Community wildfire protection planning: Is the Healthy Forests Restoration Act's vagueness genius?

International Journal of Wildland Fire

Volumn 20, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 350-363

  Jakes, Pamela J ^a   Nelson, Kristen C ^b   Enzler, Sherry A ^b   Burns, Sam ^c   Cheng, Antony S ^d   Sturtevant, Victoria ^e   Williams, Daniel R ^f   Bujak, Alexander ^d   Brummel, Rachel F ^b   Grayzeck Souter, Stephanie ^b   Staychock, Emily ^d  

^a USDA FOREST SERVICE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

^c FORT LEWIS COLLEGE   (United States)

^d Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences   (United States)

^e SOUTHERN OREGON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^f ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION   (United States)

Author keywords

community capacity; policy implementation; wildfire management; wildland urban interface

Indexed keywords

EID: 79955957471     PISSN: 10498001     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1071/WF10038     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Babbie E (1998) 'The Practice of Social Research, 8th edn.' (Wadsworth Publishing Co.: Belmont, CA)
2. Berke PR (1998) Reducing natural hazards through state growth management. Journal of the American Planning Association. American Planning Association 64, 76-87. doi:10.1080/01944369808975958
3. Boyatzis RE (1998) 'Transforming Qualitative Information: Thematic Analysis and Code 769 Development.' (Sage: Thousand Oaks, CA)
4. Bradshaw B (2003) Questioning the credibility and capacity of communitybased resource management. The Canadian Geographer-Geographe Canadien 47(2), 137-150. doi:10.1111/1541-0064.T01-1-00001 (Pubitemid 38536379)
5. Brummel RF, Nelson KC, Souter SG, Jakes PJ, Williams DR (2010) Social learning in a policy-mandated collaboration: community wildfire protection planning in the eastern United States. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management 53, 681-699. doi:10.1080/09640568.2010. 488090
6. Chaskin R (2001) Building community capacity: a definitional framework and case studies from a comprehensive community initiative. Urban Affairs Review 36, 291-323. doi:10.1177/10780870122184876
7. Cohen J (1999) Reducing the wildland fire threat to homes: where and how much? In 'Proceedings of the Symposium on Fire Economics, Planning, and Policy: Bottom Lines', April 1999, San Diego, CA. (Eds A Gonzales-Caban, PN Omi) USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, General Technical Report PSW-GTR-173, pp. 189-195. (Albany, CA)
8. Cohen J (2000a) Preventing disaster: home ignitability in the wildland-urban interface. Journal of Forestry 98(3), 15-21. (Pubitemid 30423420)
9. Cohen JD (2000b) What is the wildland fire threat to homes? Thompson Memorial Lecture, School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 10 April 2000. Available at http://www.fs.fed.us/rm/ pubs-other/rmrs-2000- cohen-j003.pdf [Verified 24 July 2009]
10. CWPP Task Force (2008) Community guide to preparing and implementing a Community Wildfire Protection Plan. Available at http://www. forestsandrangelands.gov/communities/documents/CWPP- Report-Aug2008.pdf [Verified 13 January 2010]
11. Daniel TC, Weidemann E, Hines D (2003) Assessing public tradeoffs between fire hazard and scenic beauty in the wildland-urban interface. In 'Homeowners, Communities, and Wildfire: Science Findings from the National Fire Plan. Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Society and Management', June 2002, Bloomington, IN. (Ed. PJ Jakes) USDA Forest Service, North Central Research Station, General Technical Report NC-231, pp. 36-44. (St Paul, MN)
12. Davenport MA, Leahy JE, Anderson DH, Jakes PJ (2007) Building trust in natural resource management within local communities: a case study of the Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie. Environmental Management 39, 353-368. doi:10.1007/S00267-006-0016-1 (Pubitemid 46292134)
13. Flora CB, Flora JL (2004) 'Rural Communities: Legacy and Change.' (Westview Press: Boulder, CO)
14. Fitz J, Halpin D, Power S (1994) Implementation research and education policy: practice and prospects. British Journal of Educational Studies 42(1), 53-69. doi:10.1080/00071005.1994.9973983
15. Glaser BG, Strauss AL (1999) 'The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research.' (Aldine de Gruyter: New York)
16. Graham RT, McCaffrey S, Jain TB (2004) Science basis for changing forest structure to modify wildfire behavior and severity. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-120. (Fort Collins, CO)
17. Grayzeck-Souter SA, Nelson KC, Brummel RF, Jakes P, Williams D (2009) Interpreting federal policy at the local level: the wildland-urban interface concept in wildfire protection planning in the eastern United States. International Journal of Wildland Fire 18(3), 278-289. doi:10.1071/ WF08081
18. Hawkins J (2004) Community wildfire protection plans from four angles. Journal of Forestry 102(6), 4.
19. Jakes P, Kruger L, Monroe M, Nelson K, Sturtevant V (2007a) Improving wildfire preparedness: lessons from communities across the US. Human Ecology Review 14(2), 188-197. (Pubitemid 47185569)
20. Jakes P, Burns S, Cheng A, Saeli E, Nelson K, Brummel R, Grayzeck S, Sturtevant V, Williams D (2007b) Critical elements in the development and implementation of community wildfire protection plans (CWPPs). In 'The Fire Environment -Innovations, Management and Policy; Conference Proceedings', March 2007, Destin, FL. (Eds BW Butler, W Cook) USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Proceedings RMRS-P 46CD, pp. 613-625. (Fort Collins, CO)
