메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 52, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 503-513

Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of pediatric ascites

Author keywords

Diagnosis; etiology; management; pathophysiology; pediatric ascites

Indexed keywords

ALBUMIN; FUROSEMIDE; SPIRONOLACTONE;

EID: 79955563781     PISSN: 02772116     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/MPG.0b013e318213f9f6     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (51)

References (179)
  • 1
    • 0012416612 scopus 로고
    • Normal histology and ultrastructure
    • Wright R Alberti KGMM Karran S et al London: WB Saunders
    • Millward-Sadler GH, Jezequel AM. Normal histology and ultrastructure. In: Wright R, Alberti KGMM, Karran S, et al. Liver and Biliary Disease. London: WB Saunders; 1979.
    • (1979) Liver and Biliary Disease
    • Millward-Sadler, G.H.1    Jezequel, A.M.2
  • 4
    • 0034954945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ascites following ventriculoperitoneal shunting in children with chiasmatic-hypothalamic glioma
    • DOI 10.1007/s003810100460
    • Gil Z, Beni-Adani L, Siomin V, et al. Ascites following ventriculoperitoneal shunting in children with chiasmatic-hypothalamic glioma. Childs Nerv Syst 2001;17:395-8. (Pubitemid 32591004)
    • (2001) Child's Nervous System , vol.17 , Issue.7 , pp. 395-398
    • Gil, Z.1    Beni-Adani, L.2    Siomin, V.3    Nagar, H.4    Dvir, R.5    Constantini, S.6
  • 5
    • 0002769002 scopus 로고
    • Recent progress in the physiology and biochemistry of the liver
    • Freeman S. Recent progress in the physiology and biochemistry of the liver. Med Clin North Am 1953;1:109-24.
    • (1953) Med. Clin. North Am. , vol.1 , pp. 109-124
    • Freeman, S.1
  • 6
    • 0006143732 scopus 로고
    • The mechanism of ascites a physiologic appraisal
    • Hyatt RE, Smith JR. The mechanism of ascites, a physiologic appraisal. Am J Med 1954;16:434-8.
    • (1954) Am. J. Med. , vol.16 , pp. 434-438
    • Hyatt, R.E.1    Smith, J.R.2
  • 7
    • 0027514157 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of sodium retention and ascites formation in cirrhosis
    • Arroyo V, Gines P. Mechanism of sodium retention and ascites formation in cirrhosis. J Hepatol 1993;17(Suppl 2):S24-8. (Pubitemid 23100212)
    • (1993) Journal of Hepatology , vol.17 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Arroyo, V.1    Gines, P.2
  • 8
    • 28844490547 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural history and prognostic indicators of survival in cirrhosis: A systematic review of 118 studies
    • DOI 10.1016/j.jhep.2005.10.013, PII S0168827805006847
    • D'Amico G, Garcia-Tsao G, Pagliaro L. Natural history and prognostic indicators of survival in cirrhosis: a systematic review of 118 studies. J Hepatol 2006;44:217-31. (Pubitemid 41772537)
    • (2006) Journal of Hepatology , vol.44 , Issue.1 , pp. 217-231
    • D'Amico, G.1    Garcia-Tsao, G.2    Pagliaro, L.3
  • 9
    • 39849107736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemodynamic alterations in liver cirrhosis
    • La Villa G, Gentilini P. Hemodynamic alterations in liver cirrhois. Mol Aspects Med 2008;29:112-8.
    • (2008) Mol. Aspects Med. , vol.29 , pp. 112-118
    • La Villa, G.1    Gentilini, P.2
  • 10
    • 37549018061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathophysiology of ascites and dilutional hyponatremia: Contemporary use of aquaretic agents
    • Leiva JG, Salgado JM, Estradas J, et al. Pathophysiology of ascites and dilutional hyponatremia: contemporary use of aquaretic agents. Ann Hepatol 2007;6:214-21.
    • (2007) Ann. Hepatol. , vol.6 , pp. 214-221
    • Leiva, J.G.1    Salgado, J.M.2    Estradas, J.3
  • 11
    • 0020028964 scopus 로고
    • Role of vasopressin in abnormal water excretion in cirrhotic patients
    • Bichet D, Szatalowicz V, Chaimovitz C, et al. Role of vasopressin in abnormal water excretion in cirrhotic patients. Ann Intern Med 1982;96:413-7. (Pubitemid 12139861)
    • (1982) Annals of Internal Medicine , vol.96 , Issue.4 , pp. 413-417
    • Bichet, D.1    Szatalowicz, V.2    Chaimovitz, C.3
  • 12
    • 0033460278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogenetic factors and clinical elements in ascites and hepatorenal syndrome during liver cirrhosis
    • Gentilini P, Laffi G, La Villa G, et al. Pathogenetic factors and clinical elements in ascites and hepatorenal syndrome during liver cirrhosis. Ann Ital Med Int 1999;14:264-84. (Pubitemid 30007164)
    • (1999) Annali Italiani di Medicina Interna , vol.14 , Issue.4 , pp. 264-284
    • Gentilini, P.1    Laffi, G.2    La Villa, G.3    Raggi, V.C.4
  • 13
    • 70349248249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular hyporesponsiveness to angiotensin II in rats with CCl 4-induced liver cirrhosis
    • Hennenberg M, Trebicka J, Kohistani AZ, et al. Vascular hyporesponsiveness to angiotensin II in rats with CCl(4)-induced liver cirrhosis. Eur J Clin Invest 2009;39:906-13.
    • (2009) Eur. J. Clin. Invest , vol.39 , pp. 906-913
    • Hennenberg, M.1    Trebicka, J.2    Kohistani, A.Z.3
  • 15
    • 0018696624 scopus 로고
    • Transsinusoidal fluid dynamics in canine liver during venous hypertension
    • Laine GA, Hall JT, Laine SH, et al. Transsinusoidal fluid dynamics in canine liver during venous hypertension. Circ Res 1979;45:317-23. (Pubitemid 10222857)
    • (1979) Circulation Research , vol.45 , Issue.3 , pp. 317-323
    • Laine, G.A.1    Hall, J.T.2    Laine, S.H.3    Granger, H.J.4
  • 17
    • 0023723369 scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of sodium and water retention in high-output and low-output cardiac failure nephrotic syndrome cirrhosis and pregnancy 2
    • Schrier RW. Pathogenesis of sodium and water retention in high-output and low-output cardiac failure, nephrotic syndrome, cirrhosis, and pregnancy (2). N Engl J Med 1988;319:1127-34.
    • (1988) N Engl. J. Med. , vol.319 , pp. 1127-1134
    • Schrier, R.W.1
  • 18
    • 0028130433 scopus 로고
    • The causes and natural history of fetal ascites
    • DOI 10.1002/pd.1970141008
    • Zelop C, Benacerraf BR. The causes and natural history of fetal ascites. Prenat Diagn 1994;14:941-6. (Pubitemid 24339701)
    • (1994) Prenatal Diagnosis , vol.14 , Issue.10 , pp. 941-946
    • Zelop, C.1    Benacerraf, B.R.2
  • 20
    • 0025109944 scopus 로고
    • Hepatic fibrosis in congenital cytomegalovirus infection: With fetal ascites and pulmonary hypoplasia
    • Sun CC, Keene CL, Nagey DA. Hepatic fibrosis in congenital cytomegalovirus infection: with fetal ascites and pulmonary hypoplasia. Pediatr Pathol 1990;10:641-6. (Pubitemid 20356355)
    • (1990) Pediatric Pathology , vol.10 , Issue.4 , pp. 641-646
    • Sun, C.-C.J.1    Keene, C.L.2    Nagey, D.A.3
  • 21
    • 0022378872 scopus 로고
    • Congenital cytomegalovirus infection presenting as massive ascites with secondary pulmonary hypoplasia
    • Stocker JT. Congenital cytomegalovirus infection presenting as massive ascites with secondary pulmonary hypoplasia. Hum Pathol 1985; 16:1173-5. (Pubitemid 16215069)
    • (1985) Human Pathology , vol.16 , Issue.11 , pp. 1173-1175
    • Stocker, J.T.1
  • 22
    • 0023911583 scopus 로고
    • Outcome for fetus with ascites and cytomegalovirus infection
    • Binder ND, Buckmaster JW, Benda GI. Outcome for fetus with ascites and cytomegalovirus infection. Pediatrics 1988;82:100-3.
