Malaria risk factors in north-east Tanzania

Malaria Journal

Volumn 10, Issue , 2011, Pages

  Winskill, Peter ^a,b   Rowland, Mark ^a,c   Mtove, George ^d   Malima, Robert C ^d   Kirby, Matthew J ^a,c  

^a LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

^b IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^c Pan African Malaria Vector Research Consortium   (Tanzania)

^d Amani Centre   (Tanzania)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BED NET; CHILD; FEMALE; GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM; GROUPS BY AGE; HEALTH SURVEY; HOUSEHOLD; HUMAN; INFANT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALARIA; MALE; MICROSCOPY; PLASMODIUM; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTOR; SEX DIFFERENCE; TANZANIA; AGE; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; FAMILY SIZE; ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION; MALARIA FALCIPARUM; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; PARASITOLOGY; PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; STATISTICAL MODEL;

AGE FACTORS; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; FAMILY CHARACTERISTICS; FEMALE; GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS; HEALTH SURVEYS; HUMANS; INFANT; INSECTICIDE-TREATED BEDNETS; LOGISTIC MODELS; MALARIA, FALCIPARUM; MALE; MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS; PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTORS; TANZANIA;

EID: 79954576991     PISSN: None     EISSN: 14752875     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-10-98     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Roll Back Malaria - Key Malaria Facts. http://www.rollbackmalaria.org/ keyfacts.html Accessed [02/11/10]
2. National malaria medium term strategic plan 2002-2007. Dar es Salaam 2003 Tanzania Ministry of Health
3. The malaria Atlas Project: developing global maps of malaria risk. SI Hay RW Snow, PLoS Med 2006 3 473 10.1371/journal.pmed.0030473 17147467
4. A steep decline of malaria morbidity and mortality trends in Eritrea between 2000 and 2004: the effect of combination of control methods. PM Nyarango T Gebremeskel G Mebrahtu J Mufunda U Abdulmumini A Ogbamariam A Kosia A Gebremichael D Gunawardena Y Ghebrat Y Okbaldet, Malar J 2006 5 33 10.1186/1475-2875-5-33 16635265
5. Spatial targeting of interventions against malaria. R Carter KN Mendis D Roberts, Bull World Health Organ 2000 78 1401 1411 11196487 (Pubitemid 32105024)
6. Malaria hotspot areas in a highland Kenya site are consistent in epidemic and non-epidemic years and are associated with ecological factors. KC Ernst SO Adoka DO Kowuor ML Wilson CC John, Malar J 2006 5 78 10.1186/1475-2875-5-78 16970824
7. Space-time clustering of childhood malaria at the household level: a dynamic cohort in a Mali village. J Gaudart B Poudiougou A Dicko S Ranque O Toure I Sagara M Diallo S Diawara A Ouattara M Diakite OK Doumbo, BMC Public Health 2006 6 286 10.1186/1471-2458-6-286 17118176
8. Spatial clustering of malaria and associated risk factors during an epidemic in a highland area of western Kenya. S Brooker S Clarke JK Njagi S Polack B Mugo B Estambale E Muchiri P Magnussen J Cox, Trop Med Int Health 2004 9 757 766 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2004.01272.x 15228485 (Pubitemid 38962002)
9. The spatial-temporal clustering of Plasmodium falciparum infection over eleven years in Gezira State, The Sudan. SE Mirghani BY Nour SM Bushra IM Elhassan RW Snow AM Noor, Malar J 2010 9 172 10.1186/1475-2875-9-172 20565854
10. The changing epidemiology of malaria in Ifakara Town, southern Tanzania. D Schellenberg C Menendez J Aponte C Guinovart H Mshinda M Tanner P Alonso, Trop Med Int Health 2004 9 68 76 10.1046/j.1365-3156.2003.01161.x 14728609 (Pubitemid 38178014)
11. Rapid assessment of malaria transmission using age-specific sero-conversion rates. L Stewart R Gosling J Griffin S Gesase J Campo R Hashim P Masika J Mosha T Bousema S Shekalaghe J Cook P Corran A Ghani E Riley C Drakeley, PLoS One 2009 4 6083 10.1371/journal.pone.0006083 19562032
