Objective scar assessment tools: A clinimetric appraisal

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

Volumn 127, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 1561-1570

  Verhaegen, Pauline D H M ^a,b,c,d   Van Der Wal, Martijn B A ^a,b,c,d   Middelkoop, Esther ^a,b,c,d   Van Zuijlen, Paul P M ^a,b,c,d  

^a Association of Dutch Burn Centers   (Netherlands)

^b RED CROSS HOSPITAL   (Netherlands)

^c ACADEMIC MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^d VU UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLASSIFICATION; DERMATOLOGY; HUMAN; INSTRUMENTATION; METHODOLOGY; PATHOLOGY; REVIEW; SCAR;

CICATRIX; DERMATOLOGY; HUMANS;

EID: 79955044708     PISSN: 00321052     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e31820a641a     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Baryza MJ, Baryza GA. The Vancouver Scar Scale: An administration tool and its interrater reliability. J Burn Care Rehabil. 1995;16:535-538.
2. Sullivan T, Smith J, Kermode J, McIver E, Courtemanche DJ. Rating the burn scar. J Burn Care Rehabil. 1990;11:256-260.
3. Draaijers LJ, Tempelman FR, Botman YA, et al. The patient and observer scar assessment scale: A reliable and feasible tool for scar evaluation. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2004;113:1960-1965; discussion 1966-1967. (Pubitemid 39201711)
4. van de Kar AL, Corion LU, Smeulders MJ, et al. Reliable and feasible evaluation of linear scars by the Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2005;116:514-522. (Pubitemid 41077205)
5. Brusselaers N, Pirayesh A, Hoeksema H, Verbelen J, Blot S, Monstrey S. Burn scar assessment: A systematic review of objective scar assessment tools. Burns 2010;36:1157-1164.
6. Streiner DL, Norman GR. Reliability. In: Streiner DL, Norman GR, eds. Health Measurement Scales: A Practical Guide to Their Development and Use. 4th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2008:167-210.
7. Nunnaly JC. Psychometric Theory. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1978.
8. Streiner DL, Norman GR. Validity. In: Streiner DL, Norman GR, eds. Health Measurement Scales: A Practical Guide to Their Development and Use. 4th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2008:247-276.
9. Andresen EM. Criteria for assessing the tools of disability outcomes research. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2000;81: S15-S20.
10. Draaijers LJ, Tempelman FR, Botman YA, Kreis RW, Middelkoop E, van Zuijlen PP. Colour evaluation in scars: Tristimulus colorimeter, narrow-band simple reflectance meter or subjective evaluation? Burns 2004;30:103-107. (Pubitemid 38199857)
11. Li-Tsang CW, Lau JC, Liu SK. Validation of an objective scar pigmentation measurement by using a spectrocolorimeter. Burns 2003;29:779-784. (Pubitemid 37433912)
12. Nedelec B, Correa JA, Rachelska G, Armour A, LaSalle L. Quantitative measurement of hypertrophic scar: Interrater reliability and concurrent validity. J Burn Care Res. 2008;29:501-511. (Pubitemid 351667931)
13. Van den Kerckhove E, Stappaerts K, Fieuws S, et al. The assessment of erythema and thickness on burn related scars during pressure garment therapyas a preventive measure for hypertrophic scarring. Burns 2005;31:696-702. (Pubitemid 41208220)
14. Lau JC, Li-Tsang CW, Zheng YP. Application of tissue ultrasound palpation system (TUPS) in objective scar evaluation. Burns 2005;31:445-452. (Pubitemid 40724481)
15. Kautzky F, Dahm MW, Drosner M, Köhler LD. Direct profilometry of the skin: Its reproducibility and variability. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 1995;5:15-23.
16. Fischer TW, Wigger-Alberti W, Elsner P. Direct and nondirect measurement techniques for analysis of skin surface topography. Skin Pharmacol Appl Skin Physiol. 1999;12:1-11. (Pubitemid 29257445)
17. De Paepe K, Lagarde JM, Gall Y, Roseeuw D, Rogiers V. Microrelief of the skin using a light transmission method. Arch Dermatol Res. 2000;292:500-510. (Pubitemid 32112808)
18. Lagarde JM, Rouvrais C, Black D, Diridollou S, Gall Y. Skin topography measurement by interference fringe projection: A technical validation. Skin Res Technol. 2001;7:112-121. (Pubitemid 32409579)
19. Bloemen MCT, van Gerven MS, van der Wal MBA, Verhaegen PDHM, Middelkoop E. An objective measuring device for surface roughness in skin and scars. J Am Acad Dermatol. Epublished ahead of print January 7, 2011.
20. Draaijers LJ, Botman YA, Tempelman FR, Kreis RW, Middelkoop E, van Zuijlen PP. Skin elasticity meter or subjective evaluation in scars: A reliability assessment. Burns 2004;30:109-114. (Pubitemid 38199858)
21. Pedersen LK, Hansen B, Jemec GB. Mechanical properties of the skin: A comparison between two suction cup methods. Skin Res Technol. 2003;9:111-115. (Pubitemid 36603653)
22. Merkel PA, Silliman NP, Denton CP, et al. Validity, reliability, and feasibility of durometer measurements of scleroderma skin disease in a multicenter treatment trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2008;59:699-705. (Pubitemid 351679546)
23. Corica GF, Wigger NC, Edgar DW, Wood FM, Carroll S. Objective measurement of scarring by multiple assessors: Is the tissue tonometer a reliable option? J Burn Care Res. 2006;27:520-523. (Pubitemid 44510444)
24. Lye I, Edgar DW, Wood FM, Carroll S. Tissue tonometry is a simple, objective measure for pliability of burn scar: Is it reliable? J Burn Care Res. 2006;27:82-85. (Pubitemid 43970345)
25. Murray BC, Wickett RR. Correlations between Dermal Torque Meter, Cutometer, and Dermal Phase Meter measurements of human skin. Skin Res Technol. 1997;3:101-106. (Pubitemid 27267620)
26. Verhaegen PD, Res EM, van Engelen A, Middelkoop E, van Zuijlen PP. A reliable, non-invasive measurement tool for anisotropy in normal skin and scar tissue. Skin Res Technol. 2010;16:325-331.
27. van Zuijlen PP, Angeles AP, Suijker MH, Kreis RW, Middelkoop E. Reliability and accuracy of techniques for surface area measurements of wounds and scars. Int J Low Extrem Wounds 2004;3:7-11.
28. Laplaud AL, Blaizot X, Gaillard C, et al. Wound debridement: Comparative reliability of three methods for measuring fibrin percentage inchronic wounds. Wound Repair Regen. 2010;18:13-20.
29. Sugama J, Matsui Y, Sanada H, Konya C, Okuwa M, Kitagawa A. A study of the efficiency and convenience of an advanced portable Wound Measurement System (VISITRAK). J Clin Nurs. 2007;16:1265-1269.
30. Wunderlich RP, Peters EJ, Armstrong DG, Lavery LA. Reliability of digital videometry and acetate tracing in measuring the surface area of cutaneous wounds. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2000;49:87-92. (Pubitemid 30665452)
31. Frantz RA, Johnson DA. Stereophotography and computerized image analysis: A three-dimensional method of measuring wound healing. Wounds 1992;4:58-64.
32. Plassmann P, Jones TD. MAVIS: A non-invasive instrument to measure area and volume of wounds. Measurement of Area and Volume Instrument System. Med Eng Phys. 1998;20:332-338. (Pubitemid 28461965)
33. Van den Kerckhove E, Staes F, Flour M, Stappaerts K, Boeckx W. Reproducibility of repeated measurements on healthy skin with Minolta Chromameter CR-300. Skin Res Technol. 2001;7:56-59. (Pubitemid 32061000)
34. Diffey BL, Oliver RJ, Farr PM. A portable instrument for quantifying erythema induced by ultraviolet radiation. Br J Dermatol. 1984;111:663-672. (Pubitemid 15222545)
35. Farr PM, Diffey BL. Quantitative studies on cutaneous erythema induced by ultraviolet radiation. Br J Dermatol. 1984;111:673-682. (Pubitemid 15222546)
36. Diffey BL, Farr PM, Oakley AM. Quantitative studies on UVA-induced erythema in human skin. Br J Dermatol. 1987;117:57-66. (Pubitemid 17096136)
37. Clarys P, Alewaeters K, Lambrecht R, Barel AO. Skin color measurements: Comparison between three instruments: The Chromameter (R), the Derma Spectrometer (R) and the Mexameter (R). Skin Res Technol. 2000;6:230-238.
38. Nedelec B, Correa JA, Rachelska G, Armour A, LaSalle L. Quantitative measurement of hypertrophic scar: Intrarater reliability, sensitivity, and specificity. J Burn Care Res. 2008;29:489-500. (Pubitemid 351667930)
39. Nedelec B, Shankowsky HA, Tredget EE. Rating the resolving hypertrophic scar: Comparison of the Vancouver Scar Scale and scar volume. J Burn Care Rehabil. 2000;21:205-212. (Pubitemid 30396350)
40. Sampson J. A method of replicating dry or moist surfaces for examination by light microscopy. Nature 1961;191:932-933.
41. Sarkany I. Amethod for studying the microtopography ofthe skin. Br J Dermatol. 1962;74:254-259.
42. Makki S, Barbenel JC, Agache P. A quantitative method for the assessment of the microtopography of human skin. Acta Derm Venereol. 1979;59:285-291. (Pubitemid 9230086)
43. Barbenel JC, Makki S, Agache P. The variability of skin surface contours. Ann Biomed Eng. 1980;8:175-182. (Pubitemid 11172595)
44. Hatzis J. The wrinkle and its measurement: A skin surface Profilometric method. Micron 2004;35:201-219. (Pubitemid 38225246)
45. Lévêque JL. EEMCO guidance for the assessment of skin topography. The European Expert Group on Efficacy Measurement of Cosmetics and other Topical Products. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 1999;12:103-114.
46. Saur R, Schramm U, Steinhoff R, Wolff HH. Structure analysis of the skin surface using computer-assisted laser profilometry: New method for the quantitative assessment of roughness structure of the skin (in German). Hautarzt 1991;42:499-506.
47. Friedman PM, Skover GR, Payonk G, Kauvar AN, Geronemus RG. 3D in-vivo optical skin imaging for topographical quantitative assessment of non-ablative laser technology. Dermatol Surg. 2002;28:199-204. (Pubitemid 34259743)
48. Piérard GE, Nikkels-Tassoudji N, Piérard-Franchimont C. Influence of the test area on the mechanical properties of skin. Dermatology 1995;191:9-15.
49. Fong SS, Hung LK, Cheng JC. The cutometer and ultrasonography in the assessment of postburn hypertrophic scar: A preliminary study. Burns 1997;23(SUPPL 1): S12-S18. (Pubitemid 27231944)
50. Serup J, Northeved A. Skin elasticity in localized scleroderma (morphoea): Introduction of a biaxial in vivo method for measurement of tensile distensibility, hysteresis, and resilient distension of diseased and normal skin. J Dermatol. 1985;12:52-62. (Pubitemid 15104299)
51. Serup J, Northeved A. Skin elasticity in psoriasis: In vivo measurement of tensile distensibility, hysteresis and resilient distension with a new method. Comparison with skin thickness as measured with high-frequency ultrasound. J Dermatol. 1985;12:318-324. (Pubitemid 15248857)
52. Elsner P, Wilhelm D, Maibach HI. Mechanical properties of human forearm and vulvar skin. Br J Dermatol. 1990;122:607-614. (Pubitemid 20153658)
53. Pedersen LK, Jemec GB. Plasticising effect of water and glycerin on human skin in vivo. J Dermatol Sci. 1999;19:48-52. (Pubitemid 28552871)
54. Katz SM, Frank DH, Leopold GR, Wachtel TL. Objective measurement of hypertrophic burn scar: A preliminary study of tonometry and ultrasonography. Ann Plast Surg. 1985;14:121-127. (Pubitemid 15133527)
55. Spann K, Mileski WJ, Atiles L, Purdue G, Hunt J. The 1996 Clinical Research award: Use of a pneumatonometer in burn scar assessment. J Burn Care Rehabil. 1996;17:515-517.
56. Falanga V, Bucalo B. Use of a durometer to assess skin hardness. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1993;29:47-51. (Pubitemid 23197194)
57. Romanelli M, Falanga V. Use of a durometer to measure the degree of skin induration in lipodermatosclerosis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1995;32:188-191.
58. LeBlanc N, Falabella A, Murata H, Hasan A, Weiss E, Falanga V. Durometer measurements of skin induration in venous disease. Dermatol Surg. 1997;23:285-287. (Pubitemid 27208950)
59. Seyger MM, van den Hoogen FH, de Boo T, de Jong EM. Reliability of two methods to assess morphea: Skin scoring and the use of a durometer. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1997;37:793-796. (Pubitemid 27500332)
60. Kissin EY, Schiller AM, Gelbard RB, et al. Durometry for the assessment of skin disease in systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Rheum. 2006;55:603-609. (Pubitemid 44289881)
61. Boyce ST, Supp AP, Wickett RR, Hoath SB, Warden GD. Assessment with the dermal torque meter of skin pliability after treatment of burns with cultured skin substitutes. J Burn Care Rehabil. 2000;21:55-63. (Pubitemid 30062883)
62. Leveque JL, de Rigal J, Agache PG, Monneur C. Influence of ageing on the in vivo extensibility of human skin at a low stress. Arch Dermatol Res. 1980;269:127-135. (Pubitemid 11241318)
63. Nizet JL, Piérard-Franchimont C, Piérard GE. Influence of body posture and gravitational forces on shear wave propagation in the skin. Dermatology 2001;202:177-180. (Pubitemid 32337179)
64. Bryant RA. Acute and Chronic Wounds: Nursing Management. St. Louis: Mosby; 1992.
65. Bohannon RW, Pfaller BA. Documentation of wound surface area from tracings of wound perimeters: Clinical report on three techniques. Phys Ther. 1983;63:1622-1624. (Pubitemid 13010972)
66. Ferrell BA, Artinian BM, Sessing D. The Sessing scale for assessment of pressure ulcer healing. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1995;43:37-40.
67. Liskay AM, Mion LC, Davis BR. Comparison of two devices for wound measurement. Dermatol Nurs. 1993;5:437-441, 434.
68. Thomas AC, Wysocki AB. The healing wound: A comparison of three clinically useful methods of measurement. Decubitus 1990;3:18-20, 24-25.
69. Anthony D, Barnes E. Pressure sores. One. Measuring pressure sores accurately. Nurs Times 1984;80:33-35.
70. Kim NH, Wysocki AB, Bovik AC, Diller KR. A microcomputer-based vision system for area measurement. Comput Biol Med. 1987;17:173-183.
71. Cutler NR, George R, Seifert R, et al. Comparison of quantitative methodologies to define chronic pressure ulcer measurements. Decubitus 1993;6:22-30.
72. Johnson M, Miller R. Measuring healing in leg ulcers: Practice considerations. Appl Nurs Res. 1996;9:204-208. (Pubitemid 126667077)
73. Bulstrode CJ, Goode AW, Scott PJ. Stereophotogrammetry for measuring rates of cutaneous healing: A comparison with conventional techniques. Clin Sci (Lond.) 1986;71:437-443. (Pubitemid 16012443)
74. Wysocki AB. Wound measurement. Int J Dermatol. 1996;35:82-91. (Pubitemid 26072784)