Mainstream media and the social determinants of health in Canada: Is it time to call it a day?

Health Promotion International

Volumn 26, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 220-229

  Raphael, Dennis ^a  

^a YORK UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

determinants of health; media; public health advocacy

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CANADA; HEALTH BEHAVIOR; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HUMAN; MASS MEDIUM; POLICY; POLITICS; PUBLIC HEALTH;

CANADA; HEALTH BEHAVIOR; HEALTH POLICY; HUMANS; MASS MEDIA; POLITICS; PUBLIC HEALTH; PUBLIC POLICY;

EID: 79956142483     PISSN: 09574824     EISSN: 14602245     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/heapro/dar008     Document Type: Article

References (86)

1. Abroms, L. C. and Malbach, E. W. (2008) The effectiveness of mass communication to change public behavior. Annual Review of Public Health, 29, 219-234. (Pubitemid 351600406)
2. Adelman, L. (2008) Unnatural Causes: Is Inequality Making Us Sick? California Newsreel, San Francisco.
3. Bartley, M. (1995) Medicine and the media: deprived of health. BMJ, 310, 539.
4. Baum, F. (2007) Cracking the nut of health equity: top down and bottom up pressure for action on the social determinants of health. Promotion and Education, 14, 90-95.
5. Brady, D. (2010) Rich Democracies, Poor People: How Politics Explain Poverty. Oxford University Press, New York.
6. Bryant, T., Raphael, D., Schrecker, T. and Labonte, R. (2010) Canada: a land of missed opportunity for addressing the social determinants of health. Health Policy. doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2010.08.022.
7. Butler-Jones, D. (2008) Report on the State of Public Health in Canada 2008. Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa.
8. Canadian Newswire. (2010) CBC's National Multi-Platform Health Initiative 'Live Right Now' Kicks Off Today!. Retrieved 15 January 2011, from http://www.newswire.ca/en/releases/archive/January2011/03/c8245.html.
9. Canadian Population Health Initiative. (2002) Canadian Population Health Initiative Brief to the Commission on the Future of Health Care in Canada. Retrieved 20 February 2004, from http://secure.cihi.ca/cihiweb/en/downloads/ cphi-policy-romanowbrief-e.pdf.
10. Canadian Population Health Initiative. (2004a) Improving the Health of Canadians. CPHI, Ottawa.
11. Canadian Population Health Initiative. (2004b) Select Highlights on Public Views of the Determinants of Health. CPHI, Ottawa.
12. Canadian Population Health Initiative. (2008) Reducing Gaps in Health: A Focus on Socio-Economic Status in Urban Canada. Canadian Population Health Initiative, Ottawa.
13. Canadian Public Health Association. (2009) CPHA Policy Statements. Canadian Public Health Association, Ottawa.
14. Canadian Senate. (2006) Final Report on the Canadian News Media. Retrieved 1 November 2010, from http://www.parl.gc.ca/39/1/parlbus/commbus/ senate/Com-e/TRAN-E/rep-e/repfinjun06vol1-e.htm.
15. Coburn, D. (2010) Health and health care: a political economy perspective. In Bryant, T., Raphael, D. and Rioux, M. (eds), Staying Alive: Critical Perspectives on Health, Illness, and Health Care, 2nd edition. Canadian Scholars' Press, Toronto, pp. 65-92.
16. Collins, P. and Hayes, M. (2007) Twenty years since Ottawa and Epp: researchers' reflections on challenges, gains, and future prospects for reducing health inequities in Canada. Health Promotion International, 22, 337-345. (Pubitemid 350173511)
17. Commers, M. J., Visser, G. and De Leeuw, E. (2000) Representations of preconditions for and determinants of health in the Dutch press. Health Promotion International, 15, 321-332.
18. Emory, L. (2010) Prof knows why we get sick and wants us to act on it. Metronews.ca (11 May).
19. Engels, F. (1845/1987) The Condition of the Working Class in England. Penguin Classics, New York.
