Toluidine blue color perception in identification of oral mucosal lesions

Clinical Oral Investigations

Volumn 15, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 337-345

  Güneri, Pelin ^a   Epstein, Joel B ^b,c   Ergün, Selin ^a   Boyacioğlu, Hayal ^a  

^a EGE UNIVERSITY   (Turkey)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS   (United States)

Author keywords

Color perception; Oral cancer; Tolonium chloride

Indexed keywords

EID: 79955865022     PISSN: 14326981     EISSN: 14363771     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-010-0398-6     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Braga JC, Scope A, Klaz I, Mecca P, Spencer P, Marghoob AA (2008) Melanoma mimicking seborrheic keratosis: an error of perception precluding correct dermoscopic diagnosis. J Am Acad Dermatol 58: 875-880.
2. Scully C, Felix DH (2005) Oral medicine-update for the dental practitioner. Oral white patches. Br Dent J 199: 565-572.
3. Scully C, Felix DH (2005) Oral medicine-update for the dental practitioner. Red and pigmented lesions. Br Dent J 199: 639-645.
4. Johnson N, Franceschi S, Ferlay J, Ramadas K, Schmid S, MacDonald DG, Bouquot JE, Slootweg PJ (2005) Squamous cell carcinoma, Chapter 4: Tumours of the oral cavity and oropharynx. In: Barnes L, Eveson JW, Reichart P, Sidransky D (eds) World Health Organization Classification of tumours, pathology and genetics of head and neck tumours. IARC Publication. http://www. iarc. fr/IARCPress/pdfs/bb9/bb9-chap4. pdf. Accessed 09 Sep 2009.
5. Gray MGL, Burls A, Elley K (2000) The clinical effectiveness of toluidine blue dye as an adjunct to oral cancer screening in general dental practice. A West Midlands Development and Evaluation Service Report. http://www. pcpoh. bham. ac. uk/publichealth/wmhtac/ pdf/toludine_blue. pdf. Accessed 20 Jan 2007.
6. Reichart PA (2001) Identification of risk groups for oral precancer and cancer and preventive measures. Clin Oral Invest 5: 207-213.
7. Epstein JB, Zhang L, Rosin M (2002) Advances in the diagnosis of oral premalignant and malignant lesions. J Can Dent Assoc 68: 17-21.
8. Patton LL (2003) The effectiveness of community-based visual screening and utility of adjunctive diagnostic aids in the early detection of oral cancer. Oral Oncol 39: 708-723.
9. Samei E, Flynn MJ, Peterson E, Eyler WR (2003) Subtle lung nodules: influence of local anatomic variations on detection. Radiology 228: 76-84.
10. Niimi T, Imai K, Maeda H, Ikeda M (2007) Information loss in visual assessments of medical images. Eur J Radiol 61: 362-326.
11. Knispel G (1991) Factors affecting the process of colour matching restorative materials to natural teeth. Quintessence Int 22: 525-531.
12. Billmeyer FW, Saltzman M (1980) Observer metamerism. Color Res Appl 5: 72.
13. Douglas RD (1997) Precision of in vivo colorimetric assessments of teeth. J Prosthet Dent 77: 464-470.
14. Wozniak WT, Moser JB (1981) How to improve shade matching in the dental operatory. Council on dental materials, i{dotless}nstruments, and equipment. J Am Dent Assoc 102: 209-210.
15. Vleugels L, Lafosse C, van Nunen A, Nachtergaele S, Ketelaer P, Charlier M, Vandenbussche E (2000) Visuoperceptual impairment in multiple sclerosis patients diagnosed with neurophysiological tasks. Mult Scler 6: 241-254.
16. Iregren A, Andersson M, Nylen P (2002) Color vision and occupational chemical exposures: I. An overview of tests and effects. Neurotoxicology 23: 719-733.
17. Shuwairi SM, Cronin-Golomb A, McCarley RW, O'Donnell BF (2002) Color discrimination in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 55: 197-204.
18. Brewer JD, Wee A, Seghi R (2004) Advances in color matching. Dent Clin North Am 48: 341-358.
19. Joiner A (2004) Tooth color: a review of the literature. J Dent 32: 3-12.
20. Okubo SR, Kanawati A, Richards MW, Childress S (1998) Evaluation of visual and instrument shade matching. J Prosthet Dent 80: 642-648.
21. Uchida H, Vaidyanathan J, Viswanadhan T, Vaidyanathan TK (1998) Colour stability of dental composites as a function of shade. J Prosthet Dent 79: 372-377.
