Global watch: The state of biological investigations

Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

Volumn 66, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 70-76

  Hjalmarsson, Karin ^a   Isla, Nicolas ^b   Kraatz Wadsack, Gabriele ^c   Barbeschi, Maurizio ^b  

^a UN Office for Disarmament Affairs (UNODA)   (United States)

^b WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION   (Switzerland)

^c UNODA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 79954557728     PISSN: 00963402     EISSN: 19383282     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2968/066004007     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. World Health Report 2007: A Safer Future: Global Public Health Security in the 21st Century (Geneva: WHO, 2007), available at http://www.who.int/whr/ 2007/ en/;
2. "Global Public Health Response to Natural Occurrence, Accidental Release or Deliberate Use of Biological and Chemical Agents or Radionuclear Material that Affect Health," 55th World Health Assembly, WHA.55.16, May 18, 2002, available at .ast;http://apps.who.int/gb/archive/pdf-files/WHA55/ ewha5516.pdf;
3. and WHO, "Health Aspects of Biological, Chemical and Radionuclear Threats," available at http://www.who.int/csr/delibepidemics/ informationresources/en/index.html.
4. U.N. General Assembly Resolution 1(I) of January 24, 1946, seeking proposals for the elimination from national armaments of atomic weapons and of all other major weapons adaptable to mass destruction.
5. In 1992 at a meeting held at the level of heads of state and government, the U.N. Security Council confirmed that development and proliferation of WMD is a threat to international peace and security; see "Note by the President of the Security Council," (S/23500, January 31, 1992).
6. The threat posed by proliferation of WMD was reaffirmed by the U.N. Security Council in 1995, in "Statement by the President of the Security Council," S/PRST/1995/9, February 22, 1995.
7. At the 16th Meeting of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations Regional Forum in July 2009, the "Work Plan for Counter-Terrorism and Transnational Crimes" was adopted;
8. in June 2009 the European Commission adopted a policy package on "Strengthening Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Security in the European Union";
9. and in March 2009 the Fifth Plenary Session of the Organization of American States' Inter-American Committee against Terrorism took place.
10. Bob Graham et al., World At Risk: The Report of the Commission on the Prevention of Weapons of Mass Destruction Proliferation and Terrorism (New York: Vintage, 2008).
11. "National Strategy for Countering Biological Threats," National Security Council, November 23, 2009, available at http://www.whitehouse.gov/ sites/default/ files/National-Strategy-for-Countering-BioThreats.pdf.
12. Geneva Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in War of Asphyxiating, Poison- ous or Other Gases and of Bacteriological Methods of Warfare, signed in Geneva, June 17, 1925.
13. The BWC entered into force in 1975;
14. the CWC entered into force in 1997.
15. U.N. General Assembly Resolution A/RES/37/98 D, December 13, 1982.
16. U.N. General Assembly Resolution A/RES/42/37 C, November 30, 1987.
17. Annex I of "Chemical and Bacteriological (Biological) Weapons: Report of the Secretary-General," A/44/561, October 4, 1989;
18. U.N.General Assembly, "Chemical and Bacteriological (Biological) Weapons," A/RES/45/57 C, December 4, 1990, adopted without a vote.
19. U.N. General Assembly Resolution 60/288, "The United Nations Global Counter- Terrorism Strategy," September 8, 2006.
20. As of January 2010.
21. The Relationship Agreement between the United Nations and the OPCW was approved by the U.N. General Assembly in Resolution A/RES/55/283, September 24, 2001
22. and the OPCW Conference of the States Parties in decision C-VI/DEC.5, May 17, 2001.
23. WHO, International Health Regulations (2005) (Geneva: WHO, 2005), available at http://www.who.int/ihr/en/.
24. WHO and GOARN, "Partnership in Outbreak Response," available at http:// www.who.int/csr/outbreaknetwork/goarnenglish.pdf.