Mammal and bird road mortalities on the upington to Twee Rivieren Main Road in the Southern Kalahari, South Africa

African Zoology

Volumn 46, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 60-71

  Bullock, K L ^a   Malan, G ^a   Pretorius, M D ^a  

^a TSHWANE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (South Africa)

Author keywords

activity period; Kalahari; Road mortalities; season; vegetation unit

Indexed keywords

ACTIVITY PATTERN; ANTHROPOGENIC EFFECT; BIRD; CONSERVATION STATUS; MAMMAL; MORTALITY; ROADKILL;

KALAHARI DESERT; KGALAGADI TRANSFRONTIER PARK; NORTHERN CAPE; SOUTH AFRICA; UPINGTON;

AVES; BUBO AFRICANUS; MAMMALIA; OTOCYON MEGALOTIS; STRIGIFORMES;

EID: 79956075598     PISSN: 15627020     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3377/004.046.0118     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. ANSARA, T. 2004. Determining the ecological status and possible anthropogenic impacts on the grass owl (Tyto capensis) populationonthe East Rand Highveld, Gauteng. M.Sc. thesis, Rand Afrikaans University, Johannesbutg, South Africa.
2. ANDERSON, M.D. 2000. Raptor conservation in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa. Ostrich 71(1&2): 25-32.
3. ANDERSON, M.D. 2006. Animal deaths on South African roads. African Wildlife 60(4): 44.
4. BARTHELMESS, E.L. & BROOKS M.S. 2010. The influence of body-size and diet on road-kill trends in mammals. Biodiversity Conservation 19: 1611-1629.
5. BENNETT, A.F. 1991 Roads, roadsides and wildlife conservation: a review. Conservation Biology 12: 1241-1252.
6. CARBAUGH, B., VAUGHAN, J.P. & BELLIS, E.D. 1975. Distribution and activity of white-tailed deer along an interstate highway. Journal of Wildlife Management 39(3): 570-581.
7. CLARKE, G.P., WHITE P.C.L. & HARRIS, S. 1998. Effects of roads on badger (Meles meles) populations in south-west England. Biological Conservation 86: 117-124. (Pubitemid 28463666)
8. CLEVENGER, A.P., CHRUSZCZ, B. & GUNSON, K.E. 2003. Highway mitigation fencing reduces wildlife-vehicle collisions. Wildlife Society Bulletin 29(2): 646-653. (Pubitemid 32656850)
9. COFFIN, A.W. 2007. From road kill to road ecology: a review of the ecological effects of roads. Journal of Transport Geography 15: 396-406. (Pubitemid 47224572)
10. DEAN, W.R.J. & MILTON, S.J. 2003. The importance of roads and road verges or raptors and crows in the Succulent and Nama-Karoo, South Africa. Ostrich 74 (3&4): 181-186. (Pubitemid 37470502)
11. DEAN, W.R.J., MILTON, S.J. & ANDERSON, M.D. 2006. Use of road kills and roadside vegetation by pied and Cape crows in semi-arid South Africa. Ostrich 77(1&2): 102-104. (Pubitemid 43733802)
12. DIQUE, D.S., THOMPSON, J., PREECE, H.J., PENFOLD, G.C., DEVILLIERS, D.L. & LESLIE, R.S. 2003. Koala mortality on roads in south-east Queensland: the koala speed-zone trial. Wildlife Research 30: 419-426. (Pubitemid 37207572)
13. DUNTHORN, A.A. & ERRINGTON, F.P. 1964. Casualties among birds along a selected road in Wiltshire. Bird Study 11: 168-182.
14. ELOFF, F. 2002. Hunters of the Dunes. Sunbird Publishing. Cape Town, South Africa.
15. ENDANGERED WILDLIFE TRUST. 2004. Little Red Data Book of the Mammals of South Africa: a Conservation Assessment. Endangered Wildlife Trust and CBSG (IUCN/SSC), Gland, Switzerland.
16. FORD, A.T. & FAHRIG, L. 2007. Diet and body size of North American mammal road mortalities. Journal of Transportation Research (Part D) 12: 498-505. (Pubitemid 47413161)
17. FORMAN, R.T.T., SPERLING, D. & CLEVENGER, A.P. 2003. Road Ecology: Science and Solutions. Island Press, Washington, D.C., U.S.A.
18. GINN, P.J., McILLERON, W.G. & MILSTEIN, P. leS. 1989. The Complete Book of Southern African Birds. Struik Winchester, Cape Town, South Africa.