12. The decline in paediatric malaria admissions on the coast of Kenya. EA Okiro SI Hay PW Gikandi SK Sharif AM Noor N Peshu K Marsh RW Snow, Malar J 2007 6 151 10.1186/1475-2875-6-151 18005422
13. Effect of a fall in malaria transmission on morbidity and mortality in Kilifi, Kenya. WP O'Meara P Bejon TW Mwangi EA Okiro N Peshu RW Snow CR Newton K Marsh, Lancet 2008 372 1555 1562 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61655-4 18984188
14. A progressive declining in the burden of malaria in north-eastern Tanzania. BP Mmbando LS Vestergaard AY Kitua MM Lemnge TG Theander JP Lusingu, Malar J 2010 9 216 10.1186/1475-2875-9-216 20650014
15. Tanzania NBOS: statistics for development. http://www.nbs.go.tz/index. php?option=com-content&view=article&id=103&Itemid=114 Accessed [11/11/10]
16. Relationship between altitude and intensity of malaria transmission in the Usambara Mountains, Tanzania. R Bodker J Akida D Shayo W Kisinza HA Msangeni EM Pedersen SW Lindsay, J Med Entomol 2003 40 706 717 10.1603/0022-2585-40.5. 706 14596287 (Pubitemid 37399546)
17. Malaria morbidity and immunity among residents of villages with different Plasmodium falciparum transmission intensity in North-Eastern Tanzania. JP Lusingu LS Vestergaard BP Mmbando CJ Drakeley C Jones J Akida ZX Savaeli AY Kitua MM Lemnge TG Theander, Malar J 2004 3 26 10.1186/1475-2875-3-26 15282030
18. Malaria control at the district level in Africa: the case of the Muheza district in northeastern Tanzania. MS Alilio A Kitua K Njunwa M Medina AM Ronn J Mhina F Msuya J Mahundi JM Depinay S Whyte A Krasnik C Bygbjerg, Am J Trop Med Hyg 2004 71 205 213 15331839 (Pubitemid 39121324)
19. High level of resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to sulfadoxine- pyrimethamine in children in Tanzania. AM Ronn HA Msangeni J Mhina WH Wernsdorfer IC Bygbjerg, Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1996 90 179 181 10.1016/S0035-9203(96)90129-7 8761583 (Pubitemid 26141091)
20. A spatial scan statistic. M Kulldorff, Communications in Statistics-Theory and Methods 1997 26 1481 1496 10.1080/03610929708831995 (Pubitemid 127447921)
21. Spatial Disease Clusters - Detection and Inference. M Kulldorff N Nagarwalla, Statistics in Medicine 1995 14 799 810 10.1002/sim.4780140809 7644860
22. Geonetwork. http://www.fao.org/geonetwork/srv/en/main.home Accessed [15/08/10]
23. Do high levels of C-reactive protein in Tanzanian children indicate malaria morbidity. N Hurt T Smith T Teuscher M Tanner, Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 1994 1 437 444 8556482 (Pubitemid 2111074)
24. Age dependence of the multiplicity of Plasmodium falciparum infections and of other malariological indices in an area of high endemicity. T Smith HP Beck A Kitua S Mwankusye I Felger N Fraser-Hurt A Irion P Alonso T Teuscher M Tanner, Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1999 93 15 20 10492779 (Pubitemid 29123570)
25. Absence of seasonal variation in malaria parasitaemia in an area of intense seasonal transmission. T Smith JD Charlwood J Kihonda S Mwankusye P Billingsley J Meuwissen E Lyimo W Takken T Teuscher M Tanner, Acta Trop 1993 54 55 72 10.1016/0001-706X(93)90068-M 8103627 (Pubitemid 23236067)
26. Insecticide-treated bed nets and curtains for preventing malaria. C Lengeler, Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2004 D000363
27. World Health Organisation - World Malaria Report 2009. http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2009/9789241563901-eng.PDF Accessed [01/11/10]
28. Associations of peak shifts in age-prevalence for human malarias with bednet coverage. T Smith JL Hii B Genton I Muller M Booth N Gibson A Narara MP Alpers, Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2001 95 1 6 10.1016/S0035-9203(01)90314-1 11280051 (Pubitemid 34202213)
29. Reconstructing historical changes in the force of infection of dengue fever in Singapore: implications for surveillance and control. JR Egger EE Ooi DW Kelly ME Woolhouse CR Davies PG Coleman, Bull World Health Organ 2008 86 187 196 10.2471/BLT.07.040170 18368205 (Pubitemid 351480938)