    • (1988) Pediatrics , vol.82 , pp. 100-103
    • Binder, N.D.1    Buckmaster, J.W.2    Benda, G.I.3
  • 23
    • 0036709929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome of pregnancies with vertical transmission of primary cytomegalovirus infection
    • DOI 10.1016/S0029-7844(02)02091-4, PII S0029784402020914
    • Lipitz S, Achiron R, Zalel Y, et al. Outcome of pregnancies with vertical transmission of primary cytomegalovirus infection. Obstet Gynecol 2002;100:428-33. (Pubitemid 35246127)
    • (2002) Obstetrics and Gynecology , vol.100 , Issue.3 , pp. 428-433
    • Lipitz, S.1    Achiron, R.2    Zalel, Y.3    Mendelson, E.4    Tepperberg, M.5    Gamzu, R.6
  • 26
    • 0029119545 scopus 로고
    • The natural history of meconium peritonitis diagnosed in utero
    • Dirkes K, Crombleholme TM, Craigo SD, et al. The natural history of meconium peritonitis diagnosed in utero. J Pediatr Surg 1995;30:979-82.
    • (1995) J. Pediatr. Surg. , vol.30 , pp. 979-982
    • Dirkes, K.1    Crombleholme, T.M.2    Craigo, S.D.3
  • 27
    • 0017337598 scopus 로고
    • Thoracic and abdominal extravasation: A complication of hyperalimentation in infants
    • Spriggs DW, Brantley RE. Thoracic and abdominal extravasation: a complication of hyperalimentation in infants. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1977;128:419-22. (Pubitemid 8051588)
    • (1977) American Journal of Roentgenology , vol.128 , Issue.3 , pp. 419-422
    • Spriggs, D.W.1    Brantley, R.E.2
  • 28
    • 40749088524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraperitoneal extravasation of total parental nutrition infusate from an umbilical venous catheter
    • Shareena I, Khu YS, Cheah FC. Intraperitoneal extravasation of total parental nutrition infusate from an umbilical venous catheter. Singapore Med J 2008;49:e35-6. (Pubitemid 351488555)
    • (2008) Singapore Medical Journal , vol.49 , Issue.2
    • Shareena, I.1    Khu, Y.S.2    Cheah, F.C.3
  • 29
    • 0036434915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neonatal ascites and hyponatraemia following umbilical venous catheterization
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1440-1754.2002.00051.x
    • Mohan MS, Patole SK. Neonatal ascites and hyponatraemia following umbilical venous catheterization. J Paediatr Child Health 2002;38: 612-4. (Pubitemid 35370574)
    • (2002) Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health , vol.38 , Issue.6 , pp. 612-614
    • Mohan, M.S.1    Patole, S.K.2
  • 30
    • 0022613565 scopus 로고
    • Bladder injury and uroascites from umbilical artery catheterization
    • Dmochowski RR, Crandell SS, Corriere JN Jr. Bladder injury and uroascites from umbilical artery catheterization. Pediatrics 1986;77: 421-2. (Pubitemid 16113602)
    • (1986) Pediatrics , vol.77 , Issue.3 , pp. 421-422
    • Dmochowski, R.R.1    Crandell, S.S.2    Corriere Jr., J.N.3
  • 31
    • 0021333049 scopus 로고
    • The transected urachus: An unusual cause of neonatal ascites
    • Hepworth RC, Milstein JM. The transected urachus: an unusual cause of neonatal ascites. Pediatrics 1984;73:397-400. (Pubitemid 14193888)
    • (1984) Pediatrics , vol.73 , Issue.3 , pp. 397-400
    • Hepworth, R.C.1    Milstein, J.M.2
  • 32
    • 79955567599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eosinophilic enteritis as a rare cause of ascites: Case report
    • Zegarra A, Garcia C, Piscoya A, et al. Eosinophilic enteritis as a rare cause of ascites: case report. Rev Gastroenterol Peru 2009;29:272-5.
    • (2009) Rev. Gastroenterol. Peru. , vol.29 , pp. 272-275
    • Zegarra, A.1    Garcia, C.2    Piscoya, A.3
  • 35
    • 0019991921 scopus 로고
    • Pleural effusion and ascites. Unusual presenting features in a pediatric patient with vitamin A intoxication
    • Rosenberg HK, Berezin S, Heyman S, et al. Pleural effusion and ascites: unusual presenting features in a pediatric patient with vitamin A intoxication. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 1982;21:435-40. (Pubitemid 12050207)
    • (1982) Clinical Pediatrics , vol.21 , Issue.7 , pp. 435-440
    • Rosenberg, H.K.1    Berezin, S.2    Heyman, S.3
  • 37
    • 0025726524 scopus 로고
    • Pancreatic ascites presenting in infancy with review of the literature
    • Athow AC, Wilkinson ML, Saunders AJ, et al. Pancreatic ascites presenting in infancy, with review of the literature. Dig Dis Sci 1991;36:245-50.
    • (1991) Dig. Dis. Sci. , vol.36 , pp. 245-250
    • Athow, A.C.1    Wilkinson, M.L.2    Saunders, A.J.3
  • 38
    • 0141762639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pancreatic ascites in an infant: Lack of symptoms and normal amylase
    • Saps M, Slivka A, Khan S, et al. Pancreatic ascites in an infant: lack of symptoms and normal amylase. Dig Dis Sci 2003;48:1701-4.
    • (2003) Dig. Dis. Sci. , vol.48 , pp. 1701-174
    • Saps, M.1    Slivka, A.2    Khan, S.3
  • 39
    • 0029933420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ascites pleural and pericardial effusions in acute pancreatitis a prospective study of incidence natural history and prognostic role
    • Maringhini A, Ciambra M, Patti R, et al. Ascites, pleural, and pericardial effusions in acute pancreatitis. A prospective study of incidence, natural history, and prognostic role. Dig Dis Sci 1996;41:848-52.
    • (1996) Dig. Dis. Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 848-852
    • Maringhini, A.1    Ciambra, M.2    Patti, R.3
  • 40
    • 79955558179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ascites and bacterial peritonitis
    • Sleisenger MH Fordtran JS eds 9th ed.Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier
    • Runyon BA. Ascites and bacterial peritonitis. In: Sleisenger MH, Fordtran JS, eds. Gastrointestinal Disease: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management. 9th ed.Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier; 2010.
    • (2010) Gastrointestinal Disease: Pathophysiology Diagnosis Management
    • Runyon, B.A.1
  • 42
    • 0026748227 scopus 로고
    • The rational clinical examination does this patient have ascites how to divine fluid in the abdomen
    • Williams JW Jr, Simel DL. The rational clinical examination. Does this patient have ascites? How to divine fluid in the abdomen. JAMA 1992;267:2645-8.
