The risks and benefits of implementing glycemic control guidelines in frail older adults with diabetes mellitus

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

Volumn 59, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 666-672

  Lee, Sei J ^a,d   Boscardin, W John ^a   Stijacic Cenzer, Irena ^a   Huang, Elbert S ^b   Rice Trumble, Kathy ^c   Eng, Catherine ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^c On Lok Lifeways   (United States)

^d SAN FRANCISCO VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

diabetes mellitus; glycemic control; guideline; hypoglycemia; PACE

Indexed keywords

ACARBOSE; GLIBENCLAMIDE; GLIMEPIRIDE; GLUCOSE; HEMOGLOBIN A1C; INSULIN; INSULIN GLARGINE; ISOPHANE INSULIN; METFORMIN; PIOGLITAZONE; ROSIGLITAZONE;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; ASIAN; COMORBIDITY; DAILY LIFE ACTIVITY; DIABETES MELLITUS; DISEASE SEVERITY; ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORD; EMERGENCY CARE; ETHNIC DIFFERENCE; ETHNICITY; FEMALE; FRAIL ELDERLY; GLUCOSE BLOOD LEVEL; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; HEALTH PROGRAM; HEMOGLOBIN ANALYSIS; HEMOGLOBIN BLOOD LEVEL; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HISPANIC; HUMAN; HYPERGLYCEMIA; HYPOGLYCEMIA; INSULIN TREATMENT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL SOCIETY; PATIENT MONITORING; POINT OF CARE TESTING; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; RACE; RISK BENEFIT ANALYSIS;

ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING; AGED; AGED, 80 AND OVER; BLOOD GLUCOSE; DIABETES MELLITUS; FEMALE; HEMOGLOBIN A, GLYCOSYLATED; HUMANS; HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS; INSULIN; MALE; METFORMIN; MIDDLE AGED; PRACTICE GUIDELINES AS TOPIC; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; RISK FACTORS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 79954834265     PISSN: 00028614     EISSN: 15325415     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03362.x     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. ADA. Blood glucose control for diabetes. Diabetes Care 1990; 13: S16-S17.
2. Fleming BB, Greenfield S, Engelgau MM, et al,. The diabetes quality improvement project: Moving science into health policy to gain an edge on the diabetes epidemic. Diabetes Care 2001; 24: 1815-1820.
3. NICE. Management of Type 2 Diabetes: Management of Blood Glucose. September 2002 [on-line]. Available at: Accessed July 15, 2010.
4. The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1993; 329: 977-986.
5. UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet 1998; 352: 837-853.
6. ADA. Standards of medical care for patients with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 2003; 26 (Suppl 1): S33-S50.
7. Gerstein HC, Miller ME, Byington RP, et al,. Effects of intensive glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2008; 358: 2545-259.
8. NCQA. HEDIS 2009 Technical Specifications for Physician Measurement. Washington, DC: National Committee for Quality Assurance, 2008.
9. NICE. The Management of Type 2 Diabetes. May 2008 [on-line]. Available at: Accessed July 15, 2010.
10. Skyler JS, Bergenstal R, Bonow RO, et al,. Intensive glycemic control and the prevention of cardiovascular events: Implications of the ACCORD, ADVANCE, and VA diabetes trials: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association and a scientific statement of the American College of Cardiology Foundation and the American Heart Association. Circulation 2009; 119: 351-357.
11. Abbatecola AM, Paolisso G., Diabetes care targets in older persons. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2009; 86 (Suppl 1): S35-S40.
12. Alam T, Weintraub N, Weinreb J., What is the proper use of hemoglobin A1c monitoring in the elderly? J Am Med Dir Assoc 2005; 6: 200-204. (Pubitemid 40645434)
13. Araki A, Ito H., Diabetes mellitus and geriatric syndromes. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2009; 9: 105-114.
14. Brown AF, Mangione CM, Saliba D, et al,. Guidelines for improving the care of the older person with diabetes mellitus. J Am Geriatr Soc 2003; 51: S265-S280. (Pubitemid 36535105)
15. Chen LK, Lin MH, Lai HY, et al,. Care of patients with diabetes mellitus in long-term care facilities in Taiwan: Diagnosis, glycemic control, hypoglycemia, and functional status. J Am Geriatr Soc 2008; 56: 1975-1976.
16. Constans T., Plasma glucose goals and therapeutic management in elderly diabetic patients. Diabetes Metab 2005; 31 (Spec No 2): 5S58-5S61. (Pubitemid 43106444)
17. Havas S., The ACCORD Trial and control of blood glucose level in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Time to challenge conventional wisdom. Arch Intern Med 2009; 169: 150-154.
18. Pogach L, Aron D., Balancing hypoglycemia and glycemic control: A public health approach for insulin safety. JAMA 2010; 303: 2076-2077.
19. Duckworth W, Abraira C, Moritz T, et al,. Glucose control and vascular complications in veterans with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2009; 360: 129-139.
20. Patel A, MacMahon S, Chalmers J, et al,. Intensive blood glucose control and vascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2008; 358: 2560-2572. (Pubitemid 351831357)
21. Ben-Ami H, Nagachandran P, Mendelson A, et al,. Drug-induced hypoglycemic coma in 102 diabetic patients. Arch Intern Med 1999; 159: 281-284. (Pubitemid 29075648)
22. Shorr RI, Ray WA, Daugherty JR, et al,. Incidence and risk factors for serious hypoglycemia in older persons using insulin or sulfonylureas. Arch Intern Med 1997; 157: 1681-1686. (Pubitemid 27327403)
23. Holman RR, Paul SK, Bethel MA, et al,. 10-year follow-up of intensive glucose control in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2008; 359: 1577-1589.
24. Nathan DM, Cleary PA, Backlund JY, et al,. Intensive diabetes treatment and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes. N Engl J Med 2005; 353: 2643-2653. (Pubitemid 41817713)
25. ADA. Executive summary: Standards of medical care in diabetes-2010. Diabetes Care 2010; 33 (Suppl 1): S4-S10.
26. Rodbard HW, Jellinger PS, Davidson JA, et al,. Statement by an American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists/American College of Endocrinology consensus panel on type 2 diabetes mellitus: An algorithm for glycemic control. Endocr Pract 2009; 15: 540-559.
27. Bodenheimer T., Long-term care for frail elderly people-the On Lok model. N Engl J Med 1999; 341: 1324-1328. (Pubitemid 29489757)
28. Eng C, Pedulla J, Eleazer GP, et al,. Program of All-inclusive Care for the Elderly (PACE): An innovative model of integrated geriatric care and financing. J Am Geriatr Soc 1997; 45: 223-232.
29. Carey EC, Covinsky KE, Lui LY, et al,. Prediction of mortality in community-living frail elderly people with long-term care needs. J Am Geriatr Soc 2007; 56: 68-75.
30. Quan H, Sundararajan V, Halfon P, et al,. Coding algorithms for defining comorbidities in ICD-9-CM and ICD-10 administrative data. Med Care 2005; 43: 1130-1139. (Pubitemid 41587600)
31. Alexander GC, Sehgal NL, Moloney RM, et al,. National trends in treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, 1994-2007. Arch Intern Med 2008; 168: 2088-2094.
32. Tattersall R, Gregory R, Selby C, et al,. Course of brittle diabetes: 12 year follow up. BMJ 1991; 302: 1240-1243.
33. Schade DS, Burge MR., Brittle diabetes: Etiology and treatment. Adv Endocrinol Metab 1995; 6: 289-319.
34. Jamtvedt G, Young JM, Kristoffersen DT, et al, Audit and feedback: Effects on professional practice and health care outcomes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2006; CD000259.
35. Lu CY, Ross-Degnan D, Soumerai SB, et al,. Interventions designed to improve the quality and efficiency of medication use in managed care: A critical review of the literature-2001-2007. BMC Health Serv Res 2008; 8: 75.
36. Ostini R, Hegney D, Jackson C, et al,. Systematic review of interventions to improve prescribing. Ann Pharmacother 2009; 43: 502-513.
37. O'Malley AS, Clancy C, Thompson J, et al,. Clinical practice guidelines and performance indicators as related-but often misunderstood-tools. Jt Comm J Qual Saf 2004; 30: 163-171.
38. Shekelle PG, MacLean CH, Morton SC, et al,. ACOVE quality indicators. Ann Intern Med 2001; 135: 653-667.
39. Hayward RA., All-or-nothing treatment targets make bad performance measures. Am J Manage Care 2007; 13: 126-128. (Pubitemid 46435370)
40. Hayward RA., Performance measurement in search of a path. N Engl J Med 2007; 356: 951-953. (Pubitemid 46339917)
41. Walter LC, Davidowitz NP, Heineken PA, et al,. Pitfalls of converting practice guidelines into quality measures: Lessons learned from a VA performance measure. JAMA 2004; 291: 2466-2470.
42. ADA Standards of medical care in diabetes-2009. Diabetes Care 2009; 32 (Suppl 1): S13-S61.
43. Shojania KG, Ranji SR, McDonald KM, et al,. Effects of quality improvement strategies for type 2 diabetes on glycemic control: A meta-regression analysis. JAMA 2006; 296: 427-440. (Pubitemid 44127527)
44. Manton KG, Corder LS, Stallard E., Estimates of change in chronic disability and institutional incidence and prevalence rates in the U.S. elderly population from the 1982, 1984, and 1989 National Long Term Care Survey. J Gerontol 1993; 48: S153-S166. (Pubitemid 23199256)