19. GLISTA, D.J., DeVAULT, T.L. & DeWOODY, J.A. 2009. A review of mitigation measures for reducing wildlife mortality on roadways. Landscape and Urban Planning 91: 1-7
20. GUNSON, K.E., CHRUSZCA, B. & CLEVENGER, A.P. 2005. What features of the landscape and highway influence ungulate vehicle collisions in the watersheds of the Central Canadian Rocky mountains: a fine-scale perspective? Road Ecology Center eScholarship Repository, John Muir Institute of the Environment, University of California, Davis, CA. Online at: http://repositories.cdlib.org/jmie/roadeco/Gunson2005a
21. HAYWARD, M.W., HAYWARD, G.J. & KERLEY, G.I.H. 2010. The impact of upgrading roads on the conservation of the threatened flightless dung beetle, Circellum bacchus (F.) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). Coleopterists Bulletin 64: 75-80.
22. HELS, T. & BUCHWALD, E. 2001. The effect of road kills on amphibian populations. Journal of Biological Conservation 99: 331-340. (Pubitemid 33648565)
23. HOCKEY, P.A.R., DEAN, W.R.J. & RYAN, P.G. 2005. Roberts Birds of Southern Africa, 7th edn. The Trustees of the John Voelcker Bird Book Fund, Cape Town.
24. HOLM, E. 2008. Insectlopedia of Southern Africa. LAPA Publishers, Pretoria, South Africa.
25. JAARSMA, C.F., VAN LANGEVELDE, F. & BOTMA, H. 2006. Flattened fauna and migration: traffic victims related to roads, traffic, vehicles and species characteristics. Journal of Transportation Research 11: 264-276. (Pubitemid 44111750)
26. JACKSON, H.D. 2003. A field survey to investigate why nightjars frequent roads at night. Ostrich 74(1&2): 97-101. (Pubitemid 38381722)
27. JOYCE, T.L. & MAHONEY, S.P. 2001. Spatial and temporal distributions of moose-vehicle collisions in Newfoundland. Wildlife Society Bulletin 29(1): 281-291. (Pubitemid 32368444)
28. KACZENSKY, P., KNAUER, F., KRZE, B., JONOZOVIC, M., ADAMIC, M. & GOSSOW, H. 2003. The impact of high speed, high volume traffic axes on brown bears in Slovenia. Biological Conservation 111: 191-204. (Pubitemid 36360402)
29. KOLOWSKI, J.M. & NIELSEN, C.K. 2008. Using Penrose distance to identify potential risk of wildlife-vehicle collisions. Journal of Biological Conservation 141: 1119-1128.
30. KURBERG, L. 2005. The effect of grazing on bat-eared foxes, and how farmers in Namibia perceive the bat-eared fox. Masters thesis, Uppsala University, Sweden.
31. LAUREN, L., MASTRO, L.L., CONOVER, M R. & NICOLE FREY, S. 2010. Factors influencing a motorist's ability to detect deer at night. Landscape and Urban Planning 94: 250-254.
32. LE MAY, J. 2003. Toll road toad tunnels no solution. African Wildlife 57(2): 28-29.
33. MACDONALD, I.A.W. & MACDONALD, S.A. 1985. The demise of the solitary scavengers in southern Africa - the early rising crow hypothesis. In: Proceedings of the Birds and Man Symposium, (ed.) L.J. Bunning, pp. 321-335. South African Ornithological Society, Johannesburg, South Africa.
34. MACKIE, A.J. 1988. Bat-eared foxes Otocyon megalotis as predators of harvester termites Hodotermes mossambicus in the Orange Free State. M.Sc. thesis, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
35. MACKIE, A.J. & NEL, J.A.J. 1989. Habitat selection, home range use and group size of bat-eared foxes in the Orange Free State. South African Journal of Wildlife Research 19: 135-139. (Pubitemid 20425539)
36. MALAN, G.1992. Nest-lining usedbypale chanting goshawks in the Little Karoo, South Africa. Gabar 7: 56-61.
37. MALAN, G. & CROWE, T.M. 1996. The diet and conservation of monogamous and polyandrous pale chanting goshawks in the Little Karoo, South Africa. South African Journal of Wildlife Research 26: 1-10. (Pubitemid 27151379)
38. MALAN, G., LITTLE, R.M. & CROWE, T.M. 1992. The sandgrouse research project, final report. Unpublished report, Percy FitzPatrick Institute, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