    • (1992) JAMA , vol.267 , pp. 2645-2648
    • Williams Jr., J.W.1    Simel, D.L.2
  • 43
    • 0032195653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accuracy of clinical manoeuvres in detection of minimal ascites
    • Chongtham DS, Singh MM, Kalantri SP, et al. Accuracy of clinical manoeuvres in detection of minimal ascites. Indian J Med Sci 1998;52:514-20.
    • (1998) Indian J. Med. Sci. , vol.52 , pp. 514-520
    • Chongtham, D.S.1    Singh, M.M.2    Kalantri, S.P.3
  • 44
    • 79955551797 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the liver
    • Aynsley-Green AC ed. London: Churchhill Livingstone
    • Tanner S. Assessment of the liver. In: Aynsley-Green AC, ed. Paediatric Hepatology. London: Churchhill Livingstone; 1989: 4.
    • (1989) Paediatric Hepatology , vol.4
    • Tanner, S.1
  • 45
    • 2442701077 scopus 로고
    • The peritoneum and the diaphragm
    • Rumack CM Wilson SR Charboneau JW eds St Louis: Mosby -Year Book;
    • Nguyen KT, Sauerbrei EE, Nolan RL. The peritoneum and the diaphragm. In: Rumack CM, Wilson SR, Charboneau JW, eds. Diagnostic Ultrasound. St Louis: Mosby-Year Book; 1991.
    • (1991) Diagnostic Ultrasound
    • Nguyen, K.T.1    Sauerbrei, E.E.2    Nolan, R.L.3
  • 46
    • 0021274429 scopus 로고
    • Sonographic evidence of intraperitoneal fluid. An experimental study and its clinical implications
    • Dinkel E, Lehnart R, Troger J, et al. Sonographic evidence of intraperitoneal fluid. An experimental study and its clinical implications. Pediatr Radiol 1984;14:299-303. (Pubitemid 14084173)
    • (1984) Pediatric Radiology , vol.14 , Issue.5 , pp. 299-303
    • Dinkel, E.1    Lehnart, R.2    Troger, J.3
  • 47
    • 0009527314 scopus 로고
    • Abdominal wall and peritoneal cavity
    • Lee JKT Sagel SS eds New York: Raven Press
    • Heiken JP. Abdominal wall and peritoneal cavity. In: Lee JKT, Sagel SS, eds. Computed Body Tomography. New York: Raven Press; 1989.
    • (1989) Computed Body Tomography
    • Heiken, J.P.1
  • 48
    • 0028908688 scopus 로고
    • Acute pancreatitis in children: CT findings of intra- and extrapancreatic fluid collections
    • King LR, Siegel MJ, Balfe DM. Acute pancreatitis in children: CT findings of intra- and extrapancreatic fluid collections. Radiology 1995;195:196-200.
    • (1995) Radiology , vol.195 , pp. 196-200
    • King, L.R.1    Siegel, M.J.2    Balfe, D.M.3
  • 51
  • 52
    • 0023004134 scopus 로고
    • Paracentesis of ascitic fluid. A safe procedure
    • DOI 10.1001/archinte.146.11.2259
    • Runyon BA. Paracentesis of ascitic fluid.A safe procedure. Arch Intern Med 1986;146:2259-61. (Pubitemid 17189105)
    • (1986) Archives of Internal Medicine , vol.146 , Issue.11 , pp. 2259-2261
    • Runyon, B.A.1
  • 54
    • 0020609405 scopus 로고
    • Serum-ascites albumin concentration gradient: A physiologic approach to the differential diagnosis of ascites
    • Pare P, Talbot J, Hoefs JC. Serum-ascites albumin concentration gradient: a physiologic approach to the differential diagnosis of ascites. Gastroenterology 1983;85:240-4. (Pubitemid 13070904)
    • (1983) Gastroenterology , vol.85 , Issue.2 , pp. 240-244
    • Pare, P.1    Talbot, J.2    Hoefs, J.C.3
  • 55
    • 0029205096 scopus 로고
    • Portal venous pressure and the serum-ascites albumin concentration gradient
    • Harjai KJ, Kamble MS, Ashar VJ, et al. Portal venous pressure and the serum-ascites albumin concentration gradient. Cleve Clin J Med 1995;62:62-7.
    • (1995) Cleve. Clin. J. Med. , vol.62 , pp. 62-67
    • Harjai, K.J.1    Kamble, M.S.2    Ashar, V.J.3
  • 56
    • 0021234781 scopus 로고
    • Superiority of the serum-ascites albumin difference over the ascites total protein concentration in separation of 'transudative' and exudative' ascites
    • Rector WG Jr, Reynolds TB. Superiority of the serum-ascites albumin difference over the ascites total protein concentration in separation of ''transudative'' and ''exudative'' ascites. Am J Med 1984;77:83-5. (Pubitemid 14084910)
    • (1984) American Journal of Medicine , vol.77 , Issue.1 , pp. 83-85
    • Rector Jr., W.G.1    Reynolds, T.B.2
  • 57
    • 0026645393 scopus 로고
    • The serum-ascites albumin gradient is superior to the exudate-transudate concept in the differential diagnosis of ascites
    • Runyon BA, Montano AA, Akriviadis EA, et al. The serum-ascites albumin gradient is superior to the exudate-transudate concept in the differential diagnosis of ascites. Ann Intern Med 1992;117:215-20.
    • (1992) Ann. Intern Med. , vol.117 , pp. 215-220
    • Runyon, B.A.1    Montano, A.A.2    Akriviadis, E.A.3
  • 58
    • 0026549047 scopus 로고
    • Spironolactone pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in patients with cirrhotic ascites
    • Sungaila I, Bartle WR, Walker SE, et al. Spironolactone pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in patients with cirrhotic ascites. Gastroenterology 1992;102:1680-5.
    • (1992) Gastroenterology , vol.102 , pp. 1680-1685
    • Sungaila, I.1    Bartle, W.R.2    Walker, S.E.3
  • 59
    • 0020628124 scopus 로고
    • Randomized comparative study of efficacy of furosemide versus spironolactone in nonazotemic cirrhosis with ascites. Relationship between the diuretic response and the activity of the renin-aldosterone system
    • Perez-Ayuso RM, Arroyo V, Planas R, et al. Randomized comparative study of efficacy of furosemide versus spironolactone in nonazotemic cirrhosis with ascites. Relationship between the diuretic response and the activity of the renin-aldosterone system. Gastroenterology 1983; 84(5 Pt 1):961-8. (Pubitemid 13119910)
    • (1983) Gastroenterology , vol.84 , Issue.5 I , pp. 961-968
    • Perez Ayuso, R.M.1    Arroyo, V.2    Planas, R.3
  • 60
    • 0025874037 scopus 로고
    • A pathophysiological interpretation of unresponsiveness to spironolactone in a stepped-care approach to the diuretic treatment of ascites in nonazotemic cirrhotic patients
    • Gatta A, Angeli P, Caregaro L, et al. A pathophysiological interpretation of unresponsiveness to spironolactone in a stepped-care approach to the diuretic treatment of ascites in nonazotemic cirrhotic patients. Hepatology 1991;14:231-6.
    • (1991) Hepatology , vol.14 , pp. 231-236
    • Gatta, A.1    Angeli, P.2    Caregaro, L.3
  • 61
    • 0026602746 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of ascites in cirrhosis diuretics peritoneovenous shunt and large-volume paracentesis
    • Arroyo V, Gines P, Planas R. Treatment of ascites in cirrhosis. Diuretics, peritoneovenous shunt, and large-volume paracentesis. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1992;21:237-56.