22. Cal E, Sonugelen M, Guneri P, Kesercioglu A, Kose T (2004) Application of a digital technique in evaluating the reliability of shade guides. J Oral Rehabil 31: 483-491.
23. Cal E, Guneri P, Kose T (2006) Comparison of digital and spectrophotometric measurements of color shade guides. J Oral Rehabil 33: 221-228.
24. McCaslin AJ, Haywood VB, Potter BJ, Dickinson GL, Russell CM (1999) Assessing dentin color changes from nightguard vital bleaching. J Am Dent Assoc 130: 1485-1490.
25. Bentley C, Leonard RH, Nelson CF, Bentley SA (1999) Quantitation of vital bleaching by computer analysis of photographic images. J Am Dent Assoc 130: 809-816.
26. Lai YL, Yang ML, Lee SY (2003) Microhardness and color changes of human dentin with repeated intracoronal bleaching. Oper Dent 28: 786-792.
27. Jarad FD, Albadri SS, Mair LH (2008) The use of objective digital matching to achieve an esthetic composite restoration. J Clin Dent 19: 9-13.
28. Wilson J, Firnhaber R, Kutcher MJ (1992) Computer-aided analysis of intraoral ulcerative lesions. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 74: 393-399.
29. Ishihara R, Yamada T, Iishi H, Kato M, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto S, Masuda E, Tatsumi K, Takeuchi Y, Higashino K, Uedo N, Tatsuta M, Ishiguro S (2009) Quantitative analysis of the color change after iodine staining for diagnosing esophageal high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cancer. Gastrointest Endosc 69: 213-218.
30. Iwami Y, Hayashi N, Takeshige F, Ebisu S (2008) Relationship between the color of carious dentin with varying lesion activity, and bacterial detection. J Dent 36: 143-151.
31. Pladellorens J, Pintó A, Segura J, Cadevall C, Antó J, Pujol J, Vilaseca M, Coll J (2008) A device for the color measurement and detection of spots on the skin. Skin Res Technol 14: 65-70.
32. Jönsson A, Mattsson U, Cassuto J, Heyden G (1998) Quantification of burn induced extravasation of Evans blue albumin based on digital image analysis. Comput Biol Med 28: 153-167.
33. Kayser K, Görtler J, Metze K, Goldmann T, Vollmer E, Mireskandari M, Kosjerina Z, Kayser G (2008) How to measure image quality in tissue-based diagnosis (diagnostic surgical pathology). Diagn Pathol 3(Suppl 1): S11.
34. Silverman S Jr, Sugerman PB (2000) Oral premalignancies and squamous cell carcinoma. Clin Dermatol 18: 563-568.
35. Mashberg A (1983) Final evaluation of tolonium chloride rinse for screening of high-risk patients with asymptomatic squamous carcinoma. J Am Dent Assoc 106: 319-323.
36. Martin LC, Kerawala CJ, Reed M (1998) The application of toluidine blue as a diagnostic adjunct in the detection of epithelial dyslasia. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 85: 444-446.
37. Missmann M, Jank Siegfried J, Laimer K, Gassner R (2006) A reason for the use of toluidine blue staining in the presurgical management of patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 102: 741-743.
38. Patton LL, Epstein JB, Kerr AR (2008) Adjuncts for oral cancer examination and lesion diagnosis: a systematic review of literature. J Am Dent Assoc 139: 896-905.
39. Epstein JB, Oakley C, Millner A, Emerton S, van der Meij E, Le N (1997) The utility of toluidine blue application as a diagnostic aid in patients previously treated for upper oropharyngeal carcinoma. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 83: 537-547.
40. Guo Z, Yamaguchi K, Sanchez-Cespedes M, Westra WH, Koch WM, Sidransky D (2001) Allelic losses in OraTest-directed biopsies of patients with prior upper aerodigestive tract malignancies. Clin Cancer Res 7: 1963-1968.
41. Epstein JB, Feldman R, Dolor RJ, Porter SR (2003) The utility of tolonium chloride rinse in the diagnosis of recurrent or second primary cancers in patients with prior upper aerodigestive tract cancer. Head Neck 25: 911-921.
42. Epstein JB, Zhang L, Poh C, Nakamura H, Berean K, Rosin M (2003) Increased allelic loss in toluidine blue positive oral malignant lesions. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 95: 45-50.
43. Zhang L, Williams M, Poh CF, Laronde D, Epstein JB, Durham S, Nakamura H, Berean K, Hovan A, Le ND, Hislop G, Priddy R, Hay J, Lam WL, Rosin MP (2005) Toluidine blue staining identifies high-risk primary oral premalignant lesions with poor outcome. Cancer Res 65: 8017-8021.