39. MILLS, G. & HES, L. 1997. The Complete Book of Southern African Mammals. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, South Africa.
40. MILTON, S.J. & DEAN, W.R.J. 1988. Flower and fruitpro-duction of Rhigozum obovatum (Bignoniaceae) in road reserves and grazing land. South African Journal of Science 84(10): 789-799.
41. MUCINA, L. & RUTHERFORDS, M.C. (eds) 2006. The Vegetation of South Africa, Lestho and Swaziland. Strelitzia 19. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, South Africa.
42. O'FARRELL, P. 1997. Road verge and rangeland plant communities in the southern Karoo: the influence of width and moisture on diversity, dominance and cover. M.Sc. thesis, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
43. OSCHADLEUS, H.D. & HAREBOTTLE, D. 2002. A survey of road-kills, with special emphasis on birds. Bird Numbers 11: 42-44.
44. PESCHAK, T.P. 2008. Roadkill diaries. Africa Geographic 16(2): 26-31.
45. PICKER, M., GRIFFITHS, C. & WEAVING, A. 2004. Field Guide to Insects of South Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, South Africa.
46. REIJNEN, R., FOPPEN, R., TER BRAAK, C. & THISSEN, J. 1995. The effect of traffic on breeding bird populations in woodland. Journal of Applied Ecology 32: 187-202.
47. ROW, J.R., BLOUIN-DEMERS, G. & WEATHERHEAD, P.J. 2007. Demographic effects of road mortalities in Black Ratsnakes (Elaphe obsoleta). Journal of Biological Conservation 137: 117-124. (Pubitemid 46517499)
48. ROZE, U. 1989. The North American Porcupine. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., U.S.A.
49. SAEKI, M. & MACDONDALD, D.W. 2004. The effects of traffic on the raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus) and other mammals in Japan. Biological Conservation 118: 559-571 (Pubitemid 38536865)
50. SEILER, A. 2002. Effects of infrastructure on nature. In: COST 341 - Habitat Fragmentation due to Transportation Infrastructure: the European Review, (eds) M. Trocmé, S. Cahill, J.G. De Vries, H. Farrall, L. Folkeson, G. Fry, C. Hicks & J. Peymen, pp. 31-50. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg.
51. SHYAMA PRASAD RAO, R. & SAPTHA GIRISH, M.K. 2007 Road kills: assessing insect casualties using flagship taxon. Current Science 830(92): 6-25.
52. SIEGFRIED, W.R. 1965. A survey of wildlife mortality on roads in the Cape Province. Cape Department of Nature Conservation Investigational Report No. 6, Cape Town, South Africa.
53. SKINNER, J.D. & CHIMIMBA, C.T. 2005. The Mammals of the Southern African Subregion (revised edition). Cambridge University Press, Cape Town, South Africa.
54. SPELLERBERG, I.F. 2002. The Ecological Effect of Roads. Science Publishers, Enfield, NH, U.S.A.
55. JAEGER, J.A.G., BOWMAN, J., BRENNAN, J., FAHRIG, L., BERT, D., BOUCHARD, J., CHARBONNEAU, N., FRANK, K., GRUBER, B. & VONTOSCHANOWITZ, K.T. 2005. Predicting when animal populations are at risk from roads: an interactive model of road avoidance behavior. Ecological Modelling 185: 329-348. (Pubitemid 40564508)
56. STATACORP. 2007. Stata Statistical Software: Release 10. Stata Press Publication, StataCorp LP, College Station, TX, U.S.A.
57. STATSOFT. 1995. Statistica for Windows. Stat Soft, Inc., Tulsa, OK, U.S.A.
58. YOUNG D. 2002. Ringing, recovery and release - an owlet's success story. Bird Numbers 11: 31-32.
59. UNEP-WCMC (Compilers) 2008. Checklist of CITES species (CD-ROM). CITES Secretariat, Geneva, Switzerland, and UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, U.K.
60. VISAGIE, R. & ANDERSON, M.D. 2006. Lesser falcon Falco naumanni road mortalities in the eastern Karoo, South Africa. Gabar 17(2): 1-9.
61. ZAR, J.H. 1984. Biostatistical Analysis. Prentice-Hall, NJ, U.S.A.