Invited commentary: Causation or noitasuaC

American Journal of Epidemiology

Volumn 173, Issue 9, 2011, Pages 984-987

  Schisterman, Enrique ^a   Whitcomb, Brian ^b   Bowers, Katherine ^a  

^a EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS   (United States)

Author keywords

breast feeding; causality; confounding

Indexed keywords

ANALYTICAL METHOD; BREASTFEEDING; EPIDEMIOLOGY; STUDY METHOD; TEMPORAL ANALYSIS;

ARTICLE; BODY WEIGHT; CAUSAL MODELING; HEALTH BEHAVIOR; HUMAN; LACTATION; MENARCHE; STATISTICAL MODEL;

BIAS (EPIDEMIOLOGY); BREAST FEEDING; DATA INTERPRETATION, STATISTICAL; HUMANS; INFANT; MENARCHE; MODELS, STATISTICAL; RESEARCH DESIGN; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 79955590796     PISSN: 00029262     EISSN: 14766256     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwq499     Document Type: Article

References (12)

1. Al-Sahab B, Adair L, Hamadeh M, et al. Impact of breastfeeding duration on age at menarche. Am J Epidemiol. 2011;173(9):971-977.
2. Kramer MS, Moodie EEM, Dahhou M, et al. Breastfeeding and infant size: evidence of reverse causality. Am J Epidemiol. 2011;173(9):978-983.
3. Hediger ML, Overpeck MD, Kuczmarski RJ, et al. Association between infant breastfeeding and overweight in young children. JAMA. 2001;285(19):2453-2460. (Pubitemid 32433838)
4. Moodie E, Platt R, Kramer M. Estimating response-maximized decision rules with applications to breastfeeding. J Am Stat Assoc. 2009;104(485):155-165.
5. Hill AB. The environment and disease: association or causation? Proc R Soc Med. 1965;58:295-300.
6. Robins JM. Causal models for estimating the effects of weight gain on mortality. Int J Obes (Lond). 2008;32(suppl 3):S15-S41.
7. Flanders WD, Augestad LB. Adjusting for reverse causality in the relationship between obesity and mortality. Int J Obes (Lond). 2008;32(suppl 3):S42-S46.
8. Schisterman EF, Cole SR, Platt RW. Overadjustment bias and unnecessary adjustment in epidemiologic studies. Epidemiology. 2009;20(4):488-495.
9. Cole SR, Platt RW, Schisterman EF, et al. Illustrating bias due to conditioning on a collider. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39(2): 417-420.
10. Platt RW, Schisterman EF, Cole SR. Time-modified confounding. Am J Epidemiol. 2009;170(6):687-694.
11. Robins JM, Hernán MA, Brumback B. Marginal structural models and causal inference in epidemiology. Epidemiology. 2000;11(5):550-560. (Pubitemid 30660034)
12. Godfrey JR, Lawrence RA. Toward optimal health: the maternal benefits of breastfeeding. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2010;19(9):1597-1602.