Regional GPS TEC modeling; Attempted spatial and temporal extrapolation of TEC using neural networks

Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics

Volumn 116, Issue 4, 2011, Pages

  Habarulema, John Bosco ^a,b   McKinnell, Lee Anne ^a,b   Opperman, Ben D L ^a  

^a HERMANUS MAGNETIC OBSERVATORY   (South Africa)

^b RHODES UNIVERSITY   (South Africa)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 79955073868     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21699402     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2010JA016269     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Anderson, D. N., M. Mendillo, and B. Herniter (1987), A semi-empirical low-latitude ionospheric model, Radio Sci., 22(2), 292-306.
2. Araujo-Pradere, E. A., and T. J. Fuller-Rowell (2002), STORM: An emperical storm-time ionospheric correction model: 2. Validation, Radio Sci., 37(5), 1071, doi:10.1029/2002RS002620.
3. Araujo-Pradere, E. A., T. J. Fuller-Rowell, and M. V. Codrescu (2002), STORM: An emperical storm-time ionospheric correction model: 1. Description, Radio Sci., 37(5), 1070, doi:10.1029/2001RS002467.
4. Belehaki, A., N. Jakowski, and B. W. Reinisch (2004), Plasmaspheric electron content derived from GPS and digisonde ionograms, Adv. Space Res., 33(6), 833-837. (Pubitemid 38503182)
5. Bilitza, D. (2001), The international reference ionosphere 2000, Radio Sci., 36(2), 261-275.
6. Bishop, C. M. (1995), Neural Networks for Pattern Recognition, Oxford Univ. Press, New York.
7. Breed, A., G. Goodwin, A.-M. Vandenberg, E. A. Essex, K. J. W. Lynn, and J. H. Silby (1997), Ionospheric total electron content and slab thickness determined in Austria, Radio Sci., 32(4), 1635-1643. (Pubitemid 127581842)
8. Buresova, D., D. Altadill, M. Morset, and G. Miro' (2004), Predicted and measured bottomside F-region electron density and variability of the D1 parameter under quiet and disturbed conditions over Europe, Adv. Space Res., 34, 1973-1981.
9. Cander, L. R. (1998), Artificial neural network applications in ionospheric studies, Ann. Geofis., 56, 757-766. (Pubitemid 29231462)
10. Cander, L. R., M. M. Milosavljevic, S. S. Stankovic, and S. Tomasevic (1998), Ionospheric forecasting technique by artificial neural network, Electron. Lett., 34, 1573-1574. (Pubitemid 128610612)
11. Chan, A. H. Y., and P. S. Canon (2002), Nonlinear forecast of foF2: Variation of model predictive accuracy over time, Ann. Geophys., 20, 1031-1038. (Pubitemid 34854064)
12. Habarulema, J. B. (2010), A contribution to TEC modelling over southern Africa using GPS data, Ph.D. thesis, Rhodes Univ., Grahamstown, South Africa.
13. Habarulema, J. B., L.-A. McKinnell, and P. J. Cilliers (2007), Prediction of Global Positioning System total electron content using neural networks over South Africa, J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys., 69(15), 1842-1850. (Pubitemid 350010598)
14. Habarulema, J. B., L.-A. McKinnell, and B. D. L. Opperman (2009), Towards a GPS-based TEC prediction model for southern African with feed forward networks, Adv. Space Res., 44(1), 82-92.
15. Habarulema, J. B., L.-A. McKinnell, and B. D. L. Opperman (2010), TEC measurements and modelling over southern Africa during magnetic storms: A comparative analysis, J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys., 72(5-6), 509-520.
16. Haykin, S. (1994), Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Foundation, Macmillan Coll. Publ., New York.
17. Hernandez-Pajares, M., J. M. Juan, and J. Sanz (1997), Neural network modelling of the ionospheric electron content at global scale using GPS, Radio Sci., 32, 1081-1090.
18. Joseyln, J. A. (1995), Geomagnetic activity forecasting; the state of the art, Rev. Geophys., 3, 383-401.
19. Klobuchar, J. A. (1987), Ionospheric time-delay algorithm for singlefrequency GPS users, IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., 23(3), 325-331.
20. Komjathy, A. (1997), Global ionospheric total electron content mapping using the Global Positioning System, Ph.D. thesis, Univ. of New Brunswick, Fredericton, N. B., Canada.
21. Krankowski, A. K., W. Kosek, L. W. Baran, and W. Popinski (2005), Wavelet analysis and forecasting of VTEC obtained with GPS observations over European latitudes, J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys., 67, 1147-1156. (Pubitemid 41150245)
22. Leandro, R. F., and M. C. Santos (2007), A neural network approach for regional vertical total electron content modelling, Stud. Geophys. Geodaet., 51(2), 279-292. (Pubitemid 46839653)
23. McKinnell, L.-A., and A. W. V. Poole (2003), A neural network based electron density model for the E layer, Adv. Space Res. 31(3) 589-595. (Pubitemid 36594734)
24. McKinnell, L. A., B. Opperman, and P. J. Cilliers (2007), GPS TEC and ionosonde TEC over Grahamstown, South Africa: First comparisons, Adv. Space Res., 39, 816-820. (Pubitemid 46754552)
25. Moeketsi, D. (2008), Solar cycle effects on GNSS-derived ionospheric total electron content observed over southern Africa, Ph.D. thesis, Rhodes Univ., Grahamstown, South Africa.
26. Moeketsi, D. M., W. L. Combrinck, L. A. McKinnell, and M. Fedrizzi (2007), Mapping GPS-derived ionospheric total electron content over southern Africa during different epochs of solar cycle, Adv. Space Res., 39, 821-829. (Pubitemid 46778778)
27. Moeketsi, D., L.-A. McKinnell, and W. L. Combrinck (2009), Validation of University of New Brunswick ionospheric mapping technique with ionosonde TEC estimation over South Africa, Adv. Space Res., 44, 725-735.
28. Mosert, M., M. Gende, C. Brunini, R. Ezquer, and D. Altadill (2007), Comparison of IRI TEC predictions with GPS and digisonde measurements at Ebro, Adv. Space Res., 39, 841-847. (Pubitemid 46778776)
29. Müller, B., and J. Reinhardt (1990), Neural Networks; An Introduction, Springer, Berlin.
30. Opperman, B. (2008), Reconstructing ionospheric TEC over South Africa using signals from a regional GPS network, Ph.D. thesis, Rhodes Univ., Grahamstown, South Africa.
31. Opperman, B. D. L., P. J. Cilliers, L.-A. McKinnell, and R. Haggard (2007), Development of a regional GPS-based ionospheric TEC model for South Africa, Adv. Space Res., 39, 808-815. (Pubitemid 46754562)
32. Oyeyemi, E. O., L.-A. McKinnell, and A. W. V. Poole (2006), Near-real time foF2 predictions using neural networks, J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys., 68(16), 1807-1818. (Pubitemid 44615502)
33. Reinisch, B. W., and X. Huang (2001), Deducing topside profiles and total electron content from bottomside ionograms, Adv. Space Res., 27(1), 23-30. (Pubitemid 32554802)
34. Reinisch, B. W., I. A. Galkin, G. Khmyrov, A. Kozlov, and D. F. Kitrosser (2004), Automated collection and dessimination of ionospheric data from digisonde network, Adv. Radio Sci., 2, 241-247.
35. Senalp, E. T., E. Tulunay, and Y. Tulunay (2008), Total electron content (TEC) forecasting by cascade modeling, A possible alternative to the IRI-2001, Radio Sci., 43, RS4016, doi:10.1029/2007RS003719.
36. Stankov, S. M., I. Kutiev, N. Jakowski, and A. Wehrenpfennig (2001), A new method for total electron content forecasting using Global Positioning System measurements, in Proceedings of the ESA Space Weather Workshop, Noordwijk, the Netherlands, pp. 169-172, Noordwijk, Netherlands.
37. Tulunay, E., E. T. Senalp, L. R. Cander, Y. K. Tulunay, A. H. Bilge, E. Mizrahi, S. S. Kouris, and N. Jakowski (2004), Development of algorithms and software for forecasting, nowcasting and variability of TEC, Ann Geophys., 47(2/3), 1201-1214. (Pubitemid 39533375)
38. Tulunay, E., E. T. Senalp, S. M. Radicella, and Y. Tulunay (2006), Forecasting total electron content maps by neural network technique, Radio Sci., 41(4), RS4016, doi:10.1029/2005RS003285. (Pubitemid 44598779)
39. Watson, M. (1991), Common LISP Modules; Artificial Intelligence in the Era of Neural Networks and Chaos Theory, Springer, Berlin.
40. Williscroft, L.-A., and A. W. Poole (1996), Neural networks, foF2, sunspot number and magnetic activity, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23(24), 3659-3662. (Pubitemid 126671725)
41. Yilmaz, A., K. E. Akdogan, and M. Gurun (2009), Regional TEC mapping using neural networks, Radio Sci., 44, RS3007, doi:10.1029/ 2008RS004049.