21. Koontz TM, Johnson EM (2004) One size does not fit all: matching breadth of citizen participation to watershed group accomplishments. Policy Sciences 37(2), 185-204. doi:10.1023/B:OLIC.0000048532.94150.07 (Pubitemid 39547080)
22. LankoandeM,Yoder J (2008) Fuel treatment and suppression forwildfire risk mitigation. In 'Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Fire Economics, Planning, and Policy: A Global View'. (Ed. A Gonzalez-Caban) USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, General Technical Report PSW-GTR-208, pp. 303-309. (Albany, CA)
23. Lester JP, Bowman AO'M (1989) Implementing environmental policy in a federal system: a test of the Sabatier-Mazmanian model. Policy 21(4), 731-753.
24. McFarlane DR (1989) Testing the statutory coherence hypothesis. Administration & Society 20(4), 395-422. doi:10.1177/009539978902000401
25. McLaughlin MW (1987) Learning from experience: lessons from policy implementation. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis 9(2), 171-178.
26. Meier KJ, McFarlane DR (1995) Statutory coherence and policy implementation: the case of family planning. Journal of Public Policy 15(3), 281-298. doi:10.1017/S0143814X00010059 (Pubitemid 26478698)
27. NASF(2009) Briefing paper: implementation and monitoring of Community Wildfire Protection Plans. (National Association of State Foresters: Washington, DC) Available at http://www.stateforesters.org/files/ 011309-NASF-CWPP- monitoring-paper.pdf [Verified 13 January 2010]
28. NASF (2010) Communities at risk report FY 2009. (National Association of State Foresters: Washington, DC) Available at http://www.stateforesters. org/files/NASF-final-CAR-report-FY09.pdf [Verified 6 April 2010]
29. Nelson KC, Monroe M, Fingerman Johnson J, Bowers A (2005) The look of the land: homeowner landscape management and defensible space in Minnesota and Florida. Society & Natural Resources 18(4), 321-336. doi:10.1080/ 08941920590915233 (Pubitemid 40533923)
30. Resource Innovations (2008) Community Wildfire Protection Plan evaluation guide. (Institute for Sustainable Environment, University of Oregon: Corvallis, OR) Available at http://csfs.colostate.edu/pdfs/ eval-9-8-08-web.pdf [Verified 13 January 2010]
31. Sabatier PA, Mazmanian D (1980) The implementation of public policy: a framework for analysis Policy Studies Journal: the Journal of the Policy Studies Organization 8, 538-560. doi:10.1111/J.1541-0072. 1980.TB01266.X
32. Sabatier PA, Mazmanian D (1995) A conceptual framework of the implementation process. In 'Public Policy: the Essential Readings'. (Eds SZ Theodoulou,MACahn) pp. 1153-1173. (Prentice-Hall, Inc.: Englewood Cliffs, NJ)
33. SAF (2004) Preparing a community wildfire protection plan: a handbook for wildland-urban interface communities. (Society of American Foresters: Bethesda, MD) Available at http://www.communitiescommittee.org/ pdfs/cwpphandbook.pdf [Verified 21 July 2010]
34. Silverman D (2001) 'Interpreting Qualitative Data: Methods for Analyzing Talk, Text and Interaction.' (Sage: Thousand Oaks, CA)
35. Steelman T (2008) Communities and wildfire policies. In 'Forest Community Connections: Implications for Research, Management and Governance'. (EdsEMDonoghue,VESturtevant) pp. 109-126. (Resources for the Future: Washington, DC)
36. Steelman TA, Kunkel GF (2004) Effective community responses to wildfire threats: lessons from New Mexico. Society & Natural Resources 17(8), 679-699. doi:10.1080/08941920490480697 (Pubitemid 39169303)
37. Steelman TA, Kunkel G, Bell D (2004) Federal and state influence on community responses to wildfire threats: Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico. Journal of Forestry 102(6), 21-27. (Pubitemid 39364254)
38. Strauss A, Corbin J (1998) 'Basics of Qualitative Research: Techniques and Procedures for Developing Grounded Theory.' (Sage Publications: Thousand Oaks, CA)
39. Sturtevant V, Jakes P (2008) Collaborative planning to reduce risk. In 'Wildfire Risk: Human Perceptions and Management Implications'. (Eds WE Martin, C Raish, Carol, K Brian) pp. 44-63. (Resources for the Future: Washington, DC)
40. Sturtevant V, Moote MA, Jakes P, Cheng AS (2005) Social science to improve fuels management: a synthesis of research on collaboration. USDA Forest Service, North Central Research Station, General Technical Report NC-GTR-257. (St Paul, MN)
41. US Congress (2003) Healthy Forests Restoration Act. PL 108-148. Available at http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname= 108-cong-bills&docid=f:h1904enr.txt.pdf [Verified 6 April 2010]
42. US House of Representatives(2003) Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 Report and Dissenting Views, Available at http://frwebgate. access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=108-cong-reports&docid=f:hr096p1. 108.pdf [Verified 6 April 2010]
43. US House of Representatives Conference Committee (2003) Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 Conference Report. H. Rep. 108-386. Available at http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname= 108-cong- reports&docid=f:hr386.108.pdf [Verified 29 September 2009]
44. USDA, USDI (2004) The Healthy Forests Initiative and Healthy Forests Restoration Act: interim field guide. USDA Forest Service, Report FS-799. (Washington, DC)
45. Wondolleck JM, Yaffee SL (2000) 'Making Collaboration Work: Lessons from Innovation in Natural Resource Management.' (Island Press: Washington, DC)