메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 31, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 787-804

To leave an area after disaster: How evacuees from the WTC buildings left the WTC area following the attacks

Author keywords

Emergency response; Evacuation; Risk communication; September 11, 2001; Terrorism; World Trade Center

Indexed keywords

EMERGENCY RESPONSE; EVACUATION; RISK COMMUNICATION; SEPTEMBER 11; WORLD TRADE CENTER;

EID: 79956108906     PISSN: 02724332     EISSN: 15396924     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2010.01537.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (14)

References (29)
  • 1
    • 33845636659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting emergency evacuation and sheltering behavior: A structured analytical approach
    • Dombroski M, Fischhoff B, Fischbeck P. Predicting emergency evacuation and sheltering behavior: A structured analytical approach. Risk Analysis, 2008; 26(6):1675-1688.
    • (2008) Risk Analysis , vol.26 , Issue.6 , pp. 1675-1688
    • Dombroski, M.1    Fischhoff, B.2    Fischbeck, P.3
  • 2
    • 35748961705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors associated with high-rise evacuation: Qualitative results from the World Trade Center Evacuation Study
    • Gershon RRM, Qureshi KA, Rubin MS, Raveis VH. Factors associated with high-rise evacuation: Qualitative results from the World Trade Center Evacuation Study. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine, 2007; 22(3):165-173.
    • (2007) Prehospital and Disaster Medicine , vol.22 , Issue.3 , pp. 165-173
    • Gershon, R.R.M.1    Qureshi, K.A.2    Rubin, M.S.3    Raveis, V.H.4
  • 4
    • 79956126706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the U.S. The 9/11 Commission Report. Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the U.S. Available at:, Accessed March 26, 2010.
    • The National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the U.S. The 9/11 Commission Report. Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the U.S. Available at:, Accessed March 26, 2010.
  • 7
    • 79956133710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The UK WTC9/11 evacuation study: An overview of the methodologies employed and some preliminary analysis. Proceedings of the 4th Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics (PED) Conference 2008, University of Wuppertal, Germany Springer
    • Galea ER, Hulse L, Day R, Siddiqui A, Sharp G, Shields J, Boyce K, Summerfield L, Canter D, Marselle M, Greenall PV. The UK WTC9/11 evacuation study: An overview of the methodologies employed and some preliminary analysis. Proceedings of the 4th Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics (PED) Conference 2008, University of Wuppertal, Germany Springer, 2009.
    • (2009)
    • Galea, E.R.1    Hulse, L.2    Day, R.3    Siddiqui, A.4    Sharp, G.5    Shields, J.6    Boyce, K.7    Summerfield, L.8    Canter, D.9    Marselle, M.10    Greenall, P.V.11
  • 8
    • 63449104815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modeling pre-evacuation delay by occupants in World Trade Center Towers 1 and 2 on September 11, 2001
    • Kuligowski ED, Mileti DS. Modeling pre-evacuation delay by occupants in World Trade Center Towers 1 and 2 on September 11, 2001. Fire Safety Journal, 2009; 44:487-496.
    • (2009) Fire Safety Journal , vol.44 , pp. 487-496
    • Kuligowski, E.D.1    Mileti, D.S.2
  • 10
    • 79956109359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evacuation station: The use of public transportation in emergency management planning
    • Available at: . Accessed March 26, 2010.
    • Schwartz MA, Litman TA. Evacuation station: The use of public transportation in emergency management planning. ITE Journal on the Web, 2008; 69-73. Available at: . Accessed March 26, 2010.
    • (2008) ITE Journal on the Web , pp. 69-73
    • Schwartz, M.A.1    Litman, T.A.2
  • 12
    • 15744397018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Managing disruptions to critical interdependent infrastructures in the context of the 2001 World Trade Center attack
    • in Natural Hazards Research & Applications Information Center, Public Entity Risk Institute, and Institute for Civil Infrastructure Systems (eds). . Boulder, CO University of Colorado
    • Wallace WA, Mendonca D, Lee EE, Mitchell JE, Chow JH. Managing disruptions to critical interdependent infrastructures in the context of the 2001 World Trade Center attack. Pp. 165-198 in Natural Hazards Research & Applications Information Center, Public Entity Risk Institute, and Institute for Civil Infrastructure Systems (eds). Beyond September 11th: An Account of Post-Disaster Research. Boulder, CO University of Colorado, 2003.
    • (2003) Beyond September 11th: An Account of Post-Disaster Research , pp. 165-198
    • Wallace, W.A.1    Mendonca, D.2    Lee, E.E.3    Mitchell, J.E.4    Chow, J.H.5
  • 13
    • 70350779560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transportation density and opportunities for expediting recovery to promote security
    • Zimmerman R, Simonoff JS. Transportation density and opportunities for expediting recovery to promote security. Journal of Applied Security Research, 2009; 4:48-59.
    • (2009) Journal of Applied Security Research , vol.4 , pp. 48-59
    • Zimmerman, R.1    Simonoff, J.S.2
  • 14
    • 79956116447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The collapse of the World Trade Center: Learning from urban disasters
    • in Natural Hazards Research & Applications Information Center, Public Entity Risk Institute, and Institute for Civil Infrastructure Systems (eds). . Boulder, CO University of Colorado
    • Restrepo C, Zimmerman R. The collapse of the World Trade Center: Learning from urban disasters. Pp. 49-80 in Natural Hazards Research & Applications Information Center, Public Entity Risk Institute, and Institute for Civil Infrastructure Systems (eds). Beyond September 11th: An Account of Post-Disaster Research. Boulder, CO University of Colorado, 2003.
    • (2003) Beyond September 11th: An Account of Post-Disaster Research , pp. 49-80