    • (1992) Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am. , vol.21 , pp. 237-256
    • Arroyo, V.1    Gines, P.2    Planas, R.3
  • 63
    • 0014954012 scopus 로고
    • Compartmentalization of ascites and edema in patients with hepatic cirrhosis
    • Shear L, Ching S, Gabuzda GJ. Compartmentalization of ascites and edema in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. N Engl J Med 1970;282: 1391-6.
    • (1970) N Engl. J. Med. , vol.282 , pp. 1391-1396
    • Shear, L.1    Ching, S.2    Gabuzda, G.J.3
  • 64
    • 0020683613 scopus 로고
    • Acetylsalicylic acid suppresses the renal hemodynamic effect and reduces the diuretic action of furosemide in cirrhosis with ascites
    • Planas R, Arroyo V, Rimola A, et al. Acetylsalicylic acid suppresses the renal hemodynamic effect and reduces the diuretic action of furosemide in cirrhosis with ascites. Gastroenterology 1983;84: 247-52. (Pubitemid 13224262)
    • (1983) Gastroenterology , vol.84 , Issue.2 , pp. 247-252
    • Planas, R.1    Arroyo, V.2    Rimola, A.3
  • 66
    • 23044488881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic albumin infusions to achieve diuresis in patients with ascites who are not candidates for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)
    • DOI 10.1007/s10620-005-2787-2
    • Trotter J, Pieramici E, Everson GT. Chronic albumin infusions to achieve diuresis in patients with ascites who are not candidates for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). Dig Dis Sci 2005;50:1356-60. (Pubitemid 41184769)
    • (2005) Digestive Diseases and Sciences , vol.50 , Issue.7 , pp. 1356-1360
    • Trotter, J.1    Pieramici, E.2    Everson, G.T.3
  • 67
    • 0023224641 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of paracentesis and diuretics in the treatment of cirrhotics with tense ascites. Results of a randomized study
    • Gines P, Arroyo V, Quintero E, et al. Comparison of paracentesis and diuretics in the treatment of cirrhotics with tense ascites. Results of a randomized study. Gastroenterology 1987;93:234-41. (Pubitemid 17097585)
    • (1987) Gastroenterology , vol.93 , Issue.2 , pp. 234-241
    • Gines, P.1    Arroyo, V.2    Quintero, E.3
  • 68
    • 0023192684 scopus 로고
    • Repeated paracentesis and i.v. albumin infusion to treat 'tense' ascites in cirrhotic patients. A safe alternative therapy
    • Salerno F, Badalamenti S, Incerti P, et al. Repeated paracentesis and i.v. albumin infusion to treat 'tense' ascites in cirrhotic patients. A safe alternative therapy. J Hepatol 1987;5:102-8. (Pubitemid 17119082)
    • (1987) Journal of Hepatology , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 102-108
    • Salerno, F.1    Badalamenti, S.2    Incerti, P.3
  • 69
    • 0023202501 scopus 로고
    • Effects of therapeutic paracentesis on systemic and hepatic hemodynamics and on renal and hormonal function
    • DOI 10.1002/hep.1840070302
    • Simon DM, McCain JR, Bonkovsky HL, et al. Effects of therapeutic paracentesis on systemic and hepatic hemodynamics and on renal and hormonal function. Hepatology 1987;7:423-9. (Pubitemid 17073143)
    • (1987) Hepatology , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 423-429
    • Simon, D.M.1    McCain, J.R.2    Bonkovsky, H.L.3
  • 71
    • 0023907437 scopus 로고
    • Randomized comparative study of therapeutic paracentesis with and without intravenous albumin in cirrhosis
    • Gines P, Tito L, Arroyo V, et al. Randomized comparative study of therapeutic paracentesis with and without intravenous albumin in cirrhosis. Gastroenterology 1988;94:1493-502.
    • (1988) Gastroenterology , vol.94 , pp. 1493-1502
    • Gines, P.1    Tito, L.2    Arroyo, V.3
  • 72
    • 0029087208 scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effects of intravenous albumin infusion on the hemodynamic and humoral changes after total paracentesis
    • Luca A, Garcia-Pagan JC, Bosch J, et al. Beneficial effects of intravenous albumin infusion on the hemodynamic and humoral changes after total paracentesis. Hepatology 1995;22:753-8.
    • (1995) Hepatology , vol.22 , pp. 753-758
    • Luca, A.1    Garcia-Pagan, J.C.2    Bosch, J.3
  • 73
    • 0029923205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Large-volume paracentesis in the treatment of cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites: The role of postparacentesis plasma volume expansion
    • DOI 10.1097/00004836-199604000-00011
    • Forouzandeh B, Konicek F, Sheagren JN. Large-volume paracentesis in the treatment of cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites. The role of postparacentesis plasma volume expansion. J Clin Gastroenterol 1996;22:207-10. (Pubitemid 26118625)
    • (1996) Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology , vol.22 , Issue.3 , pp. 207-210
    • Forouzandeh, B.1    Konicek, F.2    Sheagren, J.N.3
  • 74
    • 37748999690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The efficacy of terlipressin in comparison with albumin in the prevention of circulatory changes after the paracentesis of tense ascites - A randomized multicentric study
    • Lata J, Marecek Z, Fejfar T, et al. The efficacy of terlipressin in comparison with albumin in the prevention of circulatory changes after the paracentesis of tense ascites-a randomized multicentric study. Hepatogastroenterology 2007;54:1930-3.
    • (2007) Hepatogastroenterology , vol.54 , pp. 1930-1933
    • Lata, J.1    Marecek, Z.2    Fejfar, T.3
  • 76
    • 0016295577 scopus 로고
    • Peritoneo-venous shunting for ascites
    • Leveen HH, Christoudias G, Ip M, et al. Peritoneo-venous shunting for ascites. Ann Surg 1974;180:580-91.
    • (1974) Ann. Surg. , vol.180 , pp. 580-591
    • Leveen, H.H.1    Christoudias, G.2    Ip, M.3
  • 77
    • 0027301265 scopus 로고
    • Peritoneovenous shunting restores atrial natriuretic factor responsiveness in refractory hepatic ascites
    • Tobe SW, Morali GA, Greig PD, et al. Peritoneovenous shunting restores atrial natriuretic factor responsiveness in refractory hepatic ascites. Gastroenterology 1993;105:202-7. (Pubitemid 23234037)
    • (1993) Gastroenterology , vol.105 , Issue.1 , pp. 202-207
    • Tobe, S.W.1    Morali, G.A.2    Greig, P.D.3    Logan, A.4    Blendis, L.M.5
  • 79
    • 0021198479 scopus 로고
    • Peritoneovenous shunts. Lessons learned from an eight-year experience with 70 patients
    • Fulenwider JT, Smith RB 3rd, Redd SC, et al. Peritoneovenous shunts. Lessons learned from an eight-year experience with 70 patients. Arch Surg 1984;119:1133-7. (Pubitemid 14048945)
    • (1984) Archives of Surgery , vol.119 , Issue.10 , pp. 1133-1137
    • Fulenwider, J.T.1    Smith III, R.B.2    Redd, S.C.3
  • 80
    • 0027395576 scopus 로고
    • Transjugular intrahepatic portal-systemic shunts: The state of the art
    • DOI 10.1016/0270-9139(93)90205-2
    • Conn HO. Transjugular intrahepatic portal-systemic shunts: the state of the art. Hepatology 1993;17:148-58. (Pubitemid 23027398)
    • (1993) Hepatology , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 148-158
    • Conn, H.O.1
  • 81
    • 0029001750 scopus 로고
    • The transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt procedure for refractory ascites
    • Ochs A, Rossle M, Haag K, et al. The transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt procedure for refractory ascites. N Engl J Med 1995;332:1192-7.
