Silver nanowire embedded in P3HT:PCBM for high-efficiency hybrid photovoltaic device applications

ACS Nano

Volumn 5, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 3319-3325

  Kim, Chul Hyun ^a   Cha, Sang Ho ^c   Kim, Sung Chul ^a   Song, Myungkwan ^a   Lee, Jaebeom ^a   Shin, Won Suk ^b   Moon, Sang Jin ^b   Bahng, Joong Hwan ^c   Kotov, Nicholas A ^c   Jin, Sung Ho ^a  

^a Pusan National University   (South Korea)

^b Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology   (South Korea)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

Ag nanowires; hybrid photovoltaic device; integragted photocurrent density; P3HT; PCBM

Indexed keywords

AG NANOWIRES; HYBRID PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICE; INTEGRAGTED PHOTOCURRENT DENSITY; P3HT; PCBM;

ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; BLENDING; BUTYRIC ACID; CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; EFFICIENCY; ELECTRIC RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT; EQUIPMENT; ESTERS; HETEROJUNCTIONS; NANOWIRES; ORGANIC SOLVENTS; PHOTOVOLTAIC EFFECTS; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SOLAR POWER GENERATION;

SILVER;

EID: 79955390822     PISSN: 19360851     EISSN: 1936086X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/nn200469d     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Sariciftci, N. S.; Smilowitz, L.; Heeger, A. J.; Wudl, F. Photoinduced Electron Transfer from a Conducting Polymer to Buckminsterfullerene Science 1992, 258, 1474-1476
2. Yu, G.; Gao, J.; Hummelen, J. C.; Wudl, F.; Heeger, A. J. Polymer Photovoltaic Cells: Enhanced Efficiencies via a Network of Internal Donor-Acceptor Heterojunctions Science 1995, 270, 1789-1791 (Pubitemid 126635480)
3. Brunetti, F. G.; Kumar, R.; Wudl, F. Organic Electronics from Perylene to Organic Photovoltaics: Painting a Brief History with a Broad Brush J. Mater. Chem. 2010, 20, 2934-2948
4. Cai, W.; Gong, X.; Cao, Y. Polymer Solar Cells: Recent Development and Possible Routes for Improvement in the Performance Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2010, 94, 114-127
5. Xue, J.; Uchida, S.; Rand, B. P.; Forrest, S. R. 4.2% Efficient Organic Photovoltaic Cells with Low Series Resistances Appl. Phys. Lett. 2004, 84, 3013-3015
6. Peumans, P.; Yakimov, A.; Forrest, S. R. Small Molecular Weight Organic Thin-Film Photodetectors and Solar Cells J. Appl. Phys. 2003, 93, 3693-3723
7. Halls, J. J. M.; Walsh, C. A.; Greenham, N. C.; Marseglia, E. A.; Friend, R. H.; Friend; Moratti, S. C.; Holmes, A. B. Efficient Photodiodes from Interpenetrating Polymer Networks Nature 1995, 376, 498-500
8. Zhang, Y.; Yip, H. L.; Acton, O.; Hau, S. K.; Huang, F.; Jen, A. K.-Y. A Simple and Effective Way of Achieving Highly Efficient and Thermally Stable Bulk-Heterojunction Polymer Solar Cells Using Amorphous Fullerene Derivatives as Electron Acceptor Chem. Mater. 2009, 21, 2598-2600
9. Peet., J.; Kim, J. Y.; Coates, N. E.; Ma, W. L.; Moses, D.; Heeger, A. J.; Bazab, G. C. Efficiency Enhancement in Low-Bandgap Polymer Solar Cells by Processing with Alkane Dithiols Nat. Mater. 2007, 6, 497-500 (Pubitemid 47143454)
