangadhi. Nepal 1:25'000, Sheet No. 2880 07A. Ed. Survey Department. Kathmandu: His Majesty's Government of Nepal (HMG).
27. Kansakar, Vidya Bir Singh. 2003. International migration and citizenship in Nepal. In CBS (Central Bureau of Statistics), ed. Population monograph Nepal. Kathmandu: CBS.
28. Kaspar, Heidi. 2004. Impacts of international labour migration on gender relations: A case study of Kalabang, Nepal. Master's thesis, University of Zurich.
29. KC, Bal Kumar. 2003. Internal migration in Nepal. In CBS (Central Bureau of Statistics), ed. Population monograph Nepal. Kathmandu: CBS.
30. Kollmair, M., S. Manandhar, B. Subedi, and S. Thieme. 2006. New figures for old stories: Migration and remittances in Nepal. Migration Letters 3 (2): 151-160.
31. Luitel, Seema. 2006. Migrants marginalization and uses of social capital from a gender perspective: A case study from Tinthana VDC, Kathmandu, Nepal. Master's thesis, School of Environment, Resources and Development, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Bangkok.
32. Massey, Douglas S., et al. 1994. An evaluation of international migration theory: The North American case. Population and Development Review 20 (4): 699-751.
33. Müller-Böker, Ulrike. 1997. Tharus and Pahariyas in Chitawan: Observations on the multi-ethnic constellation in Southern Nepal. In I. Stellrecht and M. Winiger, eds. Perspectives on history and change in the Karakorum, Hindukush, and Himalaya. Köln: Köppe.
34. Müller-Böker, Ulrike. 1999. The Chitawan Tharus in southern Nepal: An ethnoecological approach. Stuttgart: Steiner.
35. Müller-Böker, Ulrike. 2000. State intervention in Chitwan: On the historical development of a region in Southern Nepal. Studies in Nepali History and Society 5 (2): 173-200.
36. Müller-Böker, Ulrike. 2001. Pahariya-migration to the Tharu's settlement area of the Inner Terai (Chitawan). In Susan v.d. Heide, and T. Hoffman, eds. Aspects of migration and mobility in Nepal. Kathmandu: Ratna Pustak Bhandar.
37. Müller-Böker, Ulrike. 2003. Livelihood strategies in the buffer zone of the Khaptad National Park (FarWest Nepal). In M. Domroes, ed. Translating development: The case of Nepal. Delhi: Social Science Press.
38. Müller-Böker, Ulrike, and Susan Thieme. 2007. Livelihood strategies in a marginal area of Nepal (Far West Nepal), with an emphasis on labour migration to India. In G. Jones, ed. Issues in geographical marginality: Papers presented during the meetings of the Commission on Evolving Issues of Geographical Marginality in the early twenty-first century world. Grahamstown.
39. Pfaff-Czarnecka, Joanna. 1989. Macht und rituelle Reinheit: Hinduistisches Kastenwesen und ethnische Beziehungen im Entwicklungsprozess Nepals. Grüsch: Rüegger.
40. Pfaff-Czarnecka, Joanna. 1996. Die Wächter der Metropole. Nepalische Migranten in Bangalore, Südindien. Mosquito 4: 14-15.
41. Pfaff-Czarnecka, Joanna. 2001. Vom Untertan zum Bürger? Eine Ethnopolitologie der Entwicklung in Nepal-Himalaya. Zürich: Habilitationsschrift.
42. Schwingel, Markus. 1995. Bourdieu zur Einführung. Hamburg: Junius-Verlag.
43. Seddon, David, Jagannath Adhikari, and Ganesh Gurung. 2002. Foreign labor migration and the remittance economy of Nepal. Critical Asian Studies 34 (1): 19-40.
44. Shahi, Meen Bahadur. 2005. International labour migration from Bajhang to India: A case study of Lamatola VDC, Bajhang District, Nepal. Master's thesis, Central Department of Geography, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu.
45. Sharma, Jeevan R. 2007. Labour migration, pathology and livelihoods: The case of migration from Nepal to India. Panel paper presented at "The migration-development nexus, international migration, multi-local livelihoods and human security: Perspectives from Europe, Asia and Africa." Institute of Social Studies, The Netherlands.
46. Sharma, Pitamber. 2003. Urbanization and development. In CBS (Central Bureau of Statistics), ed. Population monograph Nepal. Kathmandu: CBS.
47. Shrestha, Bijaya. 2008. Contribution of foreign employment and remittances to Nepalese economy. In T. Pangeni et al., eds. Economic review. Kathmandu: Nepal Rastra Bank in Kathmandu. Available online at http://red.nrb.org.np/publica.php?tp=economic_review&&vw=15.
48. Shrestha, Nanda R. 1989. Frontier settlement and landlessness among hill migrants in Nepal Tarai. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 79 (3): 370-389.
49. Shrestha, Nanda R. 1990. Landlessnesss and migration in Nepal. Boulder, Colo., San Francisco, London: Westview Press.
50. Shrestha, Nanda, and Dennis Conway. 1985. Issues in population pressure, land resettlement, and development: The case of Nepal. Studies in Comparative International Development (SCID) 20 (1): 55-82.
51. Skeldon, Ronald. 2006. Interlinkages between internal and international migration and development in the Asian region. Population, Space and Place 12 (1): 15-30.
52. Subedi, Bhim Prasad. 1991. International migration in Nepal. Towards an analytical framework. Contributions to Nepalese Studies 18 (1): 83-102.
53. Subedi, Bhim Prasad. 1993. Continuity and change in population movement: From inside a rural Nepali Community. Ann Arbor, Mich.: University Microfilms.
54. Tamang, Ritendra. 2009. Internally displaced persons in Nepal: Neglected and vulnerable. Asian Social Science 5 (6): 3-11.
55. Thapa, Poonam. 1989. Socioeconomic change and rural migration in Nepal. Individual and household relations. Ann Arbor, Mich.: University Microfilms.
56. Thieme, Susan. 2006. Social networks and migration: FarWest Nepalese labour migrants in Delhi. Münster: LIT.
57. Thieme, Susan. 2008. Sustaining livelihoods in multi-local settings: Possible theoretical linkages between transnational migration and livelihood studies. Mobilities 3 (1): 51-71.
58. Thieme, Susan, et al. 2005. Addressing the needs of Nepalese migrant workers in Nepal and in Delhi, India. Mountain Research and Development 25 (2): 109-114.
59. Thieme, Susan, Ulrike Müller-Böker, and Norman Backhaus. Forthcoming. Glimpses of women's livelihoods in a transnational social space: Labour migration from FarWest Nepal to Delhi, India. Department of Geography, University of Zurich.
60. Thrift, Nigel. 1996. Spatial formations. London: Sage.
61. Timalsina, Krishna Prasad. 2007. Rural urban migration and livelihood in the informal sector: A study of street vendors of Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Nepal. Master's thesis, Department of Geography, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim.
62. Upreti, B.C. 2002. The marginal migrants: A study of Nepali emigrants in India. Delhi: Kalinga Publications.
63. Vertovec, Steven. 1999. Conceiving and researching transnationalism. Ethnic and Racial Studies 22: 447-462.
64. Viterbi, Andrew J. 1995. CDMA: Principles of spread spectrum communication. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall PTR.
65. Wyss, Simone. 2003. Organisation and finance of international labour migration: A case study of Sainik Basti, Western Nepal. Zurich: Master's thesis, University of Zurich.