    • (1995) N Engl. J. Med. , vol.332 , pp. 1192-1197
    • Ochs, A.1    Rossle, M.2    Haag, K.3
  • 82
    • 0029057796 scopus 로고
    • Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt: Effects on hemodynamics and sodium homeostasis in cirrhosis and refractory ascites
    • Wong F, Sniderman K, Liu P, et al. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt: effects on hemodynamics and sodium homeostasis in cirrhosis and refractory ascites. Ann Intern Med 1995;122: 816-22.
    • (1995) Ann. Intern Med. , vol.122 , pp. 816-822
    • Wong, F.1    Sniderman, K.2    Liu, P.3
  • 85
    • 0023220270 scopus 로고
    • Dialytic ultrafiltration by hemofilter in treatment of patients with refractory ascites and renal insufficiency
    • Lai KN, Leung JW, Vallance-Owen J. Dialytic ultrafiltration by hemofilter in treatment of patients with refractory ascites and renal insufficiency. Am J Gastroenterol 1987;82:665-8. (Pubitemid 17095829)
    • (1987) American Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.82 , Issue.7 , pp. 665-668
    • Lai, K.N.1    Leung, J.W.C.2    Vallance-Owen, J.3
  • 87
    • 0035144073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective study comparing human albumin vs. reinfusion of ultrafiltrate-ascitic fluid after total paracentesis in cirrhotic patients with tense ascites
    • DOI 10.1055/s-2001-10707
    • Zaak D, Paquet KJ, Kuhn R. Prospective study comparing human albumin vs. reinfusion of ultrafiltrate-ascitic fluid after total paracentesis in cirrhotic patients with tense ascites. Z Gastroenterol 2001; 39:5-10. (Pubitemid 32125555)
    • (2001) Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie , vol.39 , Issue.1 , pp. 5-10
    • Zaak, D.1    Paquet, K.-J.2    Kuhn, R.3
  • 88
    • 0021794098 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of refractory ascites by ultrafiltration-reinfusion of ascitic fluid peritoneally
    • DOI 10.1016/S0022-3476(85)80246-8
    • Assadi FK, Gordon D, Kecskes SA, et al. Treatment of refractory ascites by ultrafiltration-reinfusion of ascitic fluid peritoneally. J Pediatr 1985;106:943-6. (Pubitemid 15006644)
    • (1985) Journal of Pediatrics , vol.106 , Issue.6 , pp. 943-946
    • Assadi, F.K.1    Gordon, D.2    Kecskes, S.A.3    John, E.4
  • 89
    • 0025814834 scopus 로고
    • Ultrafiltration for intractable ascites after liver transplantation
    • Noble-Jamieson G, Jamieson N, Barnes ND. Ultrafiltration for intractable ascites after liver transplantation. Arch Dis Child 1991;66: 988-9.
    • (1991) Arch. Dis. Child , vol.66 , pp. 988-989
    • Noble-Jamieson, G.1    Jamieson, N.2    Barnes, N.D.3
  • 91
    • 0021823881 scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in children with chronic liver disease: Clinical features and etiologic factors
    • DOI 10.1016/S0022-3476(85)80235-3
    • Larcher VF, Manolaki N, Vegnente A, et al. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in children with chronic liver disease: clinical features and etiologic factors. J Pediatr 1985;106:907-12. (Pubitemid 15006634)
    • (1985) Journal of Pediatrics , vol.106 , Issue.6 , pp. 907-912
    • Larcher, V.F.1    Manolaki, N.2    Vegnente, A.3
  • 93
  • 94
    • 4043103565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: Recent data on incidence and treatment
    • Parsi MA, Atreja A, Zein NN. Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: recent data on incidence and treatment. Cleve Clin J Med 2004;71:569-76. (Pubitemid 39069535)
    • (2004) Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine , vol.71 , Issue.7 , pp. 569-576
    • Parsi, M.A.1    Atreja, A.2    Zein, N.N.3
  • 95
    • 0035109630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current management of the complications of cirrhosis and portal hypertension: Variceal hemorrhage, ascites, and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
    • Garcia-Tsao G. Current management of the complications of cirrhosis and portal hypertension: variceal hemorrhage, ascites, and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Gastroenterology 2001;120:726-48. (Pubitemid 32171643)
    • (2001) Gastroenterology , vol.120 , Issue.3 , pp. 726-748
    • Garcia-Tsao, G.1
  • 96
    • 0029091339 scopus 로고
    • Ciprofloxacin and long-term prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: Results of a prospective controlled trial
    • 4 Pt 1
    • Rolachon A, Cordier L, Bacq Y, et al. Ciprofloxacin and long-term prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: results of a prospective controlled trial. Hepatology 1995;22(4 Pt 1):1171-4.
    • (1995) Hepatology , vol.22 , pp. 1171-1174
    • Rolachon, A.1    Cordier, L.2    Bacq, Y.3
  • 97
    • 77953205358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluoroquinolones in the primary prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
    • Krag A, Wiest R, Gluud LL. Fluoroquinolones in the primary prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Am J Gastroenterol 2010;105:1444-5.
    • (2010) Am. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.105 , pp. 1444-1445
    • Krag, A.1    Wiest, R.2    Gluud, L.L.3
  • 98
    • 70350050979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-blockers protect against spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients: A meta-analysis
    • Senzolo M, Cholongitas E, Burra P, et al. Beta-blockers protect against spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients: a meta-analysis. Liver Int 2009;29:1189-93.
    • (2009) Liver Int. , vol.29 , pp. 1189-1193
    • Senzolo, M.1    Cholongitas, E.2    Burra, P.3
  • 99
    • 77955709956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal diagnosis of urinary ascites in a fetus with meningomyelocele
    • Son M, Walsh CA, Baxi LV. Prenatal diagnosis of urinary ascites in a fetus with meningomyelocele. Fetal Diagn Ther 2010;28:61-4.
    • (2010) Fetal. Diagn. Ther. , vol.28 , pp. 61-64
    • Son, M.1    Walsh, C.A.2    Baxi, L.V.3
  • 100
    • 73449105045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal diagnosis of congenital agenesis of the fetal portal venous system
    • Achiron R, Gindes L, Kivilevitch Z, et al. Prenatal diagnosis of congenital agenesis of the fetal portal venous system. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2009;34:643-52.
    • (2009) Ultrasound. Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.34 , pp. 643-652
    • Achiron, R.1    Gindes, L.2    Kivilevitch, Z.3
  • 104
    • 0022981591 scopus 로고
    • Ultrasonic diagnosis of fetal ascites and toxoplasmosis
    • Blaakaer J. Ultrasonic diagnosis of fetal ascites and toxoplasmosis. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1986;65:653-4. (Pubitemid 17174351)
    • (1986) Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica , vol.65 , Issue.6 , pp. 653-654
    • Blaakaer, J.1
  • 107
    • 0025440838 scopus 로고
    • Interesting case presentation: Neonatal hemochromatosis as a cause of ascites
    • Singh S, Sills JH, Waffarn F. Interesting case presentation: neonatal hemochromatosis as a cause of ascites. J Perinatol 1990;10:214-6.
    • (1990) J. Perinatol. , vol.10 , pp. 214-216
    • Singh, S.1    Sills, J.H.2    Waffarn, F.3
  • 109
    • 33749478532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fetal ascites and second trimester maternal hepatitis C virus infection
    • Ling PY, Fang SB, Liao WC, et al. Fetal ascites and second trimester maternal hepatitis C virus infection. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2006;45: 260-3.
