Single-step electropolymerization patterning of a polypyrrole nanowire by ultra-short pulses via an AFM cantilever

Nanotechnology

Volumn 22, Issue 22, 2011, Pages

  Nam, Kihwan ^a   Lee, Gyudo ^a   Jung, Huihun ^a   Park, Jinsung ^b   Kim, Chi Hyun ^a   Seo, Jongbum ^a   Yoon, Dae Sung ^a   Lee, Sang Woo ^a   Kwon, Taeyun ^a  

^a Yonsei University Wonju   (South Korea)

^b Korea University   (South Korea)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AFM CANTILEVERS; AFM TIP; BIOLOGICAL SENSORS; DIMENSIONAL VARIATIONS; ELECTROCHEMICAL CURRENTS; EXPERIMENTAL SETUP; FUNCTIONAL DEVICES; GOLD SURFACES; KEY TECHNOLOGIES; MULTIFUNCTIONAL DEVICES; NANOPATTERNING; NANOSCALED; POLYPYRROLE NANOWIRES; PRE-TREATMENT; PULSE AMPLITUDE; PULSE WIDTH; RESISTOR CAPACITORS; SHORT PULSE; SHORT-PULSE VOLTAGES; SINGLE-STEP; TIME CONSTANTS;

ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; BIOSENSORS; CONDUCTING POLYMERS; ELECTRIC WIRE; ELECTROPOLYMERIZATION; FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS; NANOWIRES; ORGANIC CONDUCTORS; POLYPYRROLES;

ULTRASHORT PULSES;

GOLD; NANOWIRE; POLYMER; POLYPYRROLE; PYRROLE DERIVATIVE;

ARTICLE; ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; CHEMISTRY; ELECTROCHEMICAL ANALYSIS; METHODOLOGY; POLYMERIZATION; ULTRASTRUCTURE;

ELECTROCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES; GOLD; MICROSCOPY, ATOMIC FORCE; NANOWIRES; POLYMERIZATION; POLYMERS; PYRROLES;