    • Restrepo, C.1    Zimmerman, R.2
  • 15
    • 15744395581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Public infrastructure service flexibility for response and recovery in the September 11th, 2001 attacks at the World Trade Center
    • in Natural Hazards Research & Applications Information Center, Public Entity Risk Institute, and Institute for Civil Infrastructure Systems (eds). . Boulder, CO University of Colorado.
    • Zimmerman R. Public infrastructure service flexibility for response and recovery in the September 11th, 2001 attacks at the World Trade Center. Pp. 241-268 in Natural Hazards Research & Applications Information Center, Public Entity Risk Institute, and Institute for Civil Infrastructure Systems (eds). Beyond September 11th: An Account of Post-Disaster Research. Boulder, CO University of Colorado.
    • Beyond September 11th: An Account of Post-Disaster Research , pp. 241-268
    • Zimmerman, R.1
  • 16
    • 34250897893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disaster planning and risk communication with vulnerable communities: Lessons from Hurricane Katrina
    • Eisenman DP, Cordasco KM, Asch S, Golden JF, Glik D. Disaster planning and risk communication with vulnerable communities: Lessons from Hurricane Katrina. Am J Public Health, 2007;97(Suppl. 1):S109-S115.
    • (2007) Am J Public Health , vol.97 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Eisenman, D.P.1    Cordasco, K.M.2    Asch, S.3    Golden, J.F.4    Glik, D.5
  • 18
    • 0037691710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • McKinsey & Co. . New York City of New York
    • McKinsey & Co. Increasing FDNY's Preparedness. New York City of New York, 2002.
    • (2002) Increasing FDNY's Preparedness
  • 19
    • 35748961705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors associated with high-rise evacuation: Qualitative results from the World Trade Center Evacuation Study
    • Gershon RRM, Qureshi KA, Rubin MS, Raveis, VH. Factors associated with high-rise evacuation: Qualitative results from the World Trade Center Evacuation Study. Prehospital Disaster Medicine, 2007; 22:165-173.
    • (2007) Prehospital Disaster Medicine , vol.22 , pp. 165-173
    • Gershon, R.R.M.1    Qureshi, K.A.2    Rubin, M.S.3    Raveis, V.H.4
  • 20
    • 79956128287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The World Trade Center Evacuation Study: Factors associated with initiation and length of time for evacuation. Fire and Materials: An International Journal, in press.
    • Gershon RRM, Magda LA, Riley HEM, Sherman MF. The World Trade Center Evacuation Study: Factors associated with initiation and length of time for evacuation. Fire and Materials: An International Journal, in press.
    • Gershon, R.R.M.1    Magda, L.A.2    Riley, H.E.M.3    Sherman, M.F.4
  • 21
    • 52149121832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roadmap for the protection of disaster research participants: Findings from the World Trade Center Evacuation Study
    • Qureshi KA, Gershon RRM, Smailes E, et al. Roadmap for the protection of disaster research participants: Findings from the World Trade Center Evacuation Study. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine, 2007; 22:486-793.
    • (2007) Prehospital and Disaster Medicine , vol.22 , pp. 486-793
    • Qureshi, K.A.1    Gershon, R.R.M.2    Smailes, E.3
  • 22
    • 79956084457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Universities of Greenwich, Ulster and Liverpool. Hi-Rise Evacuation Evaluation Database (HEED). World Trade Center Evacuation Study . Available at:, Accessed March 26, 2010.
    • Universities of Greenwich, Ulster and Liverpool. Hi-Rise Evacuation Evaluation Database (HEED). World Trade Center Evacuation Study . Available at:, Accessed March 26, 2010.
  • 23
    • 84905565553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of group information-seeking in a simulated emergency response environment. in Van de Walle B, Carle B (eds). Proceedings of the 2nd International Information Systems for Crises Response and Management (ISRAM) Conference. Brussels, Belgium ISCRAM Association, April 2005.
    • Gu Q, Mendonça D. Patterns of group information-seeking in a simulated emergency response environment. Pp. 109-116 in Van de Walle B, Carle B (eds). Proceedings of the 2nd International Information Systems for Crises Response and Management (ISRAM) Conference. Brussels, Belgium ISCRAM Association, April 2005.
    • Gu, Q.1    Mendonça, D.2
  • 25
    • 0041169395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A test of the emergent norm theory of collective behavior
    • Aguirre BE, Wenger D, Vego G. A test of the emergent norm theory of collective behavior. Sociological Forum, 1998; 13(2):301-320.
    • (1998) Sociological Forum , vol.13 , Issue.2 , pp. 301-320
    • Aguirre, B.E.1    Wenger, D.2    Vego, G.3
  • 27
    • 0035044120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disaster warning and evacuation responses by private business employees
    • Drabek TE. Disaster warning and evacuation responses by private business employees. Disasters, 2001; 25(1):76-94.
    • (2001) Disasters , vol.25 , Issue.1 , pp. 76-94
    • Drabek, T.E.1
  • 28
    • 85072388972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Facts and fears: Understanding perceived risk
    • in Slovic P (ed). . London and Sterling, VA Earthscan
    • Slovic P, Fischhoff B, Lichtenstein S. Facts and fears: Understanding perceived risk. Pp. 137-153 in Slovic P (ed). The Perception of Risk. London and Sterling, VA Earthscan, 2000.
    • (2000) The Perception of Risk , pp. 137-153
    • Slovic, P.1    Fischhoff, B.2    Lichtenstein, S.3
  • 29
    • 79956110731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New York State Department of Public Service Office of Communications. Network Reliability After 9/11, Nov. 2, 2002. Available at: . Accessed July 15, 2009.
    • New York State Department of Public Service Office of Communications. Network Reliability After 9/11, Nov. 2, 2002. Available at: . Accessed July 15, 2009.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.