    • (2006) Taiwan J. Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.45 , pp. 260-263
    • Ling, P.Y.1    Fang, S.B.2    Liao, W.C.3
  • 110
    • 0018425738 scopus 로고
    • Congenital ascites due to mesenteric vessel constriction caused by malrotation of the intestines
    • Hertel J, Pedersen PV. Congenital ascites due to mesenteric vessel constriction caused by malrotation of the intestines. Acta Paediatr Scand 1979;68:281-3. (Pubitemid 9098666)
    • (1979) Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica , vol.68 , Issue.2 , pp. 281-283
    • Hertel, J.1    Pedersen, P.V.2
  • 111
    • 0023237166 scopus 로고
    • Isolated fetal-neonatal abdominal ascites: A sign of intrauterine intussusception
    • DOI 10.1016/S0022-3468(87)80207-5
    • Woodall DL, Birken GA, Williamson K, et al. Isolated fetal-neonatal abdominal ascites: a sign of intrauterine intussusception. J Pediatr Surg 1987;22:506-7. (Pubitemid 17079640)
    • (1987) Journal of Pediatric Surgery , vol.22 , Issue.6 , pp. 506-507
    • Woodall, D.L.1    Birken, G.A.2    Williamson, K.3    Lobe, T.E.4
  • 112
    • 2542454875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrauterine intussusceptions presenting as fetal ascites at prenatal ultrasonography
    • Yang JI, Kim HS, Chang KH, et al. Intrauterine intussusceptions presenting as fetal ascites at prenatal ultrasonography. Am J Perinatol 2004;21:241-6.
    • (2004) Am. J. Perinatol. , vol.21 , pp. 241-246
    • Yang, J.I.1    Kim, H.S.2    Chang, K.H.3
  • 113
    • 0023739925 scopus 로고
    • Neonatal ascites due to congenital jejunal obstruction
    • Voss LM, Hadden W, Pease PW, et al. Neonatal ascites due to congenital jejunal obstruction. Aust Paediatr J 1988;24:260-1.
    • (1988) Aust. Paediatr. J. , vol.24 , pp. 260-261
    • Voss, L.M.1    Hadden, W.2    Pease, P.W.3
  • 114
    • 0032324808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prenatal urinary ascites and persistent cloaca: Risk factors for poor drainage of urine or meconium
    • Adams MC, Ludlow J, Brock JW 3rd, et al. Prenatal urinary ascites and persistent cloaca: risk factors for poor drainage of urine or meconium. J Urol 1998;160(6 Pt 1):2179-81. (Pubitemid 128703648)
    • (1998) Journal of Urology , vol.160 , Issue.6 I , pp. 2179-2181
    • Adams, M.C.1
  • 115
    • 0026522777 scopus 로고
    • Isolated fetal ascites detected by sonography: An unusual presentation of turner syndrome
    • 5 Pt 2
    • Wax JR, Blakemore KJ, Baser I, et al. Isolated fetal ascites detected by sonography: an unusual presentation of turner syndrome. Obstet Gynecol 1992;79(5 Pt 2):862-3.
    • (1992) Obstet. Gynecol. , vol.79 , pp. 862-863
    • Wax, J.R.1    Blakemore, K.J.2    Baser, I.3
  • 120
    • 0020428376 scopus 로고
    • Intrauterine supraventricular tachycardia: Cardioversion with maternal digoxin
    • Heaton FC, Vaughan R. Intrauterine supraventricular tachycardia: cardioversion with maternal digoxin. Obstet Gynecol 1982;60:749-52. (Pubitemid 13234456)
    • (1982) Obstetrics and Gynecology , vol.60 , Issue.6 , pp. 749-752
    • Heaton, F.C.1    Vaughan, R.2
  • 123
    • 0022371125 scopus 로고
    • Diseases causing fetal and neonatal ascites
    • Machin GA. Diseases causing fetal and neonatal ascites. Pediatr Pathol 1985;4:195-211. (Pubitemid 16115267)
    • (1985) Pediatric Pathology , vol.4 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 195-211
    • Machin, G.A.1
  • 126
    • 0019459159 scopus 로고
    • Congenital hepatic fibrosis. A disease with diverse manifestations
    • Ghishan FK, Younoszai MK. Congenital hepatic fibrosis: a disease with diverse manifestations. Am J Gastroenterol 1981;75:317-20. (Pubitemid 11086927)
    • (1981) American Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.75 , Issue.4 , pp. 317-320
    • Ghishan, F.K.1    Younoszai, M.K.2
  • 127
    • 0020580288 scopus 로고
    • 1-Antitrypsin deficiency presenting with ascites and cirrhosis in the neonatal period
    • Ghishan FK, Gray GF, Greene HL. Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency presenting with ascites and cirrhosis in the neonatal period. Gastroenterology 1983;85:435-8. (Pubitemid 13070933)
    • (1983) Gastroenterology , vol.85 , Issue.2 , pp. 435-438
    • Ghishan, F.K.1    Gray, G.F.2    Greene, H.L.3
  • 129
    • 0022635832 scopus 로고
    • Hydrothorax, ascites, and right diaphragmatic hernia
    • Gilsanz V, Emons D, Hansmann M, et al. Hydrothorax, ascites, and right diaphragmatic hernia. Radiology 1986;158:243-6. (Pubitemid 16172326)
    • (1986) Radiology , vol.158 , Issue.1 , pp. 243-246
    • Gilsanz, V.1    Emons, D.2    Hansmann, M.3
  • 130
    • 0020732964 scopus 로고
    • Congenital budd-chiari syndrome
    • Jaffe R, Yunis EJ. Congenital Budd-Chiari syndrome. Pediatr Pathol 1983;1:187-92.
    • (1983) Pediatr. Pathol. , vol.1 , pp. 187-192
    • Jaffe, R.1    Yunis, E.J.2
  • 132
    • 0027982030 scopus 로고
    • Ruptured cystic mesenchymal hamartoma: An unusual cause of neonatal ascites
    • DOI 10.1007/BF02015467
    • George JC, Cohen MD, Tarver RD, et al. Ruptured cystic mesenchymal hamartoma: an unusual cause of neonatal ascites. Pediatr Radiol 1994;24:304-5. (Pubitemid 24246092)
    • (1994) Pediatric Radiology , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 304-305
    • George, J.C.1    Cohen, M.D.2    Tarver, R.D.3    Rosales, R.N.4
  • 135
    • 0014608727 scopus 로고
    • Neonatal ascites: Perirenal urinary extravasation with bladder outlet obstruction
    • Garrett RA, Franken EA Jr. Neonatal ascites: perirenal urinary extravasation with bladder outlet obstruction. J Urol 1969;102:627-32.
    • (1969) J. Urol. , vol.102 , pp. 627-632
    • Garrett, R.A.1    Franken Jr., E.A.2
  • 136
    • 76249100599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A rare cause of ascites in a newborn: Posterior urethral valve
    • Gurgoze MK, Yildirmaz S, Dogan Y, et al. A rare cause of ascites in a newborn: posterior urethral valve. Pediatr Int 2010;52:154-5.
    • (2010) Pediatr. Int. , vol.52 , pp. 154-155
    • Gurgoze, M.K.1    Yildirmaz, S.2    Dogan, Y.3
  • 137
    • 33646071558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Congenital imperforate hymen and its lifethreatening consequences in the neonatal period
    • El-Messidi A, Fleming NA. Congenital imperforate hymen and its lifethreatening consequences in the neonatal period. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2006;19:99-103.
