Pitfalls in obtaining and interpreting bone marrow aspirates: To err is human

Journal of Clinical Pathology

Volumn 64, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 373-379

  Bain, Barbara J ^a   Bailey, Katharine ^a  

^a ST MARY S HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BONE MARROW BIOPSY; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT; DIAGNOSTIC ERROR; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUALITY CONTROL; REVIEW; SAMPLING ERROR; STAINING;

ADULT; BIOPSY, NEEDLE; BONE MARROW; BONE MARROW EXAMINATION; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CYTODIAGNOSIS; HISTOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES; HUMANS; MEDICAL ERRORS;

EID: 79955076968     PISSN: 00219746     EISSN: 14724146     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2010.080820     Document Type: Review

References (43)

1. Abdulsalam AH, Sabeeh N, Bain BJ. Immature Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes in bone marrow. Am J Hematol 2010;85:943.
2. Bain BJ, Atra A. Thrombocytopenia. Am J Hematol 2008;83:303.
3. Beutler E, Saven A. Misuse of marrow examination in the diagnosis of Gaucher's disease. Blood 1990;76:646-8. (Pubitemid 20251838)
4. George JN, Woolf SH, Raskob GE, et al. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. A practice guideline developed by explicit methods for the American Society of Hematology. Blood 1996;88:3-40.
5. Westerman DA, Grigg AP. The diagnosis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in adults: does bone marrow biopsy have a place? Med J Aust 1999;170:216-17.
6. Mak YK, Yu PH, Chan CH, et al. The management of isolated thrombocytopenia in Chinese adults: does bone marrow examination have a role at presentation? Clin Lab Haematol 2000;22:355-8.
7. British Committee for Standards in Haematology General Haematology Task Force. Guidelines for the investigation and management of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in adults, children and in pregnancy. Br J Haematol 2003;120:574-96.
8. Reid MM. Bone marrow examination before steroids in thrombocytopenic purpura or arthritis. Acta Paediatr 1992;81:1052-3. (Pubitemid 23044788)
9. Naithani R, Kumar R, Mahapatra M, et al. Is it safe to avoid bone marrow examination in suspected ITP? Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2007;24:205-7.
10. Halperin DS, Doyle JJ. Is bone marrow examination justified in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura? Am J Dis Child 1988;142:508-11.
11. Dubansky AS, Boyett JM, Falletta J, et al. Isolated thrombocytopenia in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a rare event in a Pediatric Oncology Group Study. Pediatrics1989;84:1068-71.
12. Calpin C, Dick P, Poon A, et al. Is Bone Marrow Aspiration Needed in Acute Childhood Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura to Rule Out Leukemia? Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1998;152:345-7.
13. Kyle RA, Rajkumar SV. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Br J Haematol 2006;134:573-89. (Pubitemid 44255500)
14. Crawford J, Eye MK, Cohen HJ. Evaluation of monoclonal gammopathies in the 'well' elderly. Am J Med 1987;82:39-45.
15. Bird J, Behrens J, Westin J, et al. UK Myeloma Forum (UKMF) and Nordic Myeloma Study Group (NMSG): guidelines for the investigation of newly detected M-proteins and the management of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Br J Haematol 2009;147:22-42.
16. Chakravorty S, Johnston R, Coulter C, et al. Teaching cases from the Royal Marsden and St Mary's Hospitals, Case 26: refractory microcytic anaemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2004;45:1491-2.
17. Samson RE, Abdalla DH, Bain BJ. Teaching cases from the Royal Marsden and St Mary's Hospitals. Case 18. Severe anaemia and thrombocytopenia with red cell fragmentation. Leuk Lymphoma 1998;31:433-5.
18. Gupta A, Tyrrell P, Valani R, et al. The role of the initial bone marrow aspirate in the diagnosis of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;51:402-4.
19. Musolino A, Guazzi A, Nizzoli R, et al. Accuracy and relative value of bone marrow aspiration in the detection of lymphoid infiltration in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Tumori 2010;96:24-7.
20. Aronica PA, Pirrotta VT, Yunis EJ, et al. Detection of neuroblastoma in the bone marrow: biopsy versus aspiration. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 1998;20:330-4. (Pubitemid 28483341)
21. Štifter S, Babarović E, Valković T, et al. Combined evaluation of bone marrow aspirate and biopsy is superior in the prognosis of multiple myeloma. Diagn Pathol 2010;5:30.
22. Greipp PR, Raymond NM, Kyle RA, et al. Multiple myeloma: significance of plasmablastic morphological classification. Blood 1985;65:305-10. (Pubitemid 15163565)
23. Carter A, Hocherman I, Linn S, et al. Prognostic significance of plasma cell morphology in multiple myeloma. Cancer 1987;60:1060-5. (Pubitemid 17157219)
24. Goasguen JE, Zandecki M, Mathiot C, et al. Mature plasma cells as indicator of better prognosis in multiple myeloma. New methodology for the assessment of plasma cell morphology. Leuk Res 1999;23:1133-40.
25. Gupta R, Setia N, Arora P, et al. Hematological profile in pyrexia of unknown origin: role of bone marrow trephine biopsy vis-à-vis aspiration. Hematology 2008;13:307-12.
26. Riley RS, Williams D, Ross M, et al. Bone marrow aspirate and biopsy: a pathologist's perspective. II. Interpretation of the bone marrow aspirate and biopsy. J Clin Lab Anal 2009;23:259-307.
27. Wang LJ, Glasser L. Spurious dyserythropoiesis. Am J Clin Pathol 2002;117:57-9. (Pubitemid 34052473)
28. Hughes DA, Stuart-Smith SE, Bain BJ. How should stainable iron in bone marrow films be assessed? J Clin Pathol 2004;57:1038-40.
29. Tso A, Kumaran TO, Bain BJ. Case 41: a misdiagnosis of erythroleukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2009;50:1-3.
30. Gregg XT, Reddy V, Prchal JT. Copper deficiency masquerading as myelodysplastic syndrome. Blood 2002;100:1493-5. (Pubitemid 34864311)
31. Mufti G. Minimal diagnostic criteria in MDS: setting the bar. MDS Foundation Symposium 'The Puzzle of MDS: How Do the Pieces Fit? Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology, Atlanta, GA, 2005.
32. Bain BJ. Problems in the morphological diagnosis of MDS. Satellite Symposium: An evolution in the Understanding of Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Amsterdam: European Hematology Association Congress, 2006.
33. Brunning RD, Hasserjian RP, Porwit A, et al. Refractory cytopenia with unilineage dysplasia. In: Jaffe ES, Harris NL, Swerdlow SH, eds. World Health Organization Classification of Tumours: Pathology and Genetics of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. Lyon: IARC Press, 2008:94-5.
34. Méhes G, Luegmayr A, Kornmüller R, et al. Detection of disseminated tumor cells in neuroblastoma: 3 log improvement in sensitivity by automatic immunofluorescence plus FISH (AIPF) analysis compared with classical bone marrow cytology. Am J Pathol 2003;163:393-9. (Pubitemid 36909403)
35. Anand M, Thavaraj V. Ensuring correctness of bone marrow reports in infants: role of the pediatrician. Indian Pediatr 2005;42:834-5. (Pubitemid 41207505)
36. Kawakami A, Fukunaga T, Usui M, et al. Visceral leishmaniasis misdiagnosed as malignant lymphoma. Intern Med 1996;35:502-6. (Pubitemid 26247870)
37. Gagnaire MH, Galambrun C, Stéphan JL. Hemophagocytic syndrome: a misleading complication of visceral leishmaniasis in children - a series of 12 cases. Pediatrics 2000;106:e58.
38. Olivieri O, Gandini G, Baiocco R, et al. Visceral leishmaniasis presenting as dyserythropoiesis associated with increased i-antigenicity of erythrocytes. Haematologica 1987;72:163-5.
39. Tanvetyanon T, Leighton JC. Severe anemia and marrow plasmacytosis as presentation of Sjögren's syndrome. Am J Hematol 2002;69:233. (Pubitemid 34177483)
40. Torlakovic EE, Naresh KN, Brunning RD. Bone Marrow Immunohistochemistry. Chicago: ASCP Press, 2008:134.
41. Bayley J, Pavlû J, Thompson M. Striking bone marrow plasmacytosis in a patient with sickle cell anaemia. Br J Haematol 2008;144:457.
42. Wilson MS, Weiss LM, Gatter KC, et al. Malignant histiocytosis: a reassessment of cases previously reported in 1975 based on paraffin section immunophenotyping studies. Cancer 1990;66:530-6.
43. May M. A better lens on disease. Sci Am 2010;302:74-7.