Large mammals surviving conflict in the eastern forests of Afghanistan

ORYX

Volumn 45, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 265-271

  Stevens, Kara ^a,c   Dehgan, Alex ^a,d   Karlstetter, Maria ^a,e   Rawan, Farid ^a,f   Tawhid, Muhammad Ismail ^a,b   Ostrowski, Stephane ^a,g   Ali, Jan Mohammad ^b   Ali, Rita ^b  

^a Shar e Nau   (Afghanistan)

^b WILDLIFE CONSERVATION SOCIETY   (Afghanistan)

^c MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT   (United States)

^e FAUNA AND FLORA INTERNATIONAL   (United Kingdom)

^f Veterinary Faculty Clinics Department   (Afghanistan)

^g WILDLIFE CONSERVATION SOCIETY   (United States)

Author keywords

Afghanistan; camera trap; civet; DNA analysis; Nuristan; post conflict; wildlife

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL SURVEY; CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT; DECIDUOUS FOREST; FOREST ECOSYSTEM; HABITAT LOSS; HUNTING; IDENTIFICATION METHOD; MAMMAL; MONTANE FOREST; STEPPE; SURVIVAL; TRANSECT; WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT;

AFGHANISTAN; NURESTAN;

CANIDAE; CANIS AUREUS; CANIS FAMILIARIS; CANIS LUPUS; CAPRA FALCONERI; FELIDAE; HYSTRIX CRISTATA; HYSTRIX INDICA; MAMMALIA; PANTHERA; PANTHERA PARDUS; PARADOXURUS HERMAPHRODITUS; QUERCUS; URSUS AMERICANUS; URSUS THIBETANUS; VULPES; VULPES VULPES;