    • (2006) J. Pediatr. Adolesc. Gynecol. , vol.19 , pp. 99-103
    • El-Messidi, A.1    Fleming, N.A.2
  • 138
    • 0017815669 scopus 로고
    • Neonatal urinary ascites in the absence of urinary tract obstruction
    • Murphy D, Simmons M, Guiney EJ. Neonatal urinary ascites in the absence of urinary tract obstruction. J Pediatr Surg 1978;13:529-31. (Pubitemid 8398372)
    • (1978) Journal of Pediatric Surgery , vol.13 , Issue.6 , pp. 529-531
    • Murphy, D.1    Simmons, M.2    Guiney, E.J.3
  • 140
    • 0021348202 scopus 로고
    • Congenital ascites as a presenting sign of lysosomal storage disease
    • Gillan JE, Lowden JA, Gaskin K, et al. Congenital ascites as a presenting sign of lysosomal storage disease. J Pediatr 1984;104: 225-31. (Pubitemid 14188929)
    • (1984) Journal of Pediatrics , vol.104 , Issue.2 , pp. 225-231
    • Gillan, J.E.1    Lowden, J.A.2    Gaskin, K.3    Cutz, E.4
  • 142
    • 0018501121 scopus 로고
    • Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenital and neonatal ascites
    • Schultz RB, Kocoshis S. Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenital and neonatal ascites. J Pediatr 1979;95:157.
    • (1979) J. Pediatr. , vol.95 , pp. 157
    • Schultz, R.B.1    Kocoshis, S.2
  • 143
    • 75749155473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in the premature neonate: A case study
    • Woods AG, Woods CW. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in the premature neonate: a case study. Adv Neonatal Care 2009;9:274-8.
    • (2009) Adv. Neonatal. Care , vol.9 , pp. 274-278
    • Woods, A.G.1    Woods, C.W.2
  • 144
    • 0022526826 scopus 로고
    • Illness with fatalities in premature infants: Association with an intravenous vitamin E preparation, E-Ferol
    • Martone WJ, Williams WW, Mortensen ML, et al. Illness with fatalities in premature infants: association with an intravenous vitamin E preparation, E-Ferol. Pediatrics 1986;78:591-600. (Pubitemid 16006386)
    • (1986) Pediatrics , vol.78 , Issue.4 , pp. 591-600
    • Martone, W.J.1    Williams, W.W.2    Mortensen, M.L.3
  • 145
    • 0018394847 scopus 로고
    • Neonatal pseudoascites: An unusual presentation of long tubular duplication of small bowel
    • Purohit DM, Lakin CA, Othersen HB Jr. Neonatal pseudoascites: an unusual presentation of long tubular duplication of small bowel. J Pediatr Surg 1979;14:193-4. (Pubitemid 9135321)
    • (1979) Journal of Pediatric Surgery , vol.14 , Issue.2 , pp. 193-194
    • Purohit, D.M.1    Lakin, C.A.2    Othersen Jr., H.B.3
  • 146
    • 0027392601 scopus 로고
    • The place of ultrasonographic examination in the initial evaluation of children sustaining blunt abdominal trauma
    • DOI 10.1016/S0022-3468(05)80361-6
    • Akgur FM, Tanyel FC, Akhan O, et al. The place of ultrasonographic examination in the initial evaluation of children sustaining blunt abdominal trauma. J Pediatr Surg 1993;28:78-81. (Pubitemid 23028771)
    • (1993) Journal of Pediatric Surgery , vol.28 , Issue.1 , pp. 78-81
    • Akgur, F.M.1    Tanyel, F.C.2    Akhan, O.3    Buyukpamukcu, N.4    Hicsonmez, A.5
  • 148
    • 0021678621 scopus 로고
    • Congenital hepatic fibrosis-unusual presentations
    • Caine Y, Deckelbaum RJ, Weizman Z, et al. Congenital hepatic fibrosis-unusual presentations. Arch Dis Child 1984;59:1094-6.
    • (1984) Arch. Dis. Child , vol.59 , pp. 1094-1096
    • Caine, Y.1    Deckelbaum, R.J.2    Weizman, Z.3
  • 149
    • 0026668902 scopus 로고
    • Infection with the hepatitis A virus associated with ascites in children
    • Cohen HA, Amir J, Frydman M, et al. Infection with the hepatitis A virus associated with ascites in children. Am J Dis Child 1992;146: 1014-6.
    • (1992) Am. J. Dis. Child , vol.146 , pp. 1014-1016
    • Cohen, H.A.1    Amir, J.2    Frydman, M.3
  • 150
    • 0034191859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ascites and pleural effusion accompanying hepatitis A infection in a child [4]
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1469-0691.2000.00077-3.x
    • Gurkan F. Ascites and pleural effusion accompanying hepatitis A infection in a child. Clin Microbiol Infect 2000;6:286-7. (Pubitemid 36267441)
    • (2000) Clinical Microbiology and Infection , vol.6 , Issue.5 , pp. 286-287
    • Gurkan, F.1
  • 151
    • 44949222814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hepatitis E: A potential vaccine-preventable disease needs global concern
    • Chau TN. Hepatitis E: a potential vaccine-preventable disease needs global concern. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008;23:827-8.
    • (2008) J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. , vol.23 , pp. 827-828
    • Chau, T.N.1
  • 152
    • 0024553324 scopus 로고
    • Recurrent ascites in an infant with perinatally acquired cytomegalovirus infection
    • DOI 10.1007/BF00441550
    • Levy I, Shohat M, Levy Y, et al. Recurrent ascites in an infant with perinatally acquired cytomegalovirus infection. Eur J Pediatr 1989; 148:531-2. (Pubitemid 19114072)
    • (1989) European Journal of Pediatrics , vol.148 , Issue.6 , pp. 531-532
    • Levy, I.1    Shohat, M.2    Levy, Y.3    Alpert, G.4    Nitzan, M.5
  • 153
    • 0642315131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary Epstein-Barr virus hepatitis complicated by ascites with Epstein-Barr virus reactivation during primary cytomegalovirus infection
    • DOI 10.1097/00005176-200307000-00016
    • Rajwal S, Davison S, Wyatt J, et al. Primary Epstein-Barr virus hepatitis complicated by ascites with Epstein-Barr virus reactivation during primary cytomegalovirus infection. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2003;37:87-90. (Pubitemid 39274575)
    • (2003) Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition , vol.37 , Issue.1 , pp. 87-90
    • Rajwal, S.1    Davison, S.2    Wyatt, J.3    McClean, P.4
  • 154
    • 0018602377 scopus 로고
    • Posttraumatic Budd-Chiari syndrome with late reversibility of hepatic venous obstruction
    • Klein MD, Philippart AI. Posttraumatic Budd-Chiari syndrome with late reversibility of hepatic venous obstruction. J Pediatr Surg 1979; 14:661-3. (Pubitemid 10181952)
    • (1979) Journal of Pediatric Surgery , vol.14 , Issue.6 , pp. 661-663
    • Klein, M.D.1    Philippart, A.I.2
  • 155
    • 0027290489 scopus 로고
    • Idiopathic perforation of the extrahepatic bile duct in infancy: Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management
    • DOI 10.1016/0022-3468(93)90705-P
    • Banani SA, Bahador A, Nezakatgoo N. Idiopathic perforation of the extrahepatic bile duct in infancy: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management. J Pediatr Surg 1993;28:950-2. (Pubitemid 23219334)
    • (1993) Journal of Pediatric Surgery , vol.28 , Issue.7 , pp. 950-952
    • Banani, S.A.1    Bahador, A.2    Nezakatgoo, N.3
  • 156
    • 0020511696 scopus 로고
    • Idiopathic perforation of the biliary tract in infancy
    • Stringel G, Mercer S. Idiopathic perforation of the biliary tract in infancy. J Pediatr Surg 1983;18:546-50. (Pubitemid 13012024)
    • (1983) Journal of Pediatric Surgery , vol.18 , Issue.5 , pp. 546-550
    • Stringel, G.1    Mercer, S.2
  • 157
    • 0020699947 scopus 로고
    • Bile ascites during infancy: Diagnosis using Disofenin Tc 99m sequential scintiphotography
    • So SK, Lindahl JA, Sharp HL, et al. Bile ascites during infancy: diagnosis using disofenin tc 99m sequential scintiphotography. Pediatrics 1983;71:402-5. (Pubitemid 13144056)
    • (1983) Pediatrics , vol.71 , Issue.3 , pp. 402-405
    • So, S.K.S.1    Lindahl, J.A.2    Sharp, H.L.3
  • 158
    • 0020381469 scopus 로고
    • Protein-losing enteropathy in systemic lupus erythematosus
    • DOI 10.1016/S0046-8177(82)80102-0
    • Chase GJ, O'Shea PA, Collins E, et al. Protein-losing enteropathy in systemic lupus erythematosus. Hum Pathol 1982;13:1053-5. (Pubitemid 13253373)
    • (1982) Human Pathology , vol.13 , Issue.11 , pp. 1053-1055
    • Chase, G.J.1    O'Shea, P.A.2    Collins, E.3    Brem, A.S.4
  • 160
    • 0028032955 scopus 로고
    • Childhood optic pathway tumors associated with ascites following ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement
    • West GA, Berger MS, Geyer JR. Childhood optic pathway tumors associated with ascites following ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement. Pediatr Neurosurg 1994;21:254,8.