20. Epp, J. (1986) Achieving Health for All: A Framework for Health Promotion. Health and Welfare Canada, Ottawa, Canada
21. Eyles, J., Brimacombe, M., Chaulk, P., Stoddart, G., Pranger, T. and Moase, O. (2001) What determines health? To where should we shift resources? Attitudes towards the determinants of health among multiple stakeholder groups in Prince Edward Island, Canada. Social Science and Medicine, 53, 1611-1619. (Pubitemid 33016284)
22. Fernandez, L., MacKinnon, S. and Silver, J. (eds) (2010) The Social Determinants of Health in Manitoba. Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, Winnipeg.
23. Freeman, D. (2010) Lies, Damned Lies, and Medical Science. Retrieved 1 November 2010, from http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2010/11/lies- damned-lies-and-medical-science/8269/.
24. Gasher, M., Hayes, M., Ross, I., Hackett, R., Gutstein, D. and Dunn, J. (2007) Spreading the news: social determinants of health reportage in Canadian daily newspapers. Canadian Journal of Communication, 32, 557-574.
25. Gollust, S., Lantz, P. M. and Ubel, P. A. (2009) The polarizing effect of news media messages about the social determinants of health. American Journal of Public Health, 99, 2160-2167.
26. Grabb, E. (2007) Theories of Social Inequality, 5th edition. Harcourt Canada, Toronto.
27. Grier, S. and Bryant, C. A. (2004) Social marketing in public health. Annual Review of Public Health, 26, 319-339. (Pubitemid 40547387)
28. Hackett, R. A. and Gruneau, R. (2000) The Missing News: Filters and Blind Spots in Canada's Press. Garamond Press, Toronto.
29. Hayes, M. (2002) Media Suffering from 'Tunnel Vision,' says Health Researchers. Retrieved 10 January 2011 from http://www.sfu.ca/mediapr/sfu-news/ sfunews032102-02.html.
30. Hayes, M., Ross, I., Gasherc, M., Gutstein, D., Dunn, J. and Hackett, R. (2007) Telling stories: news media, health literacy and public policy in Canada. Social Science and Medicine, 54, 445-457.
31. Health Canada. (2001) The Population Health Template: Key Elements and Actions that Define a Population Health Approach. Retrieved 11 January 2011 from http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/ph-sp/pdf/discussion-eng.pdf.
32. Health Council of Canada. (2010) Stepping It Up: Moving the Focus from Health Care in Canada to a Healthier Canada. Health Council of Canada, Toronto.
33. Herman, E. S. and Chomsky, N. (2002) Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media. Pantheon Books, New York.
34. Hofrichter, R. (2003) The politics of health inequities: contested terrain. Health and Social Justice: A Reader on Ideology, and Inequity in the Distribution of Disease. Jossey Bass, San Francisco, pp. 1-56.
35. Interior Health Region. (2006) Beyond Health Services and Lifestyle: A Social Determinants Approach to Health. Interior Health Region, Kelowna, BC.
36. Lalonde, M. (1974) A New Perspective on the Health of Canadians: A Working Document. Retrieved 11 January 2011 from http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hcs-sss/ com/fed/lalonde-eng.php.
37. Langille, D. (Executive Producer) (2010) Poor No More. Deveaux Babin Productions, Canada.
38. Legowski, B. and McKay, L. (2000) Health beyond Health Care: Twenty-five Years of Federal Health Policy Development (CPRN Discussion Paper No. H|04). Canadian Policy Research Networks, Ottawa, Canada.
39. Leys, C. (2001) Market-Driven Politics. Verso, London, UK.
40. Macarov, D. (2003) What the Market Does to People: Privatization, Globalization, and Poverty. Clarity Press, Atlanta, GA
41. Marmot, M. and Wilkinson, R. (2006) Social Determinants of Health, 2nd edition. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
42. Maslow, A. (1968) Towards a Psychology of Being. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
43. McBride, S. and Shields, J. (1997) Dismantling a Nation: The Transition to Corporate Rule in Canada. Fernwood Publishing, Halifax, Canada.