30. Short report: entomologic inoculation rates and Plasmodium falciparum malaria prevalence in Africa. JC Beier GF Killeen JI Githure, Am J Trop Med Hyg 1999 61 109 113 10432066 (Pubitemid 29344998)
31. Reducing Plasmodium falciparum malaria transmission in Africa: a model-based evaluation of intervention strategies. JT Griffin TD Hollingsworth LC Okell TS Churcher M White W Hinsley T Bousema CJ Drakeley NM Ferguson MG Basanez AC Ghani, PLoS Med 2010 7 1000324 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000324 20711482
32. The consequences of reducing transmission of Plasmodium falciparum in Africa. RW Snow K Marsh, Adv Parasitol 2002 52 235 264 12521262 (Pubitemid 36069925)
33. Relation between severe malaria morbidity in children and level of Plasmodium falciparum transmission in Africa. RW Snow JA Omumbo B Lowe CS Molyneux JO Obiero A Palmer MW Weber M Pinder B Nahlen C Obonyo C Newbold S Gupta K Marsh, Lancet 1997 349 1650 1654 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)02038-2 9186382 (Pubitemid 27234806)
34. Age-patterns of malaria vary with severity, transmission intensity and seasonality in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and pooled analysis. I Carneiro A Roca-Feltrer JT Griffin L Smith M Tanner JA Schellenberg B Greenwood D Schellenberg, PLoS One 2010 5 8988 10.1371/journal.pone.0008988 20126547
35. Vulnerability to malaria, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS infection and disease. Part 1: determinants operating at individual and household level. I Bates C Fenton J Gruber D Lalloo A Lara Medina SB Squire S Theobald R Thomson R Tolhurst, Lancet Infect Dis 2004 4 267 277 10.1016/S1473-3099(04)01002-3 15120343 (Pubitemid 38561224)
36. Treatment-seeking behaviour for malaria: a typology based on endemicity and gender. M Tanner C Vlassoff, Soc Sci Med 1998 46 523 532 10.1016/S0277-9536(97)00195-0 9460831 (Pubitemid 28024891)
37. Equity and coverage of insecticide-treated bed nets in an area of intense transmission of Plasmodium falciparum in Tanzania. J Bernard G Mtove R Mandike F Mtei C Maxwell H Reyburn, Malar J 2009 8 65 10.1186/1475-2875-8-65 19371415
38. Household risk factors for malaria among children in the Ethiopian highlands. TA Ghebreyesus M Haile KH Witten A Getachew M Yohannes SW Lindsay P Byass, Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2000 94 17 21 10.1016/S0035-9203(00)90424-3 10748890 (Pubitemid 30116552)
39. The epidemiology of febrile malaria episodes in an area of unstable and seasonal transmission. HA Giha S Rosthoj D Dodoo L Hviid GM Satti T Scheike DE Arnot TG Theander, Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2000 94 645 651 10.1016/S0035- 9203(00)90218-9 11198648
40. Household ownership and use of insecticide treated nets among target groups after implementation of a national voucher programme in the United Republic of Tanzania: plausibility study using three annual cross sectional household surveys. K Hanson T Marchant R Nathan H Mponda C Jones J Bruce H Mshinda JA Schellenberg, BMJ 2009 339 2434 10.1136/bmj.b2434 19574316
41. Creating an "enabling environment" for taking insecticide treated nets to national scale: the Tanzanian experience. SM Magesa C Lengeler D deSavigny JE Miller RJ Njau K Kramer A Kitua A Mwita, Malar J 2005 4 34 10.1186/1475-2875-4-34 16042780
42. Roll Back Malaria Partnership: Global Malaria Action Plan. http://www.rollbackmalaria.org/gmap/2-2a.html Accessed [05/11/10]
43. Malaria risk factors in an endemic region of Sri Lanka, and the impact and cost implications of risk factor-based interventions. DM Gunawardena AR Wickremasinghe L Muthuwatta S Weerasingha J Rajakaruna T Senanayaka PK Kotta N Attanayake R Carter KN Mendis, Am J Trop Med Hyg 1998 58 533 542 9598437 (Pubitemid 28237247)
44. Short report: proximity to mosquito breeding sites as a risk factor for clinical malaria episodes in an urban cohort of Ugandan children. SG Staedke EW Nottingham J Cox MR Kamya PJ Rosenthal G Dorsey, Am J Trop Med Hyg 2003 69 244 246 14628938