    • (1994) Pediatr. Neurosurg. , vol.21 , Issue.254 , pp. 8
    • West, G.A.1    Berger, M.S.2    Geyer, J.R.3
  • 161
    • 33748155783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sterile ascites from a ventriculoperitoneal shunt: A case report and review of the literature
    • DOI 10.1007/s00381-006-0054-2
    • Diluna ML, Johnson MH, Bi WL, et al. Sterile ascites from a ventriculoperitoneal shunt: a case report and review of the literature. Childs Nerv Syst 2006;22:1187-93. (Pubitemid 44314496)
    • (2006) Child's Nervous System , vol.22 , Issue.9 , pp. 1187-1193
    • DiLuna, M.L.1    Johnson, M.H.2    Bi, W.L.3    Chiang, V.L.4    Duncan, C.C.5
  • 162
    • 0027715742 scopus 로고
    • Ascites produced by peritoneal seeding of neuroblastoma
    • Fernbach SK. Ascites produced by peritoneal seeding of neuroblastoma. Pediatr Radiol 1993;23:569. (Pubitemid 24031075)
    • (1993) Pediatric Radiology , vol.23 , Issue.7 , pp. 569
    • Fernbach, S.K.1
  • 165
    • 0028835860 scopus 로고
    • Intraperitoneal fluid collections following liver transplantation in a paediatric population
    • Duncan KA, King SE, Ratcliffe JF. Intraperitoneal fluid collections following liver transplantation in a paediatric population. Clin Radiol 1995;50:40-3.
    • (1995) Clin. Radiol. , vol.50 , pp. 40-43
    • Duncan, K.A.1    King, S.E.2    Ratcliffe, J.F.3
  • 166
    • 0028894886 scopus 로고
    • Massive ascitic fluid loss and coagulation disturbances after liver transplantation
    • Gane E, Langley P, Williams R. Massive ascitic fluid loss and coagulation disturbances after liver transplantation. Gastroenterology 1995;109:1631-8.
    • (1995) Gastroenterology , vol.109 , pp. 1631-1638
    • Gane, E.1    Langley, P.2    Williams, R.3
  • 168
    • 0023611045 scopus 로고
    • Ascites as a presenting sign of peritonitis in chronic granulomatous disease of childhood
    • Rossi TM, Cumella J, Baswell D, et al. Ascites as a presenting sign of peritonitis in chronic granulomatous disease of childhood. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 1987;26:544-5.
    • (1987) Clin. Pediatr. Phila. , vol.26 , pp. 544-545
    • Rossi, T.M.1    Cumella, J.2    Baswell, D.3
  • 170
    • 33645306351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Painless massive ascites and hypoalbuminemia as the major manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus
    • Chu YT, Chiou SS. Painless massive ascites and hypoalbuminemia as the major manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2006;39:78-81.
    • (2006) J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. , vol.39 , pp. 78-81
    • Chu, Y.T.1    Chiou, S.S.2
  • 171
    • 0017841547 scopus 로고
    • Catheter-induced ascites: An unusual complication of parenteral feeding
    • DOI 10.1007/BF01684391
    • Axelsson CK, Knudsen FU. Catheter-induced ascites-an unusual complication of parenteral feeding. Intensive Care Med 1978;4:91-2. (Pubitemid 8301556)
    • (1978) Intensive Care Medicine , vol.4 , Issue.2 , pp. 91-92
    • Axelsson, C.K.1    Knudsen, F.U.2
  • 173
    • 0020519416 scopus 로고
    • Pyloric duplication presenting with hemorrhagic ascites
    • Novak RW, Boeckman CR. Pyloric duplication presenting with hemorrhagic ascites. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 1983;22:386-8. (Pubitemid 13093986)
    • (1983) Clinical Pediatrics , vol.22 , Issue.5 , pp. 386-388
    • Novak, R.W.1    Boeckman, C.R.2
  • 174
    • 0021086367 scopus 로고
    • 'Pseudoascites' as a presenting physical sign of celiac disease
    • Granot E, Deckelbaum RJ. ''Pseudoascites'' as a presenting physical sign of celiac disease. Am J Gastroenterol 1983;78:730-1. (Pubitemid 14226191)
    • (1983) American Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.78 , Issue.11 , pp. 730-731
    • Granot, E.1    Deckelbaum, R.J.2
  • 175
    • 0025193418 scopus 로고
    • Pseudoascites: Unnusual presentation of omental cyst
    • DOI 10.1007/BF02011393
    • Gyves-Ray K, Hernandez RJ, Hillemeier AC. Pseudoascites: unusual presentation of omental cyst. Pediatr Radiol 1990;20:560-1. (Pubitemid 20234794)
    • (1990) Pediatric Radiology , vol.20 , Issue.7 , pp. 560-561
    • Gyves-Ray, K.1    Hernandez, R.J.2    Hillemeier, A.C.3
  • 176
    • 77951173904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Omental cyst presenting as tubercular ascites
    • Joshi N, Yadav S, Singh B, et al. Omental cyst presenting as tubercular ascites. J Infect Dev Ctries 2010;4:183-6.
    • (2010) J. Infect. Dev. Ctries. , vol.4 , pp. 183-186
    • Joshi, N.1    Yadav, S.2    Singh, B.3
  • 179
    • 0027938412 scopus 로고
    • Cystic mesothelioma of the peritoneum: A rare cause of 'ascites' in children
    • DOI 10.1016/0022-3468(94)90801-X
    • McCullaghM,Keen C,DykesE.Cysticmesotheliomaof the peritoneum: a rare cause of 'ascites' in children. J Pediatr Surg 1994;29:1205-7. (Pubitemid 24299580)
    • (1994) Journal of Pediatric Surgery , vol.29 , Issue.9 , pp. 1205-1207
    • McCullagh, M.1    Keen, C.2    Dykes, E.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.