44. Mikkonen, J. and Raphael, D. (2010) Social Determinants of Health: The Canadian Facts. Retrieved 11 January 2011 from http:/thecanadianfacts.org.
45. Nerenberg, V. (Writer) (2010) New Report Says Canada Falling Behind, The Link. Radio Canada International, Canada, June 11.
46. Nettleton, S. (1997) Surveillance, health promotion and the formation of a risk identity. In Sidell, M., Jones, L., Katz, J. and Peberdy, A. (eds), Debates and Dilemmas in Promoting Health. Open University Press, London, UK, pp. 314-324.
47. O'Neill, M., Pederson, A., Dupere, S. and Rootman, I. (eds) (2007) Health Promotion in Canada: Critical Perspectives, 2nd edition. Canadian Scholars' Press Incorporated, Toronto.
48. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2008) Growing Unequal: Income Distribution and Poverty in OECD Nations. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Paris.
49. Paisley, J., Midgett, C., Brunetti, G. and Tomasik, H. (2001) Heart health Hamilton-Wentworth survey: programming implications. Canadian Journal of Public Policy, 92, 443-447. (Pubitemid 34183156)
50. Peterborough County-City Health Unit. (2008) Poverty and Health: Take Action for a Healthier Community, from http://pcchu.peterborough.on.ca/SDOH- Campaign.html.
51. Randolph, W. and Viswanath, K. (2004) Lessons learned from public health mass media campaigns: marketing health in a crowded media world. Annual Review of Public Health, 25, 419-437. (Pubitemid 38543625)
52. Raphael, D. (2003) Addressing the social determinants of health in Canada: bridging the gap between research findings and public policy. Policy Options, 24, 35-40.
53. Raphael, D. (2008a) Getting serious about health: new directions for Canadian public health researchers and workers. Promotion and Education, 15, 15-20.
54. Raphael, D. (2008b) Grasping at straws: a recent history of health promotion in Canada. Critical Public Health, 18, 483-495.
55. Raphael, D. (ed) (2009) Social Determinants of Health: Canadian Perspectives, 2nd edition. Canadian Scholars' Press Incorporated, Toronto.
56. Raphael, D. (2010) The health of Canada's children. Part I. Canadian children's health in comparative perspective. Paediatrics and Child Health, 15, 23-29.
57. Raphael, D. and Bryant, T. (2006) Maintaining population health in a period of welfare state decline: political economy as the missing dimension in health promotion theory and practice. Promotion and Education, 13, 12-18.
58. Raphael, D. and Farrell, E. S. (2002) Beyond medicine and lifestyle: addressing the societal determinants of cardiovascular disease in North America. Leadership in Health Services, 15, 1-5.
59. Raphael, D., Phillips, S., Renwick, R. and Sehdev, H. (2000) Government policies as a threat to public health: findings from two community quality of life studies in Toronto. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 91, 181-187.
60. Raphael, D., Brown, I., Bryant, T., Wheeler, J., Herman, R., Houston, J. et al. (2001a) How government policy decisions affect seniors' quality of life: findings from a participatory policy study carried out in Toronto, Canada. Canadian Journal of Public Health, 92, 190-195. (Pubitemid 32821456)
61. Raphael, D., Renwick, R., Brown, I., Phillips, S., Sehdev, H. and Steinmetz, B. (2001b) Community quality of life in low income urban neighbourhoods: findings from two contrasting communities in Toronto, Canada. Journal of the Community Development Society, 32, 310-333.
62. Raphael, D., Anstice, S. and Raine, K. (2003) The social determinants of the incidence and management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus: are we prepared to rethink our questions and redirect our research activities? Leadership in Health Services, 16, 10-20.