EID: 79954528366     PISSN: 09574484     EISSN: 13616528     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/22/225303     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Shen J, Chen Z, Wang N, Yan H, Shi G, Jin A and Gu C 2006 Electrical properties of a single electrochemically template-synthesized polypyrrole nanowire Appl. Phys. Lett. 88 253106
2. Cai X W, Gao J S, Xie Z X, Xie Y, Tian Z Q and Mao B W 1998 Nanomodification of polypyrrole and polyaniline on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite electrodes by atomic force microscopy Langmuir 14 2508-14 (Pubitemid 128567716)
3. Xue W, Jiang X and Harima Y 2009 New four-band electrode fabrication to measure in situ electrical property of conducting polymers Anal. Chem. 81 2364-72
4. DeLongchamp D M, Kline R J, Jung Y, Germack D S, Lin E K, Moad A J, Richter L J, Toney M F, Heeney M and McCulloch I 2009 Controlling the orientation of terraced nanoscale ribbons of a poly(thiophene) semiconductor ACS Nano 3 780-7
5. Sailor M J, Klavetter F L, Grubbs R H and Lewis N S 1990 Electronic properties of junctions between silicon and organic conducting polymers Nature 346 155-7
6. Brown A R, Pomp A, Hart C M and Leeuw D M d 1995 Logic gates made from polymer transistors and their use in ring oscillators Science 270 972-4
7. Schroeder R, Majewski L A, Grell M, Maunoury J, Gautrot J, Hodge P and Turner M 2005 Electrode specific electropolymerization of ethylenedioxythiophene: injection enhancement in organic transistors Appl. Phys. Lett. 87 113501
8. Horowitz G, Garnier F, Yassar A, Hajlaoui R and Kouki F 1996 Field-effect transistor made with a sexithiophene single crystal Adv. Mater. 8 52-4 (Pubitemid 126557659)
9. Drury C J, Mutsaers C M J, Hart C M, Matters M and de Leeuw D M 1998 Low-cost all-polymer integrated circuits Appl. Phys. Lett. 73 108-10 (Pubitemid 128677896)
10. Sirringhaus H, Tessler N and Friend R H 1998 Integrated optoelectronic devices based on conjugated polymers Science 280 1741-4 (Pubitemid 28283495)
11. Sommer J R, Farley R T, Graham K R, Yang Y, Reynolds J R, Xue J and Schanze K S 2009 Efficient near-infrared polymer and organic light-emitting diodes based on electrophosphorescence from (tetraphenyltetranaphtho[2,3] porphyrin)platinum(II) ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 1 274-8
12. Grimsdale A C, Leok Chan K, Martin R E, Jokisz P G and Holmes A B 2009 Synthesis of light-emitting conjugated polymers for applications in electroluminescent devices Chem. Rev. 109 897-1091
13. Lange U, Roznyatovskaya N V and Mirsky V M 2008 Conducting polymers in chemical sensors and arrays Anal. Chim. Acta 614 1-26
14. Fowler J D, Virji S, Kaner R B and Weiller B H 2009 Hydrogen detection by polyaniline nanofibers on gold and platinum electrodes J. Phys. Chem. C 113 6444-9
15. Wei D, Baral J K, Osterbacka R and Ivaska A 2008 Electrochemical fabrication of a nonvolatile memory device based on polyaniline and gold particles J. Mater. Chem. 18 1853-7 (Pubitemid 351502711)
16. Bangar M A, Shirale D J, Chen W, Myung N V and Mulchandani A 2009 Single conducting polymer nanowire chemiresistive label-free immunosensor for cancer biomarker Anal. Chem. 81 2168-75
17. Lin Z, Chen Z, Liu Y, Wang J and Chen G 2008 An electrochemiluminescent biosensor for uric acid based on the electrochemiluminescence of bis-[3,4,6-trichloro-2-(pentyloxycarbonyl)-phenyl] oxalate on an ITO electrode modified by an electropolymerized nickel phthalocyanine film Analyst 133 797-801 (Pubitemid 351713324)
18. Yoon H, Lee S H, Kwon O S, Song H S, Oh E H, Park T H and Jang J 2009 Polypyrrole nanotubes conjugated with human olfactory receptors: high-performance transducers for FET-type bioelectronic noses Angew. Chem. 121 2793-6
19. Beh W S, Kim I T, Qin D, Xia Y and Whitesides G M 1999 Formation of patterned microstructures of conducting polymers by soft lithography, and applications in microelectronic device fabrication Adv. Mater. 11 1038-41
20. Abdelhamid E, David C, Eulaia C, François B, Mateu P-R, Christopher A M, Francesc T and Josep S 2007 Electropolymerization of nano-dimensioned polypyrrole micro-ring arrays on gold substrates prepared using submerged micro-contact printing Nanotechnology 18 485301
21. Choi J, Kim S J, Lee J, Lim J H, Lee S C and Kim K J 2007 Controlled self-assembly of nanoporous alumina for the self-templating synthesis of polyaniline nanowires Electrochem. Commun. 9 971-5 (Pubitemid 46617382)
22. Xiao R, Cho S I, Liu R and Lee S B 2007 Controlled electrochemical synthesis of conductive polymer nanotube structures J. Am. Chem. Soc. 129 4483-9 (Pubitemid 46595465)
23. Seol S K, Kim J T, Je J H, Hwu Y and Margaritondo G 2008 Three-dimensional (3D) polypyrrole microstructures with high aspect ratios fabricated by localized electropolymerization Macromolecules 41 3071-4 (Pubitemid 351757661)
24. Hongliang Y, Lan Z, Jiaoyan S, Zhaojia C, Gaoquan S and Binglin Z 2006 Synthesis, property and field-emission behaviour of amorphous polypyrrole nanowires Nanotechnology 17 3446
25. Thapa P S, Yu D J, Wicksted J P, Hadwiger J A, Barisci J N, Baughman R H and Flanders B N 2009 Directional growth of polypyrrole and polythiophene wires Appl. Phys. Lett. 94 033104
26. Ramanathan K, Bangar M A, Yun M, Chen W, Mulchandani A and Myung N V 2004 Individually addressable conducting polymer nanowires array Nano Lett. 4 1273-9
27. Lim J-H and Mirkin C A 2002 Electrostatically driven dip-pen nanolithography of conducting polymers Adv. Mater. 14 1474-7 (Pubitemid 35359306)
28. Jahromi S, Dijkstra J, Vegte E V D and Mostert B 2002 In situ polymerisation of pyrrole in nanochannels produced by means of AFM lithography ChemPhysChem 3 693-6
29. Jang S-Y, Marquez M and Sotzing G A 2004 Rapid direct nanowriting of conductive polymer via electrochemical oxidative nanolithography J. Am. Chem. Soc. 126 9476-7 (Pubitemid 39031000)
30. Lee G, Jung H, Son J, Nam K, Kwon T, Lim G, Kim Y H, Seo J, Lee S W and Yoon D S 2010 Experimental and numerical study of electrochemical nanomachining using an AFM cantilever tip Nanotechnology 21 185301
31. Sadki S, Schottland P, Brodie N and Sabouraud G 2000 The mechanisms of pyrrole electropolymerization Chem. Soc. Rev. 29 283-93
32. Sinensky A K and Belcher A M 2007 Label-free and high-resolution protein/DNA nanoarray analysis using Kelvin probe force microscopy Nat. Nanotechnol. 2 653-9 (Pubitemid 47525188)
33. Leung C, Kinns H, Hoogenboom B W, Howorka S and Mesquida P 2009 Imaging surface charges of individual biomolecules Nano Lett. 9 2769-73
34. Zelenev A, Sonnenberg W and Matijević E 1998 Preparation, characterization, and adhesion of monodispersed polypyrrole particles Colloid Polym. Sci. 276 838-41 (Pubitemid 28474777)
35. Lefèvre G, erović L, Milonjić S, Fédoroff M, Finne J and Jaubertie A 2009 Determination of isoelectric points of metals and metallic alloys by adhesion of latex particles J. Colloid Interface Sci. 337 449-55
36. Arjomandi J, Shah A A, Bial S, Hoang H V and Holze R 2001 In situ Raman and UV-vis spectroscopic studies of polypyrrole and poly(pyrrole-2,6-dimethyl- beta-cyclodextrin Spectrochim. Acta A 78 1-6
37. Atanasoska L 1992 XPS studies on conducting polymers: polypyrrole films doped with perchlorate and polymeric anions Chem. Mater. 4 988-94