44. Gandolfo S, Pentenero M, Brocoletti R, Pagano M, Carrozzo M, Scully C (2006) Toluidine blue uptake in potentially malignant oral lesions in vivo: clinical and histological assessment. Oral Oncol 42: 89-95.
45. Epstein JB, Scully C, Spinelli J (1992) Toluidine blue and Lugol's iodine application in the assessment of oral malignant disease and lesions at risk of malignancy. J Oral Pathol Med 21: 160-163.
46. Warnakulasuriya KA, Johnson NW (1996) Sensitivity and specificity of OraScan (R) toluidine blue mouthrinse in the detection of oral cancer and precancer. J Oral Pathol Med 25: 97-103.
47. Epstein JB, Silverman S Jr, Epstein JD, Lonky SA, Bride MA (2008) Analysis of oral lesion biopsies identified and evaluated by visual examination, chemiluminescence and toluidine blue. Oral Oncol 44: 538-544.
48. Ram S, Siar CH (2005) Chemiluminescence as a diagnostic aid in the detection of oral cancer and potentially malignant epithelial dysplasia. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 34: 521-527.
49. Silverman S, Migliorati C, Barbosa J (1984) Toluidine blue staining in the detection of oral precancerous and malignant lesions. Oral Surg 57: 379-382.
50. Russell MD, Gulfraz M, Moss BW (2000) In vivo measurement of color changes in natural teeth. J Oral Rehabil 27: 786-792.
51. Rogers DF (1988) Procedural elements for computer graphics, 4th edn. McGraw-Hill Inc, Singapore, pp 383-410.
52. Park JH, Lee YK, Lim BS (2006) Influence of illuminants on the color distribution of shade guides. J Prosthet Dent 96: 402-411.
53. Williams JL (1990) Oral cancer and precancer: clinical features. Br Dent J 168: 13-17.
54. Mashberg A, Samit A (1995) Early diagnosis of asymptomatic oral and oropharyngeal squamous cancers. CA Cancer J Clin 45: 328-351.
55. Epstein JB, Sciubba J, Silverman S Jr, Sroussi HY (2007) Utility of toluidine blue in oral premalignant lesions and squamous cell carcinoma: continuing research and implications for clinical practice. Head Neck 29: 948-958.
56. Mashberg A (1980) Re-evaluation of toluidine blue application as a diagnostic adjunct in the detection of asymptomatic oral squamous cell carcinoma: a continuing prospective study of oral cancer. Cancer 46: 758-763.
57. Onofre MA, Sposto MR, Navarro CM (2001) Reliability of toluidine blue application in the detection of oral epithelial dysplasia and in situ and invasive squamous cell carcinomas. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 91: 535-540.
58. Da Silva JD, Park SE, Weber HP, Ishikawa-Nagai S (2008) Clinical performance of a newly developed spectrophotometric system on tooth color reproduction. J Prosthet Dent 99: 361-368.
59. Ishikawa-Nagai S, Ishibashi K, Tsuruta O, Weber HP (2005) Reproducibility of tooth color gradation using a computer color-matching technique applied to ceramic restorations. J Prosthet Dent 93: 129-137.
60. Kerawala CJ, Beale V, Reed M, Martin IC (2000) The role of vital tissue staining in the marginal control of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 29: 32-35.
61. Rosenberg D, Cretin S (1989) Use of meta-analysis to evaluate tolonium chloride in oral cancer screening. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 67: 621-627.
62. Jiang WW, Fujii H, Shirai T, Mega H, Takagi M (2001) Accumulative increase of loss of heterozygosity from leukoplakia to foci of early cancerization in leukoplakia of the oral cavity. Cancer 92: 2349-2356.
63. Joiner A, Hopkinson I, Deng Y, Westland S (2008) A review of tooth colour and whiteness. J Dent 365: 52-57.
64. Bayindir F, Bayindir YZ, Gozalo-Diaz DJ, Wee AG (2009) Coverage error of gingival shade guide systems in measuring color of attached anterior gingiva. J Prosthet Dent 101: 46-53.
65. Heydecke G, Schnitzer S, Türp JC (2005) The color of human gingiva and mucosa: visual measurement and description of distribution. Clin Oral Invest 9: 257-265.
66. Patel VL, Kaufman DR, Arocha JF (2002) Emerging paradigms of cognition in medical decision-making. J Biomed Inform 35: 52-75.