63. Raphael, D., Curry-Stevens, A. and Bryant, T. (2008) Barriers to addressing the social determinants of health: Insights from the Canadian experience. Health Policy, 88, 222-235.
64. Ravnskov, U. (2003) The retreat of the diet-heart hypothesis. Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons, 8, 94-95.
65. Regina Qu'Appelle Health Region. (2008) From Concept to Action: A Social Determinants of Health Work Plan. Regina Qu'Appelle Health Region, Regina.
66. Restrepo, H. E. (1996) Introduction. In Pan American Health Organization (ed), Health Promotion: An Anthology. Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, pp. ix-xi.
67. Saint-Arnaud, S. and Bernard, P. (2003) Convergence or resilience? A hierarchial cluster analysis of the welfare regimes in advanced countries. Current Sociology, 51, 499-527.
68. Scarth, T. (ed) (2004) Hell and High Water: An Assessment of Paul Martin's Record and Implications for the Future. Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, Ottawa.
69. Seedhouse, D. (2003) Health: The Foundations of Achievement. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
70. Senate Subcommittee on Population Health. (2009) A Healthy Productive Canada: A Determinant of Health Approach. Senate of Canada, Ottawa.
71. Socialist Project. (2009) Media Capitalism, the State and 21st Century Media Democracy Struggles: An Interview with Robert McChesney. Retrieved 10 January 2011 from http://www.socialistproject.ca/bullet/246.php.
72. Sudbury and District Health Unit. (2006) A Framework to Integrate Social and Economic Determinants of Health into the Ontario Public Health Mandate: A Discussion Paper. Sudbury and District Health Unit, Sudbury, ON.
73. Taubes, G. (2001) The soft science of dietary fat. Science, 291, 2536-2545.
74. Taubes, G. (2002) Skeptics wonder if low-fat advocates unwittingly started obesity epidemic. The Toronto Star (12 July).
75. Taubes, G. (2008) Good Calories, Bad Calories: Fats, Carbs, and the Controversial Science of Diet and Health. Anchor Press, New York.
76. Traber, C. (2010) Canada failing its most vulnerable, researchers find. Aurora Banner (8 May).
77. University of Manitoba. (2010) Improved Access for Media to Health Policy Research Findings. Retrieved 1 November 2010, from http://myuminfo.umanitoba. ca/index.asp?sec=2&too=100&eve=8&dat=3/4/2010&npa=21839.
78. Virchow, R. (1848/1985) Report on the typhus epidemic in upper silesia. In Rather, L. J. (ed), Collected Essays by Rudolph Virchow on Public Health and Epidemiology, Volume 1. Science History Publications, Canton, MA, pp. 205-319.
79. Viswanath, K. and Emmons, K. M. (2006) Message effects and social determinants of health: its application to cancer disparities. Journal of Communication, 56, S238-S264. (Pubitemid 44165224)
80. Waterloo Region Public Health Unit. (2011) Health Determinants-Planning and Evaluation. Retrieved 11 January 2011 from http://chd.region.waterloo.on.ca/ web/health.nsf/vwSiteMap/946751DBBDAD355985256F800-06CA77C?OpenDocument.
81. Westwood, B. and Westwood, G. (1999) Assessment of newspaper reporting of public health and the medical model: a methodological case study. Health Promotion International, 14, 53-64. (Pubitemid 29129434)
82. Wilkinson, R. and Marmot, M. (2003) Social Determinants of Health: The Solid Facts, from http://www.euro.who.int/document/e81384.pdf.
83. Wilkinson, R. G. (1996) Unhealthy Societies: The Afflictions of Inequality. Routledge, New York.
84. World Health Organization. (1986) Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. Retrieved 11 January 2011 from http://www.who.int/hpr/NPH/docs/ottawa-charter- hp.pdf.
85. World Health Organization. (2008) Closing the Gap in a Generation: Health Equity through Action on the Social Determinants of Health. World Health Organization, Geneva.
86. Yalnizyan, A. (2007) The Rich and the Rest of Us: The Changing Face of Canada's Growing Gap. Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, Toronto.