Emotional scenes and facial expressions elicit different psychophysiological responses

International Journal of Psychophysiology

Volumn 80, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 173-181

  Alpers, Georg W ^a,b,d   Adolph, Dirk ^b,c   Pauli, Paul ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HEIDELBERG   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WÜRZBURG   (Germany)

^c RUHR UNIVERSITY BOCHUM   (Germany)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MANNHEIM   (Germany)

Author keywords

Affect modulated startle; Autonomic responses; Emotional facial expressions; Emotional scenes; Valence and arousal ratings

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ANGER; AROUSAL; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; ELECTRODERMAL RESPONSE; EMOTION; FACIAL EXPRESSION; FEMALE; HEART RATE; HUMAN; MALE; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; ORBICULARIS OCULI MUSCLE; PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY; SKIN CONDUCTANCE; STARTLE REFLEX; VISUAL STIMULATION;

ADULT; EMOTIONS; FACIAL EXPRESSION; FACIAL MUSCLES; FEMALE; GALVANIC SKIN RESPONSE; HEART RATE; HUMANS; MALE; PHOTIC STIMULATION; PSYCHOPHYSICS; STARTLE REACTION; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 79955740882     PISSN: 01678760     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2011.01.010     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Adolph D., Alpers G.W. The Intensity of emotional facial expressions and arousal: differences in two sets of facial expressions. Am. J. Psychol. 2010, 123:209-219.
2. Adolphs R. Recognizing emotion from facial expressions: psychological and neurological mechanisms. Behav. Cogn. Neurosci. Rev. 2002, 1:21-62.
3. Alpers G.W. Eye-catching: right hemisphere attentional bias for emotional pictures. Laterality 2008, 13:158-178.
4. Alpers G.W., Gerdes A.B.M. Here's looking at you: emotional faces predominate in binocular rivalry. Emotion 2007, 7:495-506.
5. Alpers G.W., Pauli P. Emotional pictures predominate in binocular rivalry. Cogn. Emot. 2006, 20:596-607.
6. Alpers G.W., Ruhleder M., Walz N., Mühlberger A., Pauli P. Binocular rivalry between emotional stimuli: a validation using conditioned stimuli and EEG. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 2005, 57:25-32.
7. Anokhin A.P., Golosheykin S. Startle modulation by affective faces. Biol. Psychol. 2009, 83:37-40.
8. Azevedo T.M., Volchan E., Imbiriba L.A., Rodrigues E.C., Oliveira J.M., Oliveira L.F., Lutterbach L.G., Vargas C.D. A freezing-like posture to pictures of mutilation. Psychophysiology 2005, 42:255-260.
9. Balaban M.T. Affective influences on startle in five-month-old infants: reactions to facial expressions of emotion. Child Dev. 1995, 66:28-36.
10. Blumenthal T.D., Cuthbert B.N., Filion D.L., Hackley S., Lipp O.V., van Boxtel A. Committee report: guidelines for human startle eyeblink electromyographic studies. Psychophysiology 2005, 42:1-15.
11. Boucsein W. Electrodermal activity 1992, Plenum Press, New York.
12. Bradley B.P., Mogg K., Millar N., Bonham-Carter C., Fergusson E., Jenkins J., Parr M. Attentional biases for emotional faces. Cogn. Emot. 1997, 11:25-42.
13. Bradley M.M., Codispoti M., Cuthbert B.N., Lang P.J. Emotion and motivation I: defensive and appetitive reactions in picture processing. Emotion 2001, 1:276-298.
14. Bradley M.M., Moulder B., Lang P.J. When good things go bad: the reflex physiology of defense. Psychol. Sci. 2005, 16:468-473.
15. Britton J.C., Taylor S.F., Sudheimer K.D., Liberzon I. Facial expressions and complex IAPS pictures: common and differential networks. Neuroimage 2006, 31:906-919.
16. Cuthbert B.N., Bradley M.M., Lang P.J. Probing picture perception: activation and emotion. Psychophysiology 1996, 33:103-111.
17. Davis M., Whalen P.J. The amygdala: vigilance and emotion. Mol. Psychiatry 2001, 6:13-34.
18. Dimberg U. Facial reactions to facial expressions. Psychophysiology 1982, 19:643-647.
19. Dimberg U. Facial electromyography and emotional reactions. Psychophysiology 1990, 27:481-494.
20. Dimberg U., Öhman A. Behold the wrath: psychophysiological responses to facial stimuli. Motiv. Emot. 1996, 20:149-182.
21. Dimberg U., Petterson M. Facial reactions to happy and angry facial expressions: evidence for right hemisphere dominance. Psychophysiology 2000, 37:693-696.
22. Dimberg U., Thunberg M., Elmehed K. Unconscious facial reactions to emotional facial expressions. Psychol. Sci. 2000, 11:86-89.
23. Ekman P., Friesen W. Felt, false, and miserable smiles. J. Nonverbal Behav. 1982, 6:238-252.
24. Eisenbarth, H., Alpers, G.W., in press. Happy eyes and sad mouth: Scanning emotional facial expressions. Emotion.
25. Eisenbarth, H., Gerdes, A.B.M., Alpers, G.W., in press. Motor-Incompatibility of Facial Reactions: The influence of valence and stimulus content on voluntary facial reactions. Journal of Psychophysiology.
26. What the Face Reveals: Basic and Applied Studies of Spontaneous Expression Using the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) 1997, Oxford University Press, London. P. Ekman, E.L. Rosenberg (Eds.).
27. Ekman P., Sorenson E.R., Friesen W.V. Pan-cultural elements in facial displays of emotion. Science 1969, 164:86-88.
28. Farah M.J., Wilson K.D., Drain M., Tanaka J.N. What is "special" about face perception?. Psychol. Rev. 1998, 105:482-498.
29. Fridlund A.J., Cacioppo J.T. Guidelines for human electromyographic research. Psychophysiology 1986, 23:567-589.
30. Fydrich T. SPAI - Soziale Phobie und Angst Inventar. Diagnostische Verfahren in der Psychotherapie 2001, Hogrefe, Göttingen. E. Brähler, J. Schumacher, B. Strauß (Eds.).
31. Gatchel R.J., Lang P.J. Effects of interstimulus interval length and variability on habituation of autonomic components of the orienting response. J. Exp. Psychol. 1974, 103:802-804.
32. Geier A., Mucha R.F., Pauli P. Appetitive nature of drug cues confirmed with physiological measures in a model using pictures of smoking. Psychopharmacology 2000, 150:283-291.
33. Graham F.K. Afterword: pre-attentive processing and passive and active attention. Attention and Orienting: Sensory and Motivational Processes 1997, 417-448. Erlbaum, Mahaw, NJ. P.J. Lang, R.F. Simons, M.T. Balaban (Eds.).
34. Graham F.K., Clifton R.K. Heart-rate change as a component of the orienting response. Psychol. Bull. 1966, 65:305-320.
35. Hansen C.H., Hansen R.D. Finding the face in the crowd: an anger superiority effect. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 1988, 54:917-924.
36. Hariri A.R., Tessitore A., Mattay V.S., Fera F., Weinberger D.R. The amygdala response to emotional stimuli: a comparison of faces and scenes. Neuroimage 2002, 17:317-323.
37. Hess U., Philippot P., Blairy S. Facial reactions to emotional facial expressions: affect or cognition?. Cogn. Emot. 1998, 12:509-531.
38. Hess U., Sabourin G., Kleck R.E. Postauricular and eyeblink startle responses to facial expressions. Psychophysiology 2007, 44:431-435.
39. Hodes R.L., Cook E.W., Lang P.J. Individual differences in autonomic response: conditioned association or conditioned fear?. Psychophysiology 1985, 22:545-560.
40. Johnsen B.H., Thayer J.F., Hugdahl K. Affective judgment of the Ekman faces: a dimensional approach. J. Psychophysiol. 1995, 9:193-202.
41. Lang P.J. The emotion probe: studies of motivation and attention. Am. Psychol. 1995, 50:372-385.
42. Lang P.J., Greenwald M.K., Bradley M.M., Hamm A.O. Looking at pictures: affective, facial, visceral, and behavioral reactions. Psychophysiology 1993, 30:261-273.
43. Lang P.J., Bradley M.M., Cuthbert B.N. Motivated attention: affect, activation, and action. Attention and Orienting: Sensory and Motivational Processes 1997, 97-135. Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ. P.J. Lang, R.F. Simons, M.T. Balaban (Eds.).
44. Lang P.J., Bradley M.M., Cuthbert B.N. International affective picture system (IAPS): affective ratings of pictures and instruction manual. Technical Report A-6 2005, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
45. Larson C.L., Ruffalo D., Nietert J.Y., Davidson R.J. Temporal stability of the emotion-modulated startle response. Psychophysiology 2000, 37:92-101.
46. Larson C.L., Ruffalo D., Nietert J.Y., Davidson R.J. Stability of emotion-modulated startle during short and long picture presentation. Psychophysiology 2005, 42:604-610.
47. Laux L., Schaffner P., Glanzmann P., Spielberger C.D. Das State-Trait Angst Angstinventar (STAI) 1981, Beltz Testgesellschaft, Weinheim.
48. LeDoux J.E. Emotion circuits in the brain. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 2000, 23:155-184.
49. Lee G.P., Meador K.J., Loring D.W., Allison J.D., Brown W.S., Paul L.K., Pillai J.J., Lavin T.B. Neural substrates of emotion as revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Cogn. Behav. Neurol. 2004, 17:9-17.
50. Marsh A.A., Ambady N., Kleck R.E. The effects of fear and anger facial expressions on approach- and avoidance-related behaviors. Emotion 2005, 5:119-124.
51. Merboldt K.D., Fransson P., Bruhn H., Frahm J. Functional MRI of the human amygdala?. Neuroimage 2001, 14:253-257.
52. Merckelbach H., Van Hout W., Van den Hout M.A., Mersch P.P. Psychophysiological and subjective reactions of social phobics and normals to facial stimuli. Behav. Res. Ther. 1989, 27:289-294.
53. Meyer-Lindenberg A., Hariri A.R., Munoz K.E., Mervis C.B., Mattay V.S., Morris C.A., Berman K.F. Neural correlates of genetically abnormal social cognition in Williams syndrome. Nat. Neurosci. 2005, 8:991-993.
54. Mogg K., Bradley B.P. Selective orienting of attention to masked threat faces in social anxiety. Behav. Res. Ther. 2002, 40:1403-1414.
55. Mucha R.F., Geier A., Stuhlinger M., Mundle G. Appetitive effects of drug cues modelled by pictures of the intake ritual: generality of cue-modulated startle examined with inpatient alcoholics. Psychopharmacology 2000, 151:428-432.
56. Müller J.L., Sommer M., Wagner V., Lange K., Taschler H., Roder C.H., Schuierer G., Klein H.E., Hajak G. Abnormalities in emotion processing within cortical and subcortical regions in criminal psychopaths: evidence from a functional magnetic resonance imaging study using pictures with emotional content. Biol. Psychiatry 2003, 54:152-162.
57. Öhman A., Lundqvist D., Esteves F. The face in the crowd revisited: a threat advantage with schematic stimuli. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 2001, 80:381-396.
58. Phan K.L., Wager T.D., Taylor S.F., Liberzon I. Functional neuroimaging studies of human emotions. CNS Spectr. 2004, 9:258-266.
59. Pitkänen A. Connectivity of the rat amygdaloid complex. The Amygdala: a Functional Analysis 2000, Oxford University Press, Oxford. 2 ed. J.P. Aggleton (Ed.).
60. Russell J.A., Bullock M. Multidimensional scaling of emotional facial expressions: similarity from preschoolers to adults. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 1985, 48:1290-1298.
61. Somerville L.H., Kim H., Johnstone T., Alexander A.L., Whalen P.J. Human amygdala responses during presentation of happy and neutral faces: correlations with state anxiety. Biol. Psychiatry 2004, 55:897-903.
62. Spangler G., Emlinger S., Meinhardt J., Hamm A. The specificity of infant emotional expression for emotion perception. Int. J. Psychophysiol. 2001, 41:155-168.
63. Springer U.S., Rosas A., McGetrick J., Bowers D. Differences in startle reactivity during the perception of angry and fearful faces. Emotion 2007, 7:516-525.
64. Tottenham N., Tanaka J.W., Leon A.C., McCarry T., Nurse M., Hare T.A., Marcus D.J., Westerlund A., Casey B.J., Nelson C. The NimStim set of facial expressions: judgments from untrained research participants. Psychiatry Res. 2009, 168:242-249.
65. van Boxtel A., Boelhouwer A.J.W., Bos A.R. Optimal EMG signal bandwidth and interelectrode distance for the recording of acoustic, electrocutaneous and photic blink reflexes. Psychophysiology 1998, 35:690-697.
66. Vrana S.R., Gross D. Reactions to facial expressions: effects of social context and speech anxiety on responses to neutral, anger, and joy expressions. Biol. Psychol. 2004, 66:63-78.
67. Vrana S.R., Spence E.L., Lang P.J. The startle probe response: a new measure of emotion?. J. Abnorm. Psychol. 1988, 97:487-491.
68. Waters A.M., Neumann D.L., Henry J., Craske M.G., Ornitz E.M. Baseline and affective startle modulation by angry and neutral faces in 4-8-year-old anxious and non-anxious children. Biol. Psychol. 2008, 78:10-19.
69. Whalen P.J. Fear, vigilance, and ambiguity: initial neuroimaging studies of the human amygdala. Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci. 1998, 7:177-188.
70. Whalen P.J., Rauch S.C., Etcoff N.L., McInerny S.C., Lee M.B., Jenike M.A. Masked Presentations of Emotional Facial Expressions Modulate Amygdala Activity without Explicit Knowledge. J. Neurosci. 1998, 18:411-418.
71. Whalen P.J., Kagan J., Cook R.G., Davis F.C., Kim H., Polis S., McLaren D.G., Somerville L.H., McLean A.A., Maxwell J.S., Johnstone T. Human amygdala responsivity to masked fearful eye whites. Science 2004, 306:2061.
72. Wild B., Erb M., Bartels M. Are emotions contagious? Evoked emotions while viewing emotionally expressive faces: quality, quantity, time course and gender differences. Psychiatry Res. 2001, 102:109-124.
73. Wolf K., Mass R., Ingenbleek T., Kiefer F., Naber D., Wiedemann K. The facial pattern of disgust, appetence, excited joy and relaxed joy: an improved facial EMG study. Scand. J. Psychol. 2005, 46:403-409.
74. Zald D.H. The human amygdala and the emotional evaluation of sensory stimuli. Brain Res. Rev. 2003, 41:88-123.