EID: 79956117577     PISSN: 00306053     EISSN: 13653008     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0030605310000517     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. AZLAN, J.M. & SHARMA, D. (2006) The diversity and activity patterns of wild felids in a secondary forest in Peninsular Malaysia. Oryx, 40, 36-41.
2. CHADWICK, D. (2008) Out of the shadows. The elusive Central Asian snow leopard steps into a risk-filled future. National Geographic, 213, 106-129.
3. DRAULANS, D. & VAN KRUNKERSVEN, E. (2002) The impact of war on forest areas in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Oryx, 36, 35-40. (Pubitemid 43141983)
4. DUDLEY, J.P., GINSBERG, J., PLUMPTRE, A., HART, J. & CAMPOS, L. (2002) Effects of war and civil strife on wildlife and wildlife habitats. Conservation Biology, 16, 319-329. (Pubitemid 34394908)
5. FORAN, D.R. CROOKS, K.R. & MINTA, S.C. (1997) Species identification from scat: an unambiguous genetic method. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 25, 835-839. (Pubitemid 28181369)
6. Global Land Cover Facility (2010) Http://www.landcover.org [accessed 26 October 2010].
7. HABIBI, K. (2003) Mammals of Afghanistan. Zoo Outreach Organization, Coimbatore, India.
8. HASSINGER, J. (1973) A survey of the mammals of Afghanistan, resulting from the 1965 Street Expedition (excluding bats). Fieldiana Zoology, 60, 1-195.
9. HATTON, J., COUTO, M. & OGLETHORPE, J. (2001) Biodiversity and War: A Case Study of Mozambique. Biodiversity Support Program, Washington, DC, USA.
10. HENSCHEL, P. & RAY, J. (2003) Leopards in African Rainforests: Survey and Monitoring Techniques. Wildlife Conservation Society, Global Carnivore Program, Bronx, USA.
11. HWANG, M. & GARSHELI S, D. (2007) Activity patterns of Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) in the Central Mountains of Taiwan. Journal of Zoology, 271, 203-209. (Pubitemid 46155518)
12. IUCN (2010) IUCN Red List of Threatened Species v. 2010.4. Http:// www.iucnredlist.org [accessed 08 November 2010].
13. JACKSON, R.M., ROE, J.D., WANGCHUK, R. & HUNTER, D.O. (2006) Estimating snow leopard population abundance using photography and capture-recapture techniques. Wildlife Society Bulletin, 34, 772-81. (Pubitemid 44784513)
14. JAEGER, M., HAQUE, E., SULTANA, P. & BRUGGER, R. (2007) Daytime cover, diet and space-use of golden jackals (Canis aureus) in agro-ecosystems of Bangladesh. Mammalia, 71, 1-10. (Pubitemid 47482941)
15. JOSHI, A., SMITH, J. & CUTHBERT, F. (1995) Influence of food distribution and predation pressure on spacing behaviour in palm civets. Journal of Mammalogy, 76, 1205-1212. (Pubitemid 3019251)
16. KHOROZYAN, I. (2008) Research and Conservation of the Persian Leopard Panthera pardus saxicolor in Bamu National Park, Fars Province, Iran. Plan 4 the Land, Tehran, Iran.
17. KULLMANN, E. (1970) Die Tierwelt Ostafghanistans in ihren geographischen Beziehungen. Freunde des Kölner Zoo, 13, 3-25.
18. MISHRA, C. & FITZHERBERT, A. (2004) War and wildlife: a postconflict assessment of Afghanistans Wakhan Corridor. Oryx, 38, 102-105. (Pubitemid 43142332)
19. NCBI (2010) Genbank. Http://ww.ncbi.nih.gov/Genbank [accessed 26 October 2010].
20. NIETSCHMANN, B. (1990) Conservation by conflict in Nicaragua. Natural History, 99, 42-49.
21. NOWAK, R. (1999) Walkers Mammals of the World. 6th edition, Vol. 1. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA.
22. OSTROWSKI, S., ZAHLER, P., DEHGAN, A., STEVENS, K., KARLSTETTER, M. & SMALLWOOD, P. (2009) The Asiatic black bear still survives in Nuristan, Afghanistan. International Bear News, 18, 14-15.
23. PETOCZ, R. (1972) Report of the Laghman Markhor Survey. Afghan Tourist Organization, Kabul, Afghanistan.
24. PETOCZ, R. & LARSSON, J. (1977) Ecological Reconnaissance of Western Nuristan with Recommendations for Management. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FO: DP/AFG/74/016 Field Document No. 9, Kabul, Afghanistan.
25. PETOCZ, R., SKOGLAND, T. & HABIB I, K. (1977) Conservation and Utilization of Wildlife Resources: Afghanistan. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FO: DP/AFG/72/ 005 Interim Report, Rome, Italy.
26. PUGET, A. (1971) Observations sur le macaque rhesus, Macaca mulatta (Zimmermann 1780), en Afghanistan. Mammalia, 35, 199-203.
27. RAJARATNAM, R., SUNQUIST, M., RAJARATNAM, L. & AMBU, L. (2007) Diet and habitat selection of the leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis borneoensis) in an agricultural landscape in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 23, 209-217. (Pubitemid 46364657)
28. REID, D., JIANG, M.D., TENG, Q.T., QIN, Z.S. & HU, J. (1991) Ecology of the Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) in Sichuan, China. Mammalia, 55, 221-237.
29. ROBERTS, T.J. (2005) Field Guide to the Large and Medium-Sized Mammals of Pakistan. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
30. RODENBURG, W.F. (1977) The Trade in Wild Animal Furs in Afghanistan. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, FO: DP/AFG/74/016 Field Document, Kabul, Afghanistan.
31. ROONWAL, M.L. & MOHNOT, S.M. (1977) Primates of South Asia: Ecology, Sociobiology and Behavior. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, USA.
32. SCHALLER, G.B. & KHAN, S.A. (1975) Distribution and status of markhor (Capra falconeri). Biological Conservation, 7, 185-198.
33. SCHALLER, G.B., QITAO, T., JOHNSON, K.G., XIAOMING, W., HEMING, S. & JINCHU, H. (1989) The feeding ecology of giant pandas and Asiatic black bears in the Tangjiahe Reserve, China. In Carnivore Behavior, Ecology, and Evolution (ed. J.L. Gittleman), pp. 212-241. Comstock Publishing Associates, Ithaca, USA.
34. SEVER, Z. & MENDELSSOHN, H. (1991) Spatial movement patterns of porcupines (Hystrix indica). Mammalia, 55, 187-205.
35. SHEIKH, K.M. & MOLUR, S. (eds) (2004) Status and Red List of Pakistans Mammals. Based on the Conservation Assessment and Management Plan. IUCN, Islamabad, Pakistan.
36. SNOW LEOPARD TRUST (2007) Population Monitoring of Large Carnivores in Chitral Gol National Park, NWFP, Pakistan. Unpublished Report. Snow Leopard Trust, Seattle, USA.
37. SPADY, T., LINDBURG, D. & DURRANT, B. (2007) Evolution of reproductive seasonality in bears. Mammal Review, 37, 21-53. (Pubitemid 46562871)
38. UNEP (UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME) (2003) Afghanistan Post-Conflict Environmental Assessment. United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi, Kenya.
39. WAITS, L., BUCKLEY-BEASON, V., JOHNSON, W., ONORATO, D. & MCCARTHY, T. (2007) A select panel of polymorphic microsatellite loci for individual identification of snow leopards (Panthera uncia). Molecular Ecology Notes, 7, 311-314. (Pubitemid 46339153)