10. Irwin, M. D.; Buchholz, D. B.; Hains, A. W.; Chang, R. P. H.; Marks, T. J. p-Type Semiconducting Nickel Oxide as an Efficiency-Enhancing Anode Interfacial Layer in Polymer Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2008, 105, 2783-2787 (Pubitemid 351723621)
11. Guo, Y.; Li, Y.; Xu, J.; Liu, X.; Xu, J.; Lv, J.; Huang, C.; Zhu, M; Cui, S.; Jiang, L.; Liu, H.; Wang, S. Fabrication of Homogeneous Hybrid Nanorod of Organic/Inorganic Semiconductor Materials J. Phys. Chem. C 2008, 112, 8223-8228
12. Lin, Y. Y.; Lee, Y. Y.; Chang, L.; Wu, J. J.; Chen, C. W. The Influence of Interface Modifier on the Performance of Nanostructured ZnO/Polymer Hybrid Solar Cells Appl. Phys. Lett. 2009, 94, 0633081-0633083
13. Huynh, W. U.; Dittmer, J. J.; Alivisatos, A. P. Hybrid Nanorod-Polymer Solar Cells Science 2002, 295, 2425-2427 (Pubitemid 34270250)
14. Sun, B. Q.; Snaith, H. J.; Dhoot, A. S.; Westenhoff, S.; Greenham, N. C. Vertically Segregated Hybrid Blends for Photovoltaic Devices with Improved Efficiency J. Appl. Phys. 2005, 97, 014914-014916
15. Kang, Y.; Park, N.; Kim, D. Hybrid Solar Cells with Vertically Aligned CdTe Nanorods and a Conjugated Polymer Appl. Phys. Lett. 2005, 86, 113101-113103
16. 2 Nanorod Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells J. Mater. Chem. 2008, 18, 2201-2207
17. Kim., S. S.; Na, S. I.; Jo, J.; Kim, D. Y.; Nah, Y. C. Plasmon Enhanced Performance of Organic Solar Cells using Electrodeposited Ag Nanoparticles Appl. Phys. Lett. 2008, 93, 0733071-00733073
18. Lee, J. H.; Park, J. H.; Kim, J. S.; Lee, D. Y.; Cho, K. High Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells with Wet Deposited Plasmonic Gold Nanodots Org. Electron 2009, 10, 416-420
19. Morfa, A. J.; Rowlen, K. L.; Reilly, T. H.; Romero, M. J.; Lagemaat, J. van de. Plasmon-Enhanced Solar Energy Conversion in Organic Bulk Heterejunction Photovoltaics Appl. Phys. Lett. 2008, 92, 0135041-0135043
20. Olsen, D. C.; Piris, J.; Collins, R. T.; Shaheen, S. E.; Ginley, D. S. Hybrid Photovoltaic Devices of Polymer and ZnO Nanofiber Composites Thin Solid Films 2006, 496, 26-29 (Pubitemid 41689859)
21. Shin, W. S.; Jeong, H. H.; Kim, M. K.; Jin, S. H.; Kim, M. R.; Lee, J. K.; Lee, J. W.; Gal, Y. S. Effects of Functional Groups at Perylene Diimide Derivatives on Organic Photovoltaic Device Application J. Mater. Chem. 2006, 16, 384-390 (Pubitemid 43324456)
22. Jin, S. H.; Kim, S. C.; Naidu, B. V. K.; Lee, S. K.; Kim, M. R.; Shin, W. S.; Jung, S. J.; Cho, Y. R.; Shim, J. M.; Lee, J. K. et al. Synthesis and Photovoltaic Properties of Novel PPV-Derivatives Tethered with Spirobifluorene Unit for Polymer Solar Cells Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2007, 91, 460-466
23. Jin, S. H.; Kim, S. C.; Jung, S. J.; Kim, M. K.; Shin, W. S.; Lee, J. K.; Lee, J. W.; Gal, Y. S. Synthesis and Photovoltaic Properties of a Low-Band-Gap Polymer Consisting of Alternating Thiophene and Benzothiadiazole Derivatives for Bulk-Heterojunction and Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem. 2007, 45, 1394-1402 (Pubitemid 46642293)
24. Jin, S. H.; Naidu, B. V. K.; Shin, J. M.; Kim, S. C.; Shin, W. S.; Lee, J. W.; Gal, Y. S. Optimization of Process Parameters for High-Efficiency Polymer Photovoltaic DevicesBased on P3HT:PCBM System Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2007, 91, 1187-1193
25. Naidu, B. V. K.; Park, J. S.; Park, S. M.; Lee, E. J.; Yoon, K. J.; Kim, S. C.; Lee, S. J.; Lee, J. W.; Gal, Y. S.; Jin, S. H. Novel Hybrid Polymer Photovoltaics Made by Generating Silver Nanoparticles in Polymer:Fullerene Bulk-Heterojunction Structures Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2008, 92, 397-401 (Pubitemid 351172750)
26. Park, J. S.; Ryu, T. I.; Song, M.; Yoon, K. J.; Lee, M. J.; Shin, I. A.; Lee, G. D.; Gal, Y. S.; Jin, S. H. Synthesis and Characterization of Fluorene-Based Low-Band Gap Copolymers Containing Propylenedioxythiophene and Benzothiadiazole Derivatives for Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaic Cell Applications J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem. 2008, 46, 6175-6184
27. Lu, W.; Lieber, C. M. Nanoelectronics from the Bottom Up Nat. Mater. 2007, 6, 841-850 (Pubitemid 350050579)
28. Xia, Y.; Yang, P.; Sun, Y. G.; Wu, Y. Y.; Mayer, B.; Gates, B.; Yin, Y.; Kim, F.; Yan, H. One-Dimensional Nanostructures: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications Adv. Mater. 2003, 15, 353-389
29. Law, M.; Goldberger, J.; Yang, P. Semiconductor Nanowires and Nanotubes Annu. Rev. Mater. Res. 2004, 34, 83-122
30. Schenning, A. P. H. J.; Meijer, E. W. Supramolecular Electronics; Nanowires from Self-Assembled π-Conjugated Systems Chem. Commun. 2005, 3245-3258 (Pubitemid 41018842)
31. Yakimov, A.; Forrest, S. R. High Photovoltage Multiple-Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells Incorporating Interfacial Metallic Nanoclusters Appl. Phys. Lett. 2002, 80, 1667-1669
32. Rand, B. P.; Reumans, P.; Forrest, S. R. Long-Range Absorption Enhancement in Organic Tandem Thin-Film Solar Cells Containing Silver Nanoclusters J. Appl. Phys. 2004, 96, 7519-7526 (Pubitemid 40044446)
33. Chiu, T. L.; Xu, W. F.; Lin, C. F.; Lee, J. H.; Chao, C. C.; Leung, M. K. Optical and Electrical Characteristics of Ag-Doped Perylene Diimide Derivative Appl. Phys. Lett. 2009, 94, 0133071-0133073
34. Atwater., H. A.; Polman., A. Plasmonics for Improved Photovoltaic Devices Nat. Mater. 2010, 9, 205-213
35. Chen, F. C.; Chien, S. C.; Lee, S. W. High-Performance Single-Layer Polymer Electrophosphorescent Devices with Polymer Oxides Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 2008, 11, J50-J53
36. 60 Bulk Heterojunction Photovoltaic Devices Appl. Phys. Lett. 2005, 87, 2031131-2031133
37. Li, G.; Shrotriva, V.; Huang, J.; Yao, Y.; Moriarty, T.; Emery, K.; Yang, Y. High-Efficiency Solution Processable Polymer Photovoltaic Cells by Self-Organization of Polymer Blends Nat. Mater. 2005, 4, 864-868
38. Varghese, O. K.; Crimes, C. A. Appropriate Strategies for Determining the Photoconversion Efficiency of Water Photoelectrolysis Cells: A Review with Examples Using Titania Nanotube Array Photoanodes Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2008, 92, 374-384
39. 3 Films Made by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 17184-17191 (Pubitemid 41361394)
40. Hummelen, J. C.; Kinght, B. W.; Lepeg, F.; Wuld, F.; Rao, J.; Wilkins, C. L. Preparation and Characterization of Fulleroid and Methanofullerene Derivatives J. Org. Chem. 1995, 60, 532-538
41. 3 with Ethylene Glycol in the Presence of Seeds and Poly(Vinyl Pyrrolidone) Chem. Mater. 2002, 14, 4736-4745