A bicycle can be self-stable without gyroscopic or caster effects

Science

Volumn 332, Issue 6027, 2011, Pages 339-342

  Kooijman, J D G ^a   Meijaard, J P ^b   Papadopoulos, Jim M ^c   Ruina, Andy ^d   Schwab, A L ^a  

^a DELFT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Netherlands)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TWENTE   (Netherlands)

^c UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN STOUT   (United States)

^d Cornell University   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FRONT; LINEARITY; MASS; STABILITY ANALYSIS;

ACCELERATION; ARTICLE; BICYCLE; MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS; MATHEMATICAL MODEL; MOTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

EID: 79954597529     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: 10959203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.1201959     Document Type: Article

References (22)

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13. In the preface to (11), the authors credit Fritz Noether for the ideas in the bicycle chapter.
14. W. Thomson, Popular Lectures and Addresses (Macmillian, London, 1889), 1, pp. 142-146.
15. J. M. Papadopoulos, Bicycle steering dynamics and self-stability: A summary report on work in progress (1987), Internal report from the Cornell Bicycle Research Project; available at http://ruina.tam.cornell.edu/research/ topics/bicycle-mechanics/bicycle-steering.pdf.
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19. R. S. Hand helped with the theory and experiments.
20. A. Dressel helped with the eigenvalue analysis.
21. J. van Frankenhuyzen helped with designing the experimental machine.
22. J. Moore helped with conducting the experiments. The manuscript was improved by comments from M. Broide, M. Cook, A. Dressel, J. Guckenheimer, R. Klein, D. Limebeer, C. Miller, J. Moore, R. Pohl, L. Schaffer, and D. van Nouhuys. The research was initially supported by a NSF Presidential Young Investigators award to A.R. The original theory was mostly by J.M.P. with later refinement by A.L.S. J.P.M. found the error in (11). Experiments were performed mostly by J.D.G.K. and A.L.S. Writing was done mostly by A.R. and A.L.S.