Research and development perspectives of transgenic cotton: Evidence from patent landscape studies

Journal of Intellectual Property Rights

Volumn 16, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 139-153

  Kalpana Sastry, S ^a   Rashmi, H B ^a   Badri, Jyothi ^a  

^a National Academy of Agricultural Research Management India   (India)

Author keywords

Agri biotechnology; Bt cotton; Patent landscape; Transgenics

Indexed keywords

EID: 79955629984     PISSN: 09717544     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Jenkins J, Environmental toxicology and chemistry memo, 1992, Oregon State University Extension Service, http://extoxnet.orst.edu/tics/b_t.txt (2 January 2011).
2. Biocontrol Files, 3 (2005) http://www.biocontrol.ca/pdf/biocontrolfiles3final.pdf (11 January 2011).
3. Pray C E, Ramaswami B and Kelley T, The impact of economic reforms on R&D by the Indian seed industry, Food Policy, 26 (6) (2001) 587-598.
4. Serdy F S, Proc of Workshop of Bt-Technology for Agriculture. Kasestart University (National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Bangkok), 1995.
5. Johnie N Jenkins, in Pest Control with Enhanced Environmental Safety, edited by Stephen O Duke, Julius J Menn, Jack R Plimmer, ACS Symposium Series, 1993, p. 267-280.
6. Karihaloo J L and Kumar P A, Bt Cotton in India-A Status Report, 2nd edn (Asia-Pacific Consortium on Agricultural Biotechnology (APCoAB), New Delhi, India), 2009, p. 56.
7. Ramaswami B and Pray C E in The Gene Revolution: GM Crops and Unequal Development, edited by S Fukuda-Parr (Earthscan, London), 2007.
8. Choudhary B and Gaur K, Bt Cotton in India: A Country Profile, ISAAA Series of Biotech Crop Profiles, (ISAAA: Ithaca, NY), 2010.
9. Kochhar S, Institutions and capacity building for the evolution of intellectual property rights regime in India: IIIConformity and enforcement issues, Journal of Intellectual Property Rights, 13(3) (2008) 239-244.
10. http://www.plantauthority.gov.in/pdf/new.pdf and http://www. plantauthority.gov.in/pdf/extant.pdf (10 January 2011).
11. James C, Global status of commercialized biotech/GM crops: 2009, ISAAA brief no 41 (ISAAA, Ithaca, NY), 2009.
12. Biospectrum-ABLE Survey, Growth Slows (Vol.-I), Biospectrum Magazine, Bangalore, India. June 2009. http://biospectrumindia.ciol.com/content/CoverStory/10906091.asp (2008).
13. Chi-Ham C, Clark K L and Bennett A B, The intellectual property landscape for gene suppression technologies in plants, Nature Biotechnology, 28 (1) (2010) 32-36.
14. Bengisu M and Nekhili R, Forecasting emerging technologies with the aid of science and technology databases, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 73 (7) (2006) 835-44.
15. Sastry Kalpana R, Rashmi H B and Rao N H, Nanotechnology patents as R&D indicators for disease management strategies in agriculture, Journal of Intellectual Property Rights, 15 (3) (2010) 197-205.
16. iPAIRS, the Indian Patent Information Retrieval System, is a free search portal launched since 2009 by the Indian Patent Office, http://ipindia.nic.in/ipirs1/patentsearch.htm (4 January 2010).
17. Charles D in Lords of Harvest: Biotech, Big Money and Future of Food (Perseus Publishing, Cambridge, Masschusetts), 2000, p. 109-125.
18. Daim Tugrul U, Rueda G, Martin H, Gerdsri P, Forecasting emerging technologies: Use of bibliometrics and patent analysis, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 73 (8) (2006) 981-1012.
19. OECD Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard: Towards a Knowledge-based Economy, (OECD Publishing) 2001, p. 60.
20. Monsanto spends US$ 8 billion acquiring, or establishing relationships with, several US and foreign seed companies. The list of companies includes: Calgene Inc, Asgrow Agronomics, Asgrow and Stine Seed, Agracetus, Holden's Foundation Seeds Inc, Monsoy (a Brazilian soybean company), Cargill's international seed divisions (with operations in Asia, Africa, Europe, and Central and South America), Plant Breeding International and DeKalb Genetics (the world's second largest seed company) http://www.historycommons.org/entity.jsp?entity=agracetus (15 January 2010).
21. Krattiger A F, Insect resistance in crops: A case study of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and its transfer to developing countries, ISAAA briefs 2, 1997, http://www.isaaa.org/resources/publications/briefs/02/default.html (15 January 2010).
22. Bijman J, Agracetus, Patenting all transgenetic cotton, Biotechnology and Development Monitor, 21 (1994) 8-9.
23. http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/node/31261 (13 January 2010).
24. Global challenges and directions for agricultural biotechnology: Workshop report, (National Academy of Sciences) 2008, http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12216.html (12 December 2010).
25. iPAIRS includes full specifications of Indian patents (HTML for more recent publications, and PDF for older publications), legal status and register information (in a beta phase as of the 2010 release), copies of the weekly 'Patent Office Journal' issued by the IPO, an 'application status' search function, which was expanded in September 2010 to provide access to examination reports, specifically the 'first examination report' or FER. As of September 2010, the system contained FERs back through January 2009, a gradually continues addition of older reports. After the addition of the examination reports to the iPairs legal status, the system can now be used to obtain information equivalent to a full file wrapper for Indian patent documents, including bibliographic information, abstracts, full specifications, and legal status data, http://www.epo.org/about-us/publications/patent-information/news/2010.html (21 September 2010).
26. http://124.124.220.66/patentpublishedsearch/Guidelines.pdf (21 September 2010).
27. As announced in December 2007; effective 1 January 2008, http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=George_Kutty, http://www.patentofficeonline.info/ (20 November 2010).
28. Murugkar Milind, Ramaswami Bharat and Shelar Mahesh, Liberalization, biotechnology and the private seed sector: The case of India's cotton seed market, Discussion paper 06-05 (Indian Statistical Institute, New Delhi), 2006, p. 1-92.
29. IPC version 2009, http://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/classifications/ipc/en/guide/guide_ipc_2009.pdf (20 November 2010).
30. Trippe Anthony J, Patinformatics: Tasks to tools, World Patent Information, 25 (3) (2003) 211-221.
31. Schnepf E et al., Bacillus thurigiensis and its pesticidal crystal proteins, Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 62 (3) (1998) 775-806.
32. Yu X et al., Characterization of vegetable insecticide proteins vip genes of Bacillus thuringiensis from Sichuan Basin in China, Current Microbiology, 62 (3) (2010) 752-757.
33. Corbin David R and Romano Charles P, Methods for transforming plants to express delta-endotoxins, US Pat Appl No 20070028324A1 (No assignee indicated), 1 February 2007.
34. Hernandez Carmen Sara, Vliet Adri Van, Van Rie Jeroen and Manzanero Juan Ferre, Bollworm insect resistance management in transgenic plants, US Pat Appl No 20090313717A1 (No assignee indicated), 17 December 2009.
35. Manzanero Juan Ferre, Armyworm insect resistance management in transgenic plants, WO 2009132850A1 (to Bayer Bioscience NV), 5 November 2009.
36. Hernandez Carmen Sara, Vliet Adri Van, Van Rie Jeroen, Manzanero Juan Ferre, Bollworm insect resistance management in transgenic plants, WO 2009149787A1, (to Bayer Bioscience NV), 17 December 2009.
37. Richard Seymour, Osmium-The patent landscape: A visualization of the technology described in patents relating to osmium, Platinum Metals Review, 50 (1) (2006) 27-28.