"Try to make it seem like we're regular kids": Youth perceptions of restrictiveness in out-of-home care

Children and Youth Services Review

Volumn 33, Issue 7, 2011, Pages 1224-1233

  Rauktis, Mary E ^a   Fusco, Rachael A ^a   Cahalane, Helen ^a   Bennett, Ivory Kierston ^a   Reinhart, Shauna M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

Author keywords

Environmental restrictiveness; Least restrictive environment; Living environment; Restrictiveness Evaluation Measure for children youth

Indexed keywords

EID: 79955771090     PISSN: 01907409     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2011.02.012     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Barber B.K. Parental psychological control: revisiting a neglected construct. Child Development 1996, 67:3296-3319.
2. Barber B.K. Introduction: Adolescent socialization in context-Connection, regulation and autonomy in multiple contexts. Journal of Adolescent Research 1997, 12(2):173-177.
3. Barber B.K. Parental psychological control of children and adolescents 2002, American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.
4. Barber B.K., Olsen J.A. Socialization in context: Connection, regulation and autonomy in the family, school and neighborhood and with peers. Journal of Adolescent Research 1997, 12(2):287-315.
5. Barth R.P. Institutions vs. foster homes: The empirical base for the second century of debate 2002, University of North Carolina, School of Social Work, Jordan Institute for Families, Chapel Hill, NC.
6. Bickman L., Vides de Andrade A.R., Lambert E.W., Doucette A., Sapyta J., Boyd A.S., et al. Youth therapeutic alliance in intensive treatment settings. The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research 2004, 31(2):134-148.
7. Breland-Nobel A.M., Farmer E.M.Z., Dubs M.S., Potter E., Burns B.J. Mental health and other service use by youth in therapeutic foster care and group homes. Journal of Child and Family Studies 2005, 14(2):167-180.
8. Byalin K. In defense of "restrictiveness": A critical concept in consumer-oriented treatment planning. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal 1993, 16(3):93-100.
9. Caplow T., Bahr H.M., Chadwick B.A., Hill R., Williamson M.H. Middletown families 1982, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis.
10. Chamberlain P., Reid J.B. Comparison of two community alternatives to incarceration for chronic juvenile offenders. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 1998, 66:624-633.
11. Collins M.E. Transition to adulthood for vulnerable youths: A review of research and implications for policy. The Social Service Review 2001, 75(2):271-291.
12. Conger K., Conger R.D., Scaramella L.V. Parents, siblings, psychological control and adolescent adjustment. Journal of Adolescent Research 1997, 12:113-138.
13. Cromer G. A comparison of intergenerational relations in the Jewish and non-Jewish family. Adolescence 1978, 13:297-309.
14. Curtis P.A., Alexander G., Lunghofer L.A. A literature review comparing the outcomes of residential group care and therapeutic foster care. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal 2001, 18(5):377-392.
15. Daughtery, L. (2005). Understanding identity development of African-American female adolescents through their foster care experience: "reachin' landin's and turnin' corners". Unpublished dissertation, Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C.
16. Dishion T., McCord J., Poulin F. When interventions harm: Peer groups and problem behavior. The American Psychologist 1999, 54(9):755-764.
17. Douvan E., Adelson J. The adolescent experience 1966, Wiley, New York.
18. Eccles J.S., Early D., Fraser K., Belansky E., McCarthy K. The relation of connection, regulation, and support for autonomy to adolescents' functioning. Journal of Adolescent Research 1997, 12(2):263-286.
19. Farmer E.M., Wagner H.R., Burns B.J., Richards J.T. Treatment foster care in a system of care: sequences and correlates of residential placements. Journal of Child and Family Studies 2003, 12:11-25.
20. Fields S.A., Ogles B.M. Youth functioning and restrictiveness of care: evaluating a continuum of care with the Ohio Scales. New research in mental health: 2002-2003 Biennium 2005, vol. 16:139-146. Ohio Department of Mental Health, Office of Program Evaluation and Research, Columbus, OH. D. Roth, W.J. Lutz (Eds.).
21. Fontanella C.A., Early T.J., Phillips G. Need or availability? Modeling aftercare decisions for psychiatrically hospitalized adolescents. Children and Youth Service Review 2008, 30:758-773.
22. Fox A., Berrick J.D. A response to no one ever asked us: A review of children's experiences in out-of-home care. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal 2007, 24(1):23-51.
23. Friman P.C., Evans J., Larzelere R., Williams G., Daly D.L. Correspondence between child dysfunction and program intrusion: Evidence of a continuum of care across five child mental health programs. Journal of Community Psychology 1993, 21:227-233.
24. Geenen S., Powers L.E. "Tomorrow is another problem": The experiences of youth in foster care during their transition into adulthood. Children and Youth Services Review 2007, 29:1085-1101.
25. Handwerk M.L., Friman P.C., Mott M.A., Stairs J.M. The relationship between program restrictiveness and youth behavior problems. Journal of Emotional & Behavioral Disorders 1998, 6:170-179.
26. Harden B.J. Safety and stability for foster children: A developmental perspective. The Future of Children 2004, 14:31-47.
27. Hargreaves W.A., Gaynor J., Ransohoff R., Attkisson C. Restrictiveness of care among the severely mentally disabled. Hospital & Community Psychiatry 1984, 35(7):706-709.
28. Hawkins R.P., Almeida M.C., Fabry B., Reitz A.L. A scale to measure restrictiveness of living environments for troubled children and youths. Hospital & Community Psychiatry 1992, 43:54-58.
29. Huefner J., Rauktis M.E. Measuring restriction of living environments for children and youth. Paper presented at the Society for Social Work Research January 16-18, 2009 New Orleans, LA 2009, January.
30. Hyde J., Kammerer N. Adolescents' perspectives on placement moves and congregate settings: Couples and cumulative instabilities in out-of-home care. Children and Youth Services Review 2009, 31:265-273.
31. James S., Leslie L., Hurlburt M., Slymen D., Landsverk J., Davis I., et al. Children in out-of-home care: Entry into intensive or restrictive mental health and residential care placements. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders 2006, 14(4):196-208.
32. Johnstone J.W.C. Social change and parent-youth conflict: The problem of generations in English and French Canada. Youth and Society 1975, 7:3-26.
33. Kinloch G.C. Parent-youth conflict at home: An investigation among university freshmen. The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 1970, 40:658-664.
34. Kirven J. Building on strengths of minority adolescents in foster care: A narrative-holistic approach. Child & Youth Care Forum 2000, 29(4):247-263.
35. Kools S.M. Adolescent development in foster care. Family Relations 1997, 46(3):263-271.
36. Lerner R.M., Dowling E.M., Anderson P.M. Positive youth development: thriving as a basis of personhood and civil society. Applied Developmental Science 2003, 3(93):172-180.
37. Lupton C., Nixon P. Empowering practice? A critical appraisal of the family group conferencing approach 1999, The Policy Press, Bristol.
38. Lyman R.D., Campbell N.R. Treating children and adolescents in residential and inpatient settings 1996, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.
39. Lynd R.S., Lynd H.M. Middletown 1929, Harcourt, Brace & Co, New York.
40. Manso A., Rauktis M.E., Boyd A.S. Youth expectations about therapeutic alliance in a residential setting. Residential Treatment for Children and Youth 2008, 25(1):55-72.
41. McCoy H., McMillen J.C., Spitznagel E.L. Older youth leaving the foster care system: who, what, when, where and why?. Children and Youth Services Review 2008, 30:735-745.
42. McCrae J.M., Lee B.R., Barth R.P., Rauktis M.E. Comparing three years of well-being outcomes for youth in group care and nonkinship foster care. Child Welfare 2010, 89(2):229-249.
43. McMillen J.C., Rideout G.B., Fisher R.H., Tucker J. Independent-living services: The views of former foster youth. Families in Society 1997, 78(5):471-479.
44. Mech E.V., Fung C.C. Placement restrictiveness and educational achievement among emancipated foster youth. Research on Social Work Practice 1999, 9:213-228.
45. Mech E.V., Ludy-Dobson D., Hulseman F.S. Life-skills knowledge: A survey of foster adolescents in three placement settings. Children and Youth Services Reviews 1994, 16(3/4):181-200.
46. Montemayor R. Parents and adolescents in conflict: All families some of the time and some families most of the time. Journal of Early Adolescence 1983, 3(1-2):83-103.
47. Nash J.K., Thompson S., Kim J.S. Residential trajectories of participants in North Carolina's Willie-M program. Journal of Social Service Research 2006, 33(1):53-68.
48. Pennsylvania Partnerships for Children Children of color and Pennsylvania's child welfare system. The PorchLight Project 2009, Retrieved from:. http://www.porchlightproject.org/reports/disparity/disparity.pdf/.
49. Pennsylvania Partnerships for Children Growing up and aging out. The PorchLight Project 2009, Retrieved from:. http://www.porchlightproject.org/reports/youth09/aging_out_report.pdf/.
50. Pennsylvania Partnerships for Children The state of child welfare, 2010. The PorchLight Project 2010, Retrieved from:. http://www.porchlightproject.org/reports_and_media_socw10.shtml/.
51. Pettit G.S., Laird R.D., Bates J.E., Dodge K.A., Criss M.M. Antecedents and behavior-problem outcomes of parenting monitoring and psychological control in early adolescence. Child Development 2001, 72:583-598.
52. Rauktis M.E., Huefner J., O'Brien K., Pecora P., Doucette A., Thompson R. Measuring restrictiveness of living environments for children and youth: Re-conceptualizing restriction. The Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders 2009, 17(3):147-163.
53. Samuels G.M., Pryce What doesn't kill you makes you stronger: Survivalist self-reliance as resilience and risk among young adults aging out of foster care. Children and Youth Services Review 2008, 30:1198-1210.
54. Smetana J.G. Adolescents' and parents' reasoning about actual family conflict. Child Development 1989, 60:1052-1067.
55. Spencer R. Review of the book on their own: What happens to kids when they age out of the foster care system. Qualitative Social Work 2007, 6(2):245-250.
56. Steinberg L. We know some things: Parent-adolescent relationships in retrospect and prospect. Presidential address. Journal of Research on Adolescence 2001, 11(1):1-19.
57. Steinberg L. Cognitive and affective development in adolescence. Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2005, 9(2):69-74.
58. Steinberg L. Adolescence 2005, McGraw-Hill, New York. 7th Ed.
59. Thomlison B., Krysik J. The development of an instrument to measure the restrictiveness of children's living environments. Research on Social Work Practice 1992, 2:207-219.
60. U.S.Department of Health and Human Services Administration for Children & Families. Executive Summary. Child Welfare Outcomes 2003-2006: Report to Congress 2006, Retrieved from. http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/cb/pubs/cwo03-06/.
61. Wehmeyer M.L., Bolding N. Self-determination across living and working environments: A matched-samples study of adults with mental retardation. Mental Retardation 1999, 37(5):353-363.
62. Wulczyn F. Foster youth in context. Achieving permanence for older children and youth in foster care 2009, 13-31. Columbia University Press, New York, NY. B. Kerman, M. Freundlich, A. Maluccio (Eds.).
63. Wulczyn F., Hislop K.B. Children in substitute care at age 16: Selected findings from the multistate data archive 2001, Chapin Hall Center for Children at the University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill.