MMPI-II personality profiles of patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures

Epilepsy and Behavior

Volumn 20, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 674-680

  Bodde, Nynke M G ^a   Bartelet, Dimona C J ^a   Ploegmakers, Maria ^b   Lazeron, Richard H C ^a   Aldenkamp, Albert P ^a,d   Boon, Paul A J M ^a,c  

^a EPILEPSY CENTER KEMPENHAEGHE   (Netherlands)

^b Reinier van Arkel Groep   (Netherlands)

^c GHENT UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Belgium)

^d MAASTRICHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Conversion disorder; Functional somatic symptom and syndrome; Insomnia; Nonepileptic attack disorders; Personality factors; Psychological etiology; Somatoform disorder

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE COURSE; FEMALE; FUNCTIONAL SOMATIC SYMPTOM AND SYNDROME; HUMAN; INSOMNIA; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MINNESOTA MULTIPHASIC PERSONALITY INVENTORY 2; MOTOR PERFORMANCE; NAMED INVENTORIES, QUESTIONNAIRES AND RATING SCALES; PSYCHOGENIC NONEPILEPTIC SEIZURE; RATING SCALE; SCORING SYSTEM; SEIZURE; SOMATOFORM DISORDER;

ADULT; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT; PERSONALITY DISORDERS; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGIC DISORDERS; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; SEIZURES; SLEEP INITIATION AND MAINTENANCE DISORDERS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 79954592347     PISSN: 15255050     EISSN: 15255069     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2011.01.034     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. Krumholz A., Niedermeyer E. Psychogenic seizures: a clinical study with follow-up data. Neurology 1983, 33:498-502.
2. Leis A.A., Ross M.A., Summers A.K. Psychogenic seizures: ictal characteristics and diagnostic pitfalls. Neurology 1992, 42:95-99.
3. Marquez A.V., Farias S.T., Apperson M., et al. Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures are associated with an increased risk of obesity. Epilepsy Behav 2004, 5:88-93.
4. Sigurdardottir K.R., Olafsson E. Incidence of psychogenic seizures in adults: a population-based study in Iceland. Epilepsia 1998, 39:749-752.
5. Szaflarski J.P., Ficker D.M., Cahill W.T., Privitera M.D. Four-year incidence of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures in adults in Hamilton Country, OH. Neurology 2000, 55:1561-1563.
6. Reuber M., Elger C.E. Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: review and update. Epilepsy Behav 2003, 4:205-216.
7. Benbadis S.R., Hauser A.W. An estimate of the prevalence of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. Seizure 2000, 9:280-281.
8. Alper K. Nonepileptic seizures. Neurol Clin (Epilepsy II: special issues) 1994, 12:153-173.
9. Witgert M.E., Wheless J.W., Breier J.I. Frequency of panic symptoms in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Epilepsy Behav 2005, 6:174-178.
10. Kuyk J., Leijten F., Meinardi H., Spinhoven Ph., van Dyck R. The diagnosis of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: a review. Seizure 1997, 6:243-253.
11. Bodde N.M.G., Brooks J.L., Baker G.A., Boon P.A.J.M., Hendriksen J.G.M., Aldenkamp A.P. Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures-diagnostic issues: a critical review. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2009, 111:1-9.
12. Wilkus R.J., Dodrill C.B., Thompson P.M. Intensive EEG monitoring and psychological studies of patients with pseudoepileptic seizures. Epilepsia 1984, 25:100-107.
13. Vanderzant C.W., Giordani B., Berent S., Dreifuss F.E., Sackellares J.C. Personality of patients with pseudoseizures. Neurology 1986, 36:664-668.
14. Sirven J.I., Glosser D.S. Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: theoretic and clinical considerations. Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol 1998, 11:225-235.
15. LaFrance W.C., Devinsky O. The treatment of nonepileptic seizures: historical perspectives and future directions. Epilepsia 2004, 45(Suppl. 2):15-21.
16. O'Sullivan S.S., Spillane J.E., McMahon E.M., et al. Clinical characteristics and outcome of patients diagnosed with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a 5-year review. Epilepsy Behav 2007, 11:77-84.
17. LaFrance W.C., Rusch M.D., Machan J.T. What is "treatment as usual" for nonepileptic seizures?. Epilepsy Behav 2008, 12:388-394.
18. Drake M.E., Pakalnis A., Phillips B.B. Neuropsychological and psychiatric correlates of intractable pseudoseizures. Seizure 1992, 1:11-13.
19. Cragar D.E., Berry D.T.R., Schmitt F.A., Fakhoury T.A. Cluster analysis of normal personality traits in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Epilepsy Behav 2005, 6:593-600.
20. Bodde N.M.G., Brooks J.L., Baker G.A., et al. Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures-definition, etiology, treatment and prognostic issues: a critical review. Seizure 2009, 18:543-553.
21. Reuber M., Howlett S., Khan A., Grünewald R.A. Non-epileptic seizures and other functional neurological symptoms: predisposing, precipitating and perpetuating factors. Psychosomatics 2007, 48:230-238.
22. Quigg M., Armstrong R.F., Farace E., Fountain N.B. Quality of life outcome is associated with cessation rather than reduction of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Epilepsy Behav 2002, 3:455-459.
23. Mayou R., Farmer A. ABC of psychological medicine: functional somatic symptoms and syndromes. Br Med J 2002, 325:265-268.
24. Kroenke K., Sharpe M., Sykes R. Revising the classification of somatoform disorders: key questions and preliminary recommendations. Psychosomatics 2007, 48:277-285.
25. Reuber M., House A.O., Pukrop R., Bauer J., Elger C.E. Somatization, dissociation and general psychopathology in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. Epilepsy Res 2003, 57:159-167.
26. Mökleby K., Blomhoff S., Malt UFr, Dahlström A., Tauböll E., Gjerstad L. Psychiatric comorbidity and hostility in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures compared with somatoform disorders and healthy controls. Epilepsia 2002, 43:193-198.
27. Reuber M., Pukrop R., Bauer J., Derfuss R., Elger C.E. Multidimensional assessment of personality in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2004, 75:743-748.
28. Reuber M., Pukrop R., Bauer J., Helmstaedter C., Tessendorf N., Elger C.E. Outcome in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: 1 to 10-year follow-up in 164 patients. Ann Neurol 2003, 53:305-311.
29. Millon T., Grossman S., Millon C., Meagher S., Ramnath R. Personality disorders in modern life 2004, Wiley, New York. 2nd ed.
30. Lacey C., Cook M., Salzberg M. The neurologist, psychogenic nonepileptic seizures, and borderline personality disorder. Epilepsy Behav 2007, 11:492-498.
31. Binder L.M., Salinsky M.C., Smith S.P. Psychological correlates of psychogenic seizures. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 1994, 16:524-530.
32. Binder L.M., Kindermann S.S., Heaton R.K., Salinsky M.C. Neuropsychologic impairment in patients with nonepileptic seizures. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 1998, 13:513-522.
33. Storzbach D., Binder L.M., Salinsky M.C., Campbell B.R., Mueller R.M. Improved prediction of nonepileptic seizures with combined MMPI and EEG measures. Epilepsia 2000, 41:332-337.
34. Cragar D.E., Schmitt F.A., Berry D.T., Cibula J.E., Dearth C.M., Fakhoury T.A. A comparison of MMPI-2 decision rules in the diagnosis of nonepileptic seizures. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2003, 25:793-804.
35. Wilkus R.J., Dodrill C.B. Factors affecting the outcome of MMPI and neuropsychological assessments of psychogenic and epileptic seizure patients. Epilepsia 1989, 30:339-347.
36. Dodrill C.B., Wilkus R.J., Batzel L.W. The MMPI as a diagnostic tool in nonepileptic seizures. Non-epileptic seizures 1993, 211-219. Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston. A.J. Rowan, J.P. Gates (Eds.).
37. Derry P.A., McLachlan R.S. The MMPI-2 as an adjunct to the diagnosis of pseudoseizures. Seizure 1996, 5:35-40.
38. Fargo J.D., Schefft B.K., Kent G.P., Szaflarski J.P., Privitera M.D., Yeh H.S. The prevalence of seizure types among individuals referred for phase I neuropsychological assessment: demographic and neuropsychological characteristics. Clin Neuropsychol 2007, 21:442-455.
39. Testa S.M., Schefft B.K., Szaflarski J.P., Yeh H.-S., Privitera M.D. Mood, personality, and health-related quality of life in epileptic and psychogenic seizure disorders. Epilepsia 2007, 48:973-982.
40. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 2000, (DSM-IV-TR), American Psychiatric Assoc., Washington, DC.
41. Reuber M., Mitchell A.J., Howlett S.J., Crimlisk H.L., Grünewald R.A. Functional symptoms in neurology: questions and answers. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2005, 76:307-314.
42. Woolfolk R.L., Allen L.A., Tiu J.E. New directions in the treatment of somatization. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2007, 30:621-644.
43. Schneider-Helmert D. Twenty-four-hour sleep-wake function and personality patterns in chronic insomniacs and healthy controls. Sleep 1987, 10:452-462.
44. Bass C., Murphy M. Somatoform and personality disorders: syndromal comorbidity and overlapping developmental pathways. J Psychosom Res 1995, 39:403-427.
45. Van de Laar M., Verbeek I., Pevernagie D., Aldenkamp A.P., Overeem S. The role of personality traits in insomnia. Sleep Med Rev 2010, 14:61-68.
46. Butcher J.N., Graham J.R., Ben-Porath Y.S. Methodological problems and issues in MMPI, MMPI-2, and MMPI-A research. Psychol Assess 1995, 7:320-329.
47. Greene R.L., Gwin R., Staal M. Current status of MMPI-2 research: a methodologic overview. J Pers Assess 1997, 68:20-36.
48. Graham J.R. MMPI-2: assessing personality and psychopathology 2006, Oxford Univ. Press, New York. 4th ed.
49. Butcher J.N. Personality assessment without borders: adaptation of the MMPI-2 across cultures. J Pers Assess 2004, 83:90-104.
50. Schramke C.J., Valeri A., Valeriano J.P., Kelly K.M. Using the Minnesota Multiphasic Inventory 2, EEGs, and clinical data to predict nonepileptic events. Epilepsy Behav 2007, 11:343-346.
51. Russell H., Coady L., Chaytor N. The impact of seizure-related items and comorbid medical conditions on the MMPI-2 profiles of patients with epilepsy and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Epilepsy Behav 2009, 15:325-329.
52. Helmes E., Reddon J.R. A perspective on developments in assessing psychopathology: a critical review of the MMPI and MMPI-2. Psychol Bull 1993, 113:453-471.
53. Griffith N.M., Szaflarski J.P., Schefft B.K., et al. Relationship between semiology of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory profile. Epilepsy Behav 2007, 11:105-111.
54. Butcher J.N., Williams C.L. Essentials of MMPI-2 and MMPI-A interpretation 1992, Univ. of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis.
55. Riley J.L., Robinson M.E. Validity of MMPI-2 Profiles in chronic back pain patients: differences in path models of coping and somatization. Clin J Pain 1998, 14:324-335.
56. Kalogjera-Sackellares D., Cartwright R.D. Comparison of MMPI profiles in medically and psychologically based insomnias. Psychiatry Res 1997, 70:49-56.
57. Owczarek K. Somatization indexes as differential factors in psychogenic pseudoepileptic and epileptic seizures. Seizure 2003, 12:178-181.
58. Hixson J.D., Balcer L.J., Glosser G., French J.A. Fear sensitivity and the psychological profile of patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Epilepsy Behav 2006, 9:587-592.
59. LaFrance W.C., Alper K., Babcock D., et al. Nonepileptic seizures treatment workshop summary. Epilepsy Behav 2006, 8:451-461.
60. Carton S., Thompson P.J., Duncan J.S. Non-epileptic seizures: patients' understanding and reaction to the diagnosis and impact on outcome. Seizure 2003, 12:287-294.
61. Green A., Payne S., Barnitt R. Illness representations among people with non-epileptic seizures attending a neuropsychiatry clinic: a qualitative study based on the self-regulation model. Seizure 2004, 13:331-339.
62. Thompson R., Isaac C.L., Rowse G., Tooth C.L., Reuber M. What is it like to receive a diagnosis of nonepileptic seizures?. Epilepsy Behav 2009, 14:508-515.
63. Tsushima W.T., Ingolfsdottir E. MMPI-2 scores of patients with insomnia. Psychol Rep 2004, 94:267-272.
64. Greene R.L. The MMPI-2/MMPI: an interpretive manual 1991, Allyn & Bacon, Boston.
65. Kanner A.M. Is the neurologist's role over once the diagnosis of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures is made? No!. Epilepsy Behav 2008, 12:1-2.
66. Reuber M., House A.O. Treating patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. Curr Opin Neurol 2002, 15:207-211.
67. Stonnington C.M., Barry J.J., Fisher R.S. Conversion disorder. Am J Psychiatry 2006, 163:1510-1517.
68. Marchetti R.L., Kurcgant D., Neto J.G., von Bismark M.A., Marchetti L.B., Fiore L.A. Psychiatric diagnoses of patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. Seizure 2008, 17:247-253.
69. Aboukasm A., Mahr G., Rader Gahry B., Thomas A., Barkley G.L. Retrospective analysis of the effects of psychotherapeutic interventions on outcomes of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Epilepsia 1998, 39:470-473.
70. Reuber M. Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: Answers and questions. Epilepsy Behav 2008, 12:622-635.
71. Gates J.R. Nonepileptic seizures: classification, coexistence with epilepsy, diagnosis, therapeutic approaches, and consensus. Epilepsy Behav 2002, 3:28-33.