21st century nursing practice in Ghana: Challenges and opportunities

International Nursing Review

Volumn 58, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 218-224

  Donkor, N T ^a   Andrews, L D ^b  

^a Canadian University College   (Canada)

^b VALLEY VIEW UNIVERSITY   (Ghana)

Author keywords

Ghana; International nursing education; Nursing migration; Nursing practice; Primary health care

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ECONOMICS; GHANA; HEALTH CARE COST; HEALTH CARE DELIVERY; HEALTH CARE DISPARITY; HUMAN; NURSE; NURSING; NURSING EDUCATION; ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT; PUBLIC OPINION; RURAL POPULATION; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; SOCIOECONOMICS;

DELIVERY OF HEALTH CARE; EDUCATION, NURSING; GHANA; HEALTH EXPENDITURES; HEALTHCARE DISPARITIES; HUMANS; NURSES; NURSING; PUBLIC OPINION; RURAL POPULATION; SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS;

EID: 79955721893     PISSN: 00208132     EISSN: 14667657     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1466-7657.2010.00856.x     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Africa Working Group of the Joint Learning Initiative (2006) The Health Workforce in Africa: Challenges and Prospects. Available at: (accessed 27 July 2010).
2. Akiwumi, A. (1994) In search of the 21st century nurse in Ghana. International Nursing Review, 41, 118-122.
3. Anyinam, C.A. (1989) The social costs of the International Monetary Fund's adjustment programs for poverty: the case of health care development in Ghana. International Journal of Health Services, 19, 531-547.
4. Barnett, T., Namasivayam, P. & Narudin, D.A.A. (2010) A critical review of the nursing shortage in Malaysia. International Nursing Review, 57, 32-39.
5. Batse, Z.K.M., Botschie, G. & Agyeman-Mensah, M. (1999) Integrating Capacity Building within the Context of Social Policies for Poverty Reduction in Ghana. IDRC, Dakar.
6. Berry, L.V. (1994) Ghana: A Country Study. GPO for the Library of Congress, Washington, DC.
7. Chikanda, A. (2005) Nurse migration from Zimbabwe: analysis of recent trends and impacts. Nursing Inquiry, 12, 162-174.
8. Enyimayew, K. (1988) Cost and financing of drugs supplied in Ghana: the Ashanti-Akim Experience. Paper presented at WHO Conference, Geneva.
9. Ghana Ministry of Health (1995) Ghana Health Sector Support Program. Proposal prepared fro the World Bank by the Ghana Ministry of Health, Ministry of Health, Accra.
10. Ghana Statistical Service (1992) Ghana Living Standard Survey. GSS, Accra.
11. Health Sector Support Office (HSSO) of Ghana (2001) Community Health Nursing in Health Care Delivery in Ghana. HSSO, Accra.
12. Institute of Statistical, Social and Economic Research at the University of Ghana (2003) State of the Ghana Economy. University of Ghana Publishing, Accra.
13. International Council of Nurses (2006) The ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses. Imprimerie Fornara, Geneva.
14. Kisseih, D.A.N. (1968) Developments in nursing in Ghana. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 5, 205-219.
15. Kollar, S.J. & Ailinger, R.L. (2002) International clinical experiences: long-term impact on studies. Nursing Educator, 27(1), 28-31.
16. McCrae, R.R. & Costa, P.T. (1991) The NEO personality inventory: using the five-factor model in counseling. Journal of Counseling and Development, 69, 367-372.
17. Ogilvie, L., Allen, M., Laryea, J. & Opare, M. (2003) Building capacity through collaborative international nursing project. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 35, 113-118.
18. Oppong, J.R. (2000) Structural adjustment and the health care system. In IMF and World Bank Sponsored Structural Adjustment Programs in Africa: Ghana's Experience, 1983-1999 (Konadu-Agyeman, K., ed.). Ashgate Publ., Farnham, Surrey, UK.
19. Oppong, J.R. & Williamson, D.A. (1996) Health care between the cracks: itinerant drug vendors and HIV-AIDS in West Africa. African Rural and Urban Studies, 3, 13-34.
20. Patterson, K.D. (1981) Health in Colonial Ghana: Disease, Medicine, and Socio-Economic Change, 1900-1950. Crossroads, Waltham, MA.
21. Rose, H. (1987) Teaching nursing in Ghana, 1957 to 1964: a personal experience. Bulletin of History of Nursing, 2, 4-18.
22. Seers, D. (1969) The meaning of development. International Development Review, 11(4), 3-4.
23. Sparacio, D.C. (2005) Winged migration: international nurse recruitment - friend or foe to the nursing crisis? Journal of Nursing Law, 10, 97-115.
24. Talley, B. (2006) Nurses and nursing education in Ghana: creating collaborative opportunities. International Nursing Review, 53, 47-51.
25. World Health Report (2006) Working Together for Health. WHO, Geneva. Available at: (accessed 27 July 2010).
26. Twumasi, P.A. (1979) A social history of the Ghanaian pluralistic medical system. Social Sciences and Medicine, 13(4), 349-365.
27. UNICEF (2007) The State of the World's Children. Available at: (accessed 27 July 2010).
28. United Nations Development Programme (2009) Human Development Report. Available at: (accessed 27 July 2010).
29. Vujicic, M., etal. (2004) The role of wages in the migration of health care professionals from developing countries. Human Resources for Health, 2, 3.
30. WHO (2001) Ghana. Available at: (accessed 22 July 2009).
31. WHO (2005) Ghana. Available at: (accessed 22 July 2009).
32. WHO (2006) Ghana. Available at: (accessed 27 July 27, 2010).
33. WHO (2008) Ghana. Available at:. (accessed 27 July 27, 2010).
34. WHO (2009) Case Study Summaries. Available at:. (accessed 27 July 2010).
35. World Health Statistics Annual (2006) WHO Statistical Information System: Documents and Tables. Available at: (accessed 22 July 2009).