"A defeat not to be ultra-fit": Expectations and experiences related to pregnancy and employment in contemporary Norway

NORA - Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research

Volumn 18, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 167-184

  Fredriksen, Eva Haukeland ^a,b   Harris, Janet ^a,c   Moland, Karen Marie ^a   Sundby, Johanne ^b  

^a BERGEN UNIVERSITY COLLEGE   (Norway)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

^c UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 79956169082     PISSN: 08038740     EISSN: 1502394X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/08038740.2010.498766     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Andreassen, Hege K.; Wangberg, Silje C.; Wynn, Rolf; Sørensen, Tove & Hjortdal, Per (2006) Helserelatert bruk av internett i den norske befolkningen [Health-related internet use in the Norwegian population], Tidsskrift for Den Norske Legeforening, 22(126), pp. 2950-2952.
2. Arbeidstilsynet (2006) Veiledning om arbeidstakere som er gravide, nylig har født eller ammer-fulltekst [Information on Pregnant, Postpartum or Breastfeeding Employees-Full Text]. Available at: http://www.arbeidstilsynet.no/c28864/artikkel/vis.html?tid=28939 (accessed 5 May 2009).
3. Åsberg, Cecilia (2009) The arena of the body: The cyborg and feminist views on biology, in: Rosemarie Buikema (Ed.) Doing Gender, Media, Art and Culture (London: Routledge).
4. BarniMagen.com (2005a) Bekkenløsning-debatten [The PGP-Discussion] (Oslo: Baby Media AS). On-going discussions available at: http://www.BarniMagen.com/forum/messagelist/100 (accessed May 2006; on file with author).
5. BarniMagen.com (2005b) Gravid og jobben [Pregnant and the Job] (Oslo: Baby Media AS). On-going discussion available at: http://www.BarniMagen.com/forum/messagelist/4599 (accessed May 2006; on file with author).
6. Bergens Tidende (2005) Nyhetsreporter fra TV 2 påjobb med stor mage [Reporter from TV 2 atWork with Pregnant Womb] (27 June).
7. Bryant, Antony (2002) Re-grounding grounded theory, Journal of Information Technology Theory and Application, 4(1), pp. 25-42.
8. Carlson, Laura (2001) Peculiar restraints on women's employment in Sweden, NORA-Nordic Journal of Feminist and gender Research, 1(9), pp. 21-36.
9. Charmaz, Kathy (2005) Grounded theory in the 21st century, in: Norman K. Denzin & Yvonna S. Lincoln (Eds) The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research, 3rd ed., pp. 507-535 (Thousand Oaks: Sage publications).
10. Charmaz, Kathy (2006) Constructing Grounded Theory; A Practical Guide through Qualitative Analysis (Los Angeles: Sage Publications).
11. Clarke, Adele E. (2005) Situational Analysis. Grounded Theory after the Postmodern Turn (Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications).
12. Council Directive 92/85/EEC (1992). Available at: http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/employment_and_social_policy/health_hygiene_safety_at_work/c10914_en.htm#KEY (accessed 15 February 2010).
13. Cunningham-Burley, Sarah; Backett-Milburn, Kathryn & Kemmer, Debbie (2006) Constructing health and sickness in the context of motherhood and paid work, Sociology of Health and Illness, 28, pp. 385-409.
14. Dahl, Tove Stang (1991) Likestilling og fødselsrett [Gender equality and birth rights], in: Runa Haukå (Ed.) Nye kvinner, nye menn [New Women, New Men], pp. 15-40 (Oslo: Ad Notam).
15. Egeland, Cathrine; Enehaug, Heidi; Halrynjo, Sigtona; Lyng, Selma T. & Svare, Helge (2008) Erfaringer med og konsekvenser av graviditet og uttak av foreldrepermisjon i norsk arbeidsliv [Experiences with and Consequenses of Pregnancy and Paternity Leave in Norwegian Work-Life] (Oslo: AFI-rapport 2/2008, Arbeidsforskningsinstituttet).
16. Ellingsæter, Anne Lise (1999) Women's right to work; the interplay of state, market and women's agency, NORA-Nordic Journal of Feminist and gender Research, 7(2), pp. 109-123.
17. Ellingsæter, Anne Lise & Rønsen, Marit (1996) The dual strategy: Motherhood and the work contract in Scandinavia, European Journal of Population, 12, pp. 239-260.
18. Equal Opportunities Commission (2008) Pregnancy Discrimination: EOC Investigation. Available at: http://83.137.212.42/sitearchive/eoc/Default81b.html?page=14996&theme=print (accessed 16 May 2008).
19. Finne, Per & Bratlid, Dag (Eds) (2006) Graviditet, fødsel og den nye familien [Pregnancy and the New Family] (Tønsberg: SCA Hygiene Products AS).
20. Forskningsetiske retningslinjer for internettforskning (2006) (Oslo: De nasjonale forskningsetiske komiteer). Available at: http://www.etikkom.no/retningslinjer/internett (accessed 10 January 2006).
21. Fredriksen, Eva. H.; Moland, Karen M. & Sundby, Johanne (2008) "Listen to your body". A qualitative text analysis of internet discussions related to pelvic girdle pain in pregnancy, Patient Education and Counseling, 73, pp. 298-304.
22. Fædrelandsvennen (2005a) Gravid og klar for svømme-NM [Pregnant and ready for National Swimming Championship] (3 March).
23. Fædrelandsvennen (2005b) Trener mens magen vokser [Exercises while the womb is growing] (5 August).
24. Johannisson, Karin (1996) Det mørke kontinentet [The Dark Continent] (Oslo: Aventura Forlag).
25. Kitterød, Ragni H. & Kjeldstad, Randi (2002) Endringer i mødres og fedres arbeidstid på1990-tallet [Changes in Mothers' and Fathers' Working Time in the 1990s] (Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå).
26. Kristensen, Petter; Nordhagen, Rannveig; Wergeland, Ebba & Bjerkedal, Tor (2007) Job adjustment and absence from work in mid-pregnancy in the Norwegian mother and child cohort study (MoBa), Occupational Environment and Medicine. Available at: http://oem.bmj.com/cgi/content/abstract/oem.2007.035626v1 (accessed 8 January 2008).
27. Lister, Ruth (2003) Citizenship: Feminist Perspectives, 2nd ed. (Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire and New York: Palgrave Macmillan).
28. Lister, Ruth (2006) Gender, citizenship and social justice in the Nordic welfare states: A view from the outside, NIKK magasin, 3, pp. 28-33 (Nordic Institute for Women's Studies and Gender Research).
29. Lupton, Deborah (2006) Medicine as Culture, 2nd ed. (London: Sage Publications).
30. Meer, Shamim & Sever, Charlie (2004) Gender and Citizenship. Overview Report (UK: Institute of Development Studies). Available at: http://www.bridge.ids.ac.uk/reports/Citizenship-report.pdf (accessed 5 May 2009).
31. Moland, Monica (2006) Svangerskapsboken til mor [The Pregnancy Book; To The Mother] (Stavanger: Sandvik AS).
32. Muel-Dreyfus, Francine (2001) Vichy and the Eternal Feminine (Durham & London: Duke University Press).
33. Myers, Sheila T. & Grasmick, Harold G. (1990) The social rights and responsibilities of pregnant women: An application of Parson's sick role model, The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 26, pp. 157-172.
34. Myklebø, Sigrid (2007) Sykefravær og svangerskap [Sick-leave and pregnancy], Arbeid og velferd, 3, pp. 21-27.
35. NOU:13 (1999) Kvinners helse i Norge [Women's Health in Norway] (Oslo: NOU. Norges offentlige utredninger).
36. NTB (2004) Færre syke enn tallene viser [Fewer sick persons than reported by statistics] (20 October).
37. NTB (2007) Overlege mener gravid ikke tar vare påseg selv [Medical professor claims that pregnant women do not care for themselves] (26 November).
38. Retningslinjer for svangerskapsomsorgen [Guidelines for pregnancy care] (2005) Nasjonale faglige retningslinjer (Oslo: Sosial- og helsedirektoratet).
39. Robinson, Hilde S.; Eskild, Anne; Heiberg, Eli & Eberhard-Gran, Malin (2006) Pelvic girdle pain in pregnancy; the impact on function, Acta Obstetrica et Gynecologica Scandinavia, 85, pp. 160-164.
40. Shilling, Chris (2003) The Body and Social Theory, 2nd ed. (London: Sage Publications).
41. Skylv, Grethe (1988) Bækkenløsning-sygdom eller afvigelse? [PGP-sickness or deviance?] Stofskifte, 18, pp. 111-135.
42. Stami (2006) Tilrettelegging av arbeidsmiljø for gravide, No 4 [Job Adjustments for Pregnant Employees]. Available at: http://www.stami.no/?nid=1000lcid=2068 (accessed 6 May 2009).
43. Stavanger Aftenblad (2007) Olfrid slapp sykemelding under hele sitt andre svangerskap [Olfrid was not sick-listed at all in her second pregnancy] (23 April).
44. Strand, Kitty (2002) Gravid i arbeid-integrering eller fravær? [Pregnant and working-integration or absence?], in: Anne Lise Ellingsæter & Jorun Solheim (Eds) Den usynlige hånd? Kjønnsmakt og moderne arbeidsliv [The Invisible Hand? Gendered Power and Modern Working Life], pp. 217-232 (Oslo: Gyldendal Akademisk).
45. Sundal, Alfred (1954) Mor og barn [Mother and Child] (Oslo: Fabritius & Sønners Forlag).
46. Sydsjø, Adam; Sydsjø, Gunilla & Wijma, Barbro (1998) Increase in sick leave rates caused by back pain among pregnant Swedish women after amelioration of social benefits, Spine, 23(18), pp. 1986-1990.
47. Tophøj, Agnete & Sabro, Svend (1999) Orlovsvarighed og fraværsmeldinger i graviditeten [Maternity leave and sick-leaves in pregnancy], Ugeskrift Læger, 36, pp. 5014-5019.
48. Wergeland, Ebba; Strand, Kitty & Endresen, Eli H. (1991) Gravid i Norge ved inngangen til nittiårene; graviditet og arbeid [Pregnant in Norway in the Transition to the 1990s: Pregnancy and Work] (University of Oslo: Instituttgruppe for samfunnsmedisin, Institutt